Project description:Nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) is used to remediate aquifers polluted by organochlorines or heavy metals has been also considered for elimination of harmful algal blooms. Highly reactive nZVI then affects microorganisms in the application area. To date, various nZVI toxicity endpoints have been studied on different organisms. However, the underlying mechanistic related to iron defense pathways have not been explained sufficiently. Here we aim to describe the physiological and transcriptomic response of the microalga, Raphidocelis subcapitata ATCC 22662, to 100 mg/L of non-reactive nFe3O4, and reactive nZVI. The combined effect of shading by nanoparticles and release of Fe2+ from nZVI posed a stronger inhibition leading to deformed cells and cytosol leakage in 15% of cells. Transcriptomic analysis confirmed the stronger physiological effect of nZVI (7,380 differentially expressed genes [DEGs]) than nFe3O4 (4,601 DEGs) after 1 h. nZVI (but not nFe3O4) caused increased DNA repair and replication, while deactivated carbohydrate-energy metabolisms, mitochondria signaling, and transmembrane ion transport. The defense response of algal cells was immediate to successfully face oxidative stress.
Project description:We treated mESCs with 50mM lactate to examine its impact on mESC epigenome. Interestingly, we found that lactate supplementation stimulated H3K18 lactylation accumulation on a subset of genes, which in turn promoted transcriptional elongation. Our results indicate that lactate supplementation expands transcriptional network of mouse ESCs.
Project description:Gold is widely considered to be a biologically inert element; however, it can elicit a profound biological response in plants. Plants can be exposed to significant levels of this precious metal in the environment from naturally occurring sources, as the result of mining activities or more recently resulting from the escalating use of nanoparticles in industry. In this microarray study we have investigated the gene expression response of Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) to gold. Although the uptake of metal cations by plant transporters is well characterised, little is known about the uptake of gold, which exists in soil predominantly in a zero-valent state (Au0). We used this study to monitor the expression of candidate genes involved in metal uptake and transport. These show the down-regulation of a discreet number of genes known to be involved in the transport of copper, cadmium, nickel and iron.
Project description:Gold is widely considered to be a biologically inert element; however, it can elicit a profound biological response in plants. Plants can be exposed to significant levels of this precious metal in the environment from naturally occurring sources, as the result of mining activities or more recently resulting from the escalating use of nanoparticles in industry. In this microarray study we have investigated the gene expression response of Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) to gold. Although the uptake of metal cations by plant transporters is well characterised, little is known about the uptake of gold, which exists in soil predominantly in a zero-valent state (Au0). We used this study to monitor the expression of candidate genes involved in metal uptake and transport. These show the down-regulation of a discreet number of genes known to be involved in the transport of copper, cadmium, nickel and iron. The experiment comprised three replicate jars of hydropnically-grown Arabidopsis, each treated with 0.125 mM KAuCl4, and three replicate jars of hydropnically-grown Arabidopsis which were treated with water only.
