Drought tolerance in barley
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB40905 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Plant survival in adverse environmental conditions requires a substantial change in the metabolism, which is reflected by the extensive transcriptome rebuilding upon the occurrence of the stress. Therefore, transcriptomic studies offer an insight into the mechanisms of plant stress responses. Here, we present the results of global gene expression profiling of roots and leaves of two barley genotypes with contrasting ability to cope with drought stress. Our analysis suggests that drought tolerance results from a certain level of transcription of stress-influenced genes that is present even before the onset of drought. Genes that predispose the plant to better drought survival play a role in the regulatory network of gene expression, including transcripts for several transcription factors, translation regulators and structural components of ribosomes. Important group of genes is involved in signaling mechanisms, with significant contribution of hormone signaling pathways and an interplay between ABA, auxin, ethylene and brassinosteroid homeostasis. Signal transduction in drought tolerant genotype may be more efficient through the expression of genes required for environmental sensing that are active already during normal water availability and are related to actin filaments and LIM domain proteins, which may function as osmotic biosensors. Better survival of drought may also be attributed to more effective processes of energy generation and more efficient chloroplasts biogenesis. Interestingly, our data suggest that several genes from photosynthesis process are required for the establishment of effective drought response not only in leaves, but also in roots of barley. Thus, we propose a hypothesis that root plastids may turn into the anti-oxidative centers protecting root macromolecules from oxidative damage during drought stress. Specific genes and their potential role in building up a drought-tolerant barley phenotype is extensively discussed with special emphasis on processes that take place in barley roots. When possible, the interconnections between particular factors are emphasize to draw a broader picture of the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance in barley.
2017-08-31 | GSE103278 | GEO
Project description:Drought tolerance is a key trait for increasing and stabilizing barley productivity in dry areas worldwide. Identification of the genes responsible for drought tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) will facilitate understanding of the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance, and also genetic improvement of barley through marker-assisted selection or gene transformation. To monitor the changes in gene expression at transcription levels in barley leaves during the reproductive stage under drought conditions, the 22K Affymetrix Barley 1 microarray was used to screen two drought-tolerant barley genotypes, Martin and Hordeum spontaneum 41-1 (HS41-1), and one drought-sensitive genotype Moroc9-75. Seventeen genes were expressed exclusively in the two drought-tolerant genotypes under drought stress, and their encoded proteins may play significant roles in enhancing drought tolerance through controlling stomatal closure via carbon metabolism (NADP malic enzyme (NADP-ME) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), synthesizing the osmoprotectant glycine-betaine (C-4 sterol methyl oxidase (CSMO), generating protectants against reactive-oxygen-species scavenging (aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), ascorbate-dependant oxidoreductase (ADOR), and stabilizing membranes and proteins (heat-shock protein 17.8 (HSP17.8) and dehydrin 3 (DHN3). Moreover, 17 genes were abundantly expressed in Martin and HS41-1 compared with Moroc9-75 under both drought and control conditions. These genes were likely constitutively expressed in drought-tolerant genotypes. Among them, 7 known annotated genes might enhance drought tolerance through signaling (such as calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) and membrane steroid binding protein (MSBP), anti-senescence (G2 pea dark accumulated protein GDA2) and detoxification (glutathione S-transferase (GST) pathways. In addition, 18 genes, including those encoding Δl-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), protein phosphatase 2C-like protein (PP2C) and several chaperones, were differentially expressed in all genotypes under drought; thus, they were more likely general drought-responsive genes in barley. These results could provide new insights into further understanding of drought-tolerance mechanisms in barley.
2009-05-13 | GSE15970 | GEO
Project description:Drought tolerance is a key trait for increasing and stabilizing barley productivity in dry areas worldwide. Identification of the genes responsible for drought tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) will facilitate understanding of the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance, and also genetic improvement of barley through marker-assisted selection or gene transformation. To monitor the changes in gene expression at transcription levels in barley leaves during the reproductive stage under drought conditions, the 22K Affymetrix Barley 1 microarray was used to screen two drought-tolerant barley genotypes, Martin and Hordeum spontaneum 41-1 (HS41-1), and one drought-sensitive genotype Moroc9-75. Seventeen genes were expressed exclusively in the two drought-tolerant genotypes under drought stress, and their encoded proteins may play significant roles in enhancing drought tolerance through controlling stomatal closure via carbon metabolism (NADP malic enzyme (NADP-ME) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), synthesizing the osmoprotectant glycine-betaine (C-4 sterol methyl oxidase (CSMO), generating protectants against reactive-oxygen-species scavenging (aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), ascorbate-dependant oxidoreductase (ADOR), and stabilizing membranes and proteins (heat-shock protein 17.8 (HSP17.8) and dehydrin 3 (DHN3). Moreover, 17 genes were abundantly expressed in Martin and HS41-1 compared with Moroc9-75 under both drought and control conditions. These genes were likely constitutively expressed in drought-tolerant genotypes. Among them, 7 known annotated genes might enhance drought tolerance through signaling (such as calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) and membrane steroid binding protein (MSBP), anti-senescence (G2 pea dark accumulated protein GDA2) and detoxification (glutathione S-transferase (GST) pathways. In addition, 18 genes, including those encoding Δl-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), protein phosphatase 2C-like protein (PP2C) and several chaperones, were differentially expressed in all genotypes under drought; thus, they were more likely general drought-responsive genes in barley. These results could provide new insights into further understanding of drought-tolerance mechanisms in barley. Seven flag leaves of a replication for each genotype were harvested at 0 d, 1 d, 3 d and 5 d after reach 10% of AWC in the soil to constitute a single biological replicate. These flag leaves were employed for RNA isolation by using Trizol reagent following the manufacturer’s protocol (Invitrogen, Karlsruhe, Germany). The RNA was further purified using RNeasy Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). RNA yield and quality were determined by using an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Techologies, Boblingen, Germany). A table of the average, log2 RMA signal intensity values of three biological replicates for each Sample is linked below as a supplementary file.
2009-05-13 | E-GEOD-15970 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The data present global gene expression profiling of roots of two barley genotypes with contrasting ability to cope with drought stress. We used the whole root system and the second leaf of CamB and Maresi genotypes subjected to 10-days of mild drought at seedling stage. The transcriptomes of leaves served in the presented study as a background to depict, which genes may respond with the expression changes in an organ-specific manner. Our data indicate that the mild drought resulted in more changes in the transcriptomes of roots than in the leaves and more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were root-specific. We also found that similar number of DEGs were induced or repressed by the stress in roots of CamB genotype, whereas in roots of more drought susceptible Maresi a down-regulation of gene expression prevailed. We identified 88 genes encoding transcription factors and gene expression regulators that were differentially expressed in roots and the majority of them were root-specific. We discuss their probable function in drought response and tolerance and predicted a possible regulatory network downstream of selected transcription factors.
2019-03-09 | GSE128048 | GEO
Project description:Detection of single feature polymorphisms comparing five barley genotypes. Gene expression under unstressed and drought stressed conditions. Tissue from five entire five day old seedlings from drought stress or unstressed growth conditions was used for RNA extraction. For Barke, Morex and Stepoe the two types of RNA were pooled. For Oregon Wolfe Barley Dominant and Recessive (OWBs), the two types of RNA were handled separately. Targets from three biological replicates of each genotype-treatment were generated and transcript levels were determined using Affymetrix Barley1 GeneChip arrays. Probe set, followed by single probe, comparisons between genotypes allows the identification of single feature polymorphisms in comparisons between genotypes. For the OWBs, comparisons between stressed and unstressed conditions defines stress-regulated genes. Keywords: repeat
2005-08-25 | GSE3170 | GEO
Project description:ABA INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5) is a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor which acts in the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and is activated in response to abiotic stresses. It was shown that ABI5 binds ABA RESPONSIVE ELEMENTs (ABRE cis-elements) present in the promoters of regulated genes and activates or represses their transcription in response to stress. However, the precise role of barley (Hordeum vulgare) ABI5 in ABA signaling is still not well understood. We have identified a hvabi5.d mutant using barley TILLING (Targeted Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) platform. hvabi5.d showed drought tolerant phenotype. To identify molecular mechanisms responsible for hvabi5.d response to drought, we perform drought-related gene expression analysis in barley in two genotypes: the wild-type (WT) barley cultivar 'Sebastian’ and hvabi5.d mutant; in two time points: (1) optimal water conditions, and (2) after 10 days of drought stress in the second leaf; analyses were performed in three biological replicates. Global transcriptome analysis (Agilent Barley Microarray) of the mutant and parent cultivar ‘Sebastian’ exposed to drought enabled to identify genes in hvabi5.d which were associated with better response of the mutant to drought. These data increase our understanding of HvABI5-dependent modulation of plant response to the drought stress.
2020-07-22 | E-MTAB-9072 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The aim of the study was the elucidation of drought-induced molecular events occurred in crown tissue of barley. Independent research methods allowed to identify genes (RNA-seq) and corresponding proteins (LC/MS), whose direction of regulation was the same under water deficit conditions. They may represent a promising set of genes in breeding of new varieties with increased drought tolerance. A set of genes with contrasting regulation between the genotypes with different BRs signal transduction efficiency was determined, often of fundamental role in plant development. On the other hand, several genes encoding dehydrins were expressed independently from genotype, thus being suggested as housekeeping genes. Some candidate genes on coordination of phytohormones crosstalk have been also proposed. The multidisciplinary results provided new insights into the significant relationships between gene expression, protein and phytohormone content of crown tissue under abiotic stress.
2023-03-28 | E-MTAB-12773 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In this study we used the Affymetrix Barley 1 GeneChip to investigate transcriptome responses of barley cv. Morex to drought over 21 days based on five triplicated stress treatments and a wide range of soil water content treatments. Keywords: repeat sample
2008-02-02 | GSE6990 | GEO
Project description:Background: Drought stress is the major environmental stress that affects plant growth and productivity. It triggers in plants a wide range of responses detectable at different scales: molecular, biochemical and physiological levels. At the molecular level the response to drought stress results in the differential expression of several metabolic pathways. For this reason, explore the subtle differences existing in gene expression of drought sensitive and drought tolerant genotypes allows to identify drought-related genes that could be used for selection of drought tolerance traits. Genome-wide RNA-Seq technology was used to compare the drought response of two sorghum genotypes characterized by contrasting water use efficiency. Results: the physiological measurements carried out confirmed the drought sensitivity of IS20351 and the drought tolerance of IS22330 previously studied. The expression of drought-related genes was more abundant in the sensitive genotype IS20351 compared to the tolerant IS22330. The Gene Ontology enrichment highlighted a massive increase in transcript abundance in “response to stress” and “abiotic stimulus”, “oxidation-reduction reaction” in the sensitive genotype IS20351 under drought stress. “Antioxidant” and “secondary metabolism”, “photosynthesis and carbon fixation process”, “lipids” and “carbon metabolism” were the pathways most affected by drought in the sensitive genotype IS20351. The sensitive genotype IS20351 showed under well-watered conditions a lower constitutive expression level of “secondary metabolic process” (GO:0019748) and “glutathione transferase activity” (GO:000004364). Conclusions: RNA-Seq analysis revealed to be a very useful tool to explore differences between sensitive and tolerant sorghum genotypes. The transcriptomic results supported all the physiological measurements and were crucial to clarify the tolerance of the two genotypes studied. The connection between the differential gene expression and the physiological response to drought states unequivocally the drought tolerance of the genotype IS22330 and the strategy adopted to cope with drought stress.
2016-04-27 | GSE80699 | GEO
Project description:Comparative analysis of transcriptome in two wheat genotypes with contrasting levels of draught tolerance. We used microarrays to investigate the global gene expression in response to drought stress.
2017-02-27 | GSE87325 | GEO