Project description:A small subset of T cells also expresses kiler-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). We find that KIR+ T cells primarily reside in the CD56+ T population. However, little is known on how these cells are different from the conventional CD56- T, NK, and iNKT cells. We used microarray profiling to compare and determine the distinctive differences of CD56+ T cell and its KIR subsets when compared to the conventional CD56- T, NK and iNKT cells. Lymphocyte subsets were sorted from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with FACSAriaII (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA) using anti-CD3, anti-CD56, anti-CD14, anti-KIR2DL1, anti-KIR2DL2/3, anti-KIR3DL1 and anti-TCRValpha24 antibodies. The purity of CD3+CD56- T cells, CD3-CD56+ NK cells, CD3+CD56+ T cells, KIR-CD3+CD56+ T cells, and KIR+CD3+CD56+ T cells were more than 98% in all experiments. The purities of iNKT cells for TCRValpha24 and CD1d-tetramer were >95% and >90%, respectively. RNA pre-amplification, labeling and hybridization on Human Genome U133Plus 2.0 GeneChip array were performed in the St. Jude Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics & Biotechnology microarray core facility according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA).
Project description:A small subset of T cells also expresses kiler-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). We find that KIR+ T cells primarily reside in the CD56+ T population. However, little is known on how these cells are different from the conventional CD56- T, NK, and iNKT cells. We used microarray profiling to compare and determine the distinctive differences of CD56+ T cell and its KIR subsets when compared to the conventional CD56- T, NK and iNKT cells.
Project description:Natural killer (NK) cells and type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1) require the transcription factor STAT4 to elicit rapid effector responses and protect against pathogens. Herein, by combining genetic and transcriptomic approaches, we revealed that STAT4 played an unexpected divergent role in regulating effector differentiation of murine ILC1 and NK cells, during intestinal inflammation. Stat4 deletion in Ncr1-expressing cells led to an increased generation of cytotoxic ILC1 in the inflamed large intestine. By contrast, Stat4-deficient NK cells showed impaired terminal differentiation, characterized by lower levels of IRF-8 and KLRG1. STAT4 expression in NCR+ innate lymphocytes restrained gut inflammation and controlled both systemic IFN-g levels and the number of type 2 adaptive T cells in the large intestine. Collectively our data shed light on shared and distinctive mechanisms of transcriptional regulation driven by STAT4 in NK cells and ILC1 required for protection during intestinal inflammation.
Project description:Natural killer (NK) cells and type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1) require the transcription factor STAT4 to elicit rapid effector responses and protect against pathogens. Herein, by combining genetic and transcriptomic approaches, we revealed that STAT4 played an unexpected divergent role in regulating effector differentiation of murine ILC1 and NK cells, during intestinal inflammation. Stat4 deletion in Ncr1-expressing cells led to an increased generation of cytotoxic ILC1 in the inflamed large intestine. By contrast, Stat4-deficient NK cells showed impaired terminal differentiation, characterized by lower levels of IRF-8 and KLRG1. STAT4 expression in NCR+ innate lymphocytes restrained gut inflammation and controlled both systemic IFN-g levels and the number of type 2 adaptive T cells in the large intestine. Collectively our data shed light on shared and distinctive mechanisms of transcriptional regulation driven by STAT4 in NK cells and ILC1 required for protection during intestinal inflammation.
Project description:Innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets that mirror helper T cells in their effector cytokine profiles have recently emerged as central players in both homeostatic and inflammatory conditions. Like their Th1, Th2 and Th17/Th22 helper T cell counterparts, ILC subsets are categorized based on their expression of specific transcription factors and effector cytokines: group 1 ILC (ILC1) express T-bet and IFN-γ; group 2 ILC (ILC2) express GATA-3 and type 2 effector cytokines such as IL-13 and IL-5; and group 3 ILC (ILC3) express RORgt and the cytokines IL-22 and/or IL-17. Under this nomenclature, natural killer (NK) cells and lymphoid tissue inducers (LTi) are considered ILC1 and ILC3, respectively. ILC1 contain both CD4+ and CD4- populations, but whether this phenotypic characteristic reflects functional differences between these two populations is unknown. These studies examine the gene expression profiles of CD4+ vs CD4- ILC1 in a cohort of healthy control subjects. ILC subsets were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy control subjects. cDNA was isolated and amplified from sorted populations, and gene expression was analyzed by RNAseq
Project description:The innate cytotoxic Natural Killer (NK) cells emerged during hematopoiesis through a linear model of human NK development, yet how in vitro model of NK differentiation recapitulates in vivo process is largely under-explored. Here, we established that NK cell trajectory in vitro can be divided into 4 stages by sequential acquisition of CD161, CD56 and CD94 in which CD56 bifurcation can separate Stage 3a (CD56-) as ILC-precursor that can further give rise to stage 3b (CD56+) and stage 4 (CD94+). Re-plating results together with clonal tracing between S3b, S4 and ILC3 subsets supported a diverging developmental point between NK and ILC3 lineages occurs at the S3a stage and accompanied by the loss of the ILC3 potential as NK cell maturation progress from S3b toward S4. Single-cell transcriptomic and RNA-velocity connected the NK cytotoxic trajectory with a coordinated network of transcription factors (TFs) that are highly compatible with primary NK cell gene program.
Project description:The development of innate lymphoid cell (ILC) transcription factor reporter mice has shown a previously unexpected complexity in ILC haematopoiesis. Using novel polychromic mice to achieve higher phenotypic resolution we have characterised bone marrow progenitors that are committed to the group 1 ILC lineage. These common ILC1/NK progenitors, which we call ‘aceNKPs’, are defined as lineage–Id2+IL-7Ra+CD25–a4b7–NKG2A/C/E+Bcl11b–. In vitro, aceNKPs differentiate into group 1 ILCs, including NK-like cells that express Eomes without the requirement for IL-15, and produce IFN-g and perforin upon IL-15 stimulation. Following reconstitution of Rag2–/–Il2rg–/– hosts, aceNKPs give rise to a spectrum of mature ILC1/NK cells (regardless of their tissue location) that cannot be clearly segregated into the traditional ILC1 and NK subsets, suggesting that group 1 ILCs constitute a dynamic continuum of ILCs that can develop from a common progenitor. In addition, aceNKP-derived ILC1/NK cells effectively ameliorate tumour burden in a model of lung metastasis where they acquired a cytotoxic NK cell phenotype. Our results identify the primary ILC1/NK progenitor that lacks ILC2 or ILC3 potential and is strictly committed to ILC1/NK cell production irrespective of tissue homing.
Project description:Bulk RNA-seq, and single cell RNA-Seq using inDrops methodology, were used to compare two populations of cells that had been sorted by flow cytometry from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from two donors, G27 and G33. To sort the cells, PBMCs were stained with antibodies to 11 lineage markers (FITC), anti-CD56 (PE), and anti-CD94 (APC). The 11 lineage marker positive cells were excluded to identify the innate lymphocyte cell (ILC) population. Then we sorted the Lin-CD56+CD94- cells (CD127-ILC1s, 'neg') from the Lin-CD56+CD94+ cells (NK cells, 'pos') with a BD FACSAria IIu. Libraries were generated from each of these two populations.
Project description:It is known that natural killer (NK) cells are a heterogeneous population of functionally distinct NK cell subsets. Here we report on different genomic, phenotypic and functional properties of human NK cell subsets derived from peripheral blood, thymus and bone marrow. NK cell subpopulations were defined via expression of CD56 and CD16.
Project description:Pooled purified peripheral blood derived CD56dimCD16+ NK, CD56brightCD16- NK and in vitro activated CD56+CD16+ NK subsets obtained from 9 healthy donors were analyzed for gene expression pattern. Each pooled NK subset sample was hybridized in replicates (A and B). Keywords: other