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Transcriptomes of two contagious cancers

ABSTRACT: RNAseq of two contagious cancer cell lines in the Tasmanian devil, Devil Facial Tumour 1 (DFT1) and Devil Facial Tumour 2 (DFT2)

PROVIDER: PRJEB39603 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Two of a kind: Transmissible Schwann cell cancers in the endangered Tasmanian devil.

Project description:Devil facial tumour disease 1 and 2 (DFT1 and DFT2) are two genetically distinct transmissible cancers endangering the survival of the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii). DFT1 first arose from a cell of the Schwann cell lineage, however, the tissue-of-origin of the recently discovered DFT2 cancer remains unknown. Here we have performed mRNA and protein expression analyses to show that variation in expression patterns between DFT1 and DFT2 tumours is low. Furthermore, DFT2 cells express a range of markers associated with Schwann cell differentiation, suggesting a similar tissue-of-origin to DFT1 tumours. These findings suggest that devils may be predisposed to transmissible cancers of Schwann cell origin. The emergence of these two unique cancers presents an unprecedented opportunity to gain insight into cancer development in animal species.

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Passage of transmissible cancers in the Tasmanian devil is due to a dominant, shared peptide motif and a limited repertoire of MHC-I allotypes

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Proteomic analysis of Tasmanian devil facial tumour disease

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Project description:The Tasmanian devil, a marsupial carnivore, is endangered due to the emergence of a clonally transmissible cancer known as Devil Facial Tumor Disease (DFTD). This fatal cancer is clonally derived and is an allograft transmitted between devils by biting. We performed a large-scale genetic analysis of DFTD with microsatellite genotyping, mitochondrial genome analysis, as well as deep sequencing of the DFTD transcriptome and miRNAs. These studies confirm that DFTD is a monophyletic clonally transmissible tumor, and suggest that the disease is of Schwann cell origin. On the basis of these results we have generated a diagnostic marker for DFTD, and identify a suite of genes of relevance to DFTD pathology and transmission. We provide a genomic dataset for the Tasmanian devil, which is applicable to cancer diagnosis, disease evolution and conservation biology. This submission contains only small RNA sequence data from this study. Small RNA (18 - 24 nt) sequences from 15 Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) tissue samples

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DNA methylation profile of Tasmanian Devil facial tumor biopsies and matched healthy skin and spleen samples, as well as additional nerve tissue, and strain 1 tumor cell line.

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