Project description:Background: Farm exposures in early life reduce the risks for childhood allergic diseases and asthma. There is less information about how farm exposures relate to respiratory illnesses and mucosal immune development. Objective: We hypothesized that children raised in farm environments have a lower incidence of viral illnesses over the first two years of life than non-farm children. We also analyzed between farm exposures or respiratory illnesses were related to patterns of nasal cell gene expression. Methods: The Wisconsin Infant Study Cohort (WISC) birth cohort enrolled farm and non-farm pregnant women from central Wisconsin. Parents reported prenatal farm and other environmental exposures. Illness frequency and severity were assessed using illness diaries and periodic surveys. Nasopharyngeal cell gene expression at age two years was compared to farm exposure and respiratory illness history. Results: There was a higher rate of respiratory illnesses in the non-farm vs. farm group (rate ratio 0.82 [0.69,0.97], p=0.020), but no significant differences in wheezing illnesses. There was a stepwise reduction in rates of respiratory illnesses in children exposed at least weekly to 0, 1, or ≥2 animals (p=0.006). In analyzing nasal cell gene expression, farm exposures and preceding respiratory illnesses were positively related to gene signatures for mononuclear cells and innate and antimicrobial responses. Conclusions: Children exposed to farms and farm animals had lower rates of respiratory illnesses over the first two years of life. Both farm exposures and preceding respiratory illnesses were associated with increased innate immune responses, suggesting that these exposures stimulate mucosal immune responses to reduce subsequent illness frequency.

2024-01-29 | GSE233761 | GEO

RNAseq analysis reveals the transcriptional programme of Clostridium difficile in a biologically relevant faecal–stress environment: implications for pathogenicity

Project description:RNAseq and LC/MS metabolomics analysis of C. difficile strain 630 grown in BHIS media with 50% (vol/vol) faecal water added, compared with control BHIS containing only the additional PBS used for prep of Faecal water. Cells grown in biological triplicates to late log phase (T=6h) prior to harvest. Goal was to determine changes in gene expression caused by exposure to Faecal water, and changes in the metabolite profile of faecal water containing medium when incubated with actively growing C. difficile cells

2018-11-12 | GSE112422 | GEO

The host response of IBS patients to allogenic and autologous faecal microbiota transfer

Project description:In this randomised placebo-controlled trial, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients were treated with faecal material from a healthy donor (n=8, allogenic FMT) or with their own faecal microbiota (n=8, autologous FMT). The faecal transplant was administered by whole colonoscopy into the caecum (30 g of stool in 150 ml sterile saline). Two weeks before the FMT (baseline) as well as two and eight weeks after the FMT, the participants underwent a sigmoidoscopy, and biopsies were collected at a standardised location (20-25 cm from the anal verge at the crossing with the arteria iliaca communis) from an uncleansed sigmoid. In patients treated with allogenic FMT, predominantly immune response-related genes sets were induced, with the strongest response two weeks after FMT. In patients treated with autologous FMT, predominantly metabolism-related gene sets were affected.

2019-10-14 | GSE138297 | GEO

Description and determinants of the faecal resistome and microbiome of farmers and slaughterhouse workers: a metagenome-wide cross-sectional study.

Project description:Study generating and describing the faecal metagenomes of 194 persons occupationally exposed to antimicrobial resistance in livestock (including 46 control subjects). Highlights: - DNA of faecal samples of 194 persons occupationally exposed to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in livestock, i.e. persons living or working on pig and poultry farms and pig slaughterhouse workers and control subjects, was sequenced and metagenomically analysed. - The faecal resistomes and microbiomes of farmers and slaughterhouse workers were described and compared between occupationally exposed groups and controls. - We found an increased ARG carriage in persons working in the Dutch pork production chain as compared to poultry farmers and controls. - Significant differences were found in the resistome and bacteriome composition of pig and pork exposed workers compared to a control group, as well as within-population (farms, slaughterhouse) compositional differences. - On-farm working hours and working or living on a pig farm (versus poultry farm) are determinants for the human faecal resistome. - Direct or indirect contact with AMR in livestock may be a determinant for human ARG carriage.

| EGAS00001003944 | EGA

Escherichia coli and faecal metagenomic samples

Project description:Escherichia coli and faecal metagenomic samples Raw sequence reads

| PRJNA665129 | ENA

Transcription profiling of faecal flora from healthy individuals and a patient with ulcerative colitis during disease and remission states

Project description:Comparison of faecal flora of three healthy individuals and a patient suffering from Ulcerative Colitis during disease and remission states. Faecal samples were taken and frozen at -80 within one hour.

2008-07-18 | E-MEXP-1395 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Effect of faecal water exposure from control or antibiotic-treated mice on gene expression of Caco-2 cells

Project description:To investigate the effect of polar microbial metabolites on intestinal gene expression, we exposed Caco-2 cell to faecal water from control mice or the same mice under antibiotherapy (for 7-10 days).

2023-05-25 | GSE224034 | GEO

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