WGS of Clostridium difficile
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Project description:Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) strains belonging to PCR ribotype 027, PFGE type NAP1, REA type B1 and toxinotype III, termed NAP1/027, have been implicated in the increased frequency of outbreaks of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD) in North America and Europe. The NAP1/027 strains appears to be more virulent with an increased mortality and frequency of relapse. Current European C. difficile microarrays are designed to the first sequenced and annotated C. difficile complete genome - strain 630 (ribotype 12). A high density oligonucleotide microarray was designed to C. difficile 630 (CD630) sequence and extra probes corresponding to two PCR ribotypes O27 strains C. difficile R20291 and QCD-32g58 were also included. Comparative genomic hybridisation was used to identify markers of ribotype 027 strains and markers to identify CD630. Strains hybridised to the array included the most prevalent ribotypes found in the UK and Europe (106 and 001) as well as the emerging hypervirulent ribotype 078.
2010-07-01 | E-MTAB-162 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive, spore-forming enteric anaerobe which can infect humans and a wide variety of animal species. Recently, the incidence and severity of human C. difficile infection has markedly increased. In this study, we evaluated the genomic content of 73 C. difficile strains isolated from humans, horses, cattle, and pigs by comparative genomic hybridization with microarrays containing coding sequences from C. difficile strains 630 and QCD-32g58. The sequenced genome of C. difficile strain 630 was used as a reference to define a candidate core genome of C. difficile and to explore correlations between host origins and genetic diversity. Approximately 16% of the genes in strain 630 were highly conserved among all strains, representing the core complement of functional genes defining C. difficile. Absent or divergent genes in the tested strains were distributed across the entire C. difficile 630 genome and across all the predicted functional categories. Interestingly, certain genes were conserved among strains from a specific host species, but divergent in isolates with other host origins. This information provides insight into the genomic changes which might contribute to host adaptation. Due to a high degree of divergence among C. difficile strains, a core gene list from this study offers the first step toward the construction of diagnostic arrays for C. difficile.
2008-02-01 | GSE9693 | GEO
Project description:Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive, spore-forming enteric anaerobe which can infect humans and a wide variety of animal species. Recently, the incidence and severity of human C. difficile infection has markedly increased. In this study, we evaluated the genomic content of 73 C. difficile strains isolated from humans, horses, cattle, and pigs by comparative genomic hybridization with microarrays containing coding sequences from C. difficile strains 630 and QCD-32g58. The sequenced genome of C. difficile strain 630 was used as a reference to define a candidate core genome of C. difficile and to explore correlations between host origins and genetic diversity. Approximately 16% of the genes in strain 630 were highly conserved among all strains, representing the core complement of functional genes defining C. difficile. Absent or divergent genes in the tested strains were distributed across the entire C. difficile 630 genome and across all the predicted functional categories. Interestingly, certain genes were conserved among strains from a specific host species, but divergent in isolates with other host origins. This information provides insight into the genomic changes which might contribute to host adaptation. Due to a high degree of divergence among C. difficile strains, a core gene list from this study offers the first step toward the construction of diagnostic arrays for C. difficile.investigated by determining changes in transcript profiles when aerobic steady-state cultures were depleted of air.
2010-12-01 | GSE19343 | GEO
Project description:Clostridium difficile is an anaerobic spore-forming rod-shaped gram-positive bacterium that can infect both humans and animals. Most studies on the pathogenesis of C. difficile have focused on its toxins and their effect on the host cells. Recently, we utilized microarrays to identify conserved and divergent genes associated with virulence in C. difficile isolates from humans and animals. Our data provided the first clue toward a complex mechanism underlying host adaptation and pathogenesis. Microarray technology offers an efficient high-throughput tool to study the transcriptional profiles of pathogens and infected host cells. Transcriptomes of C. difficile after exposure to environmental and antibiotic stresses and those of human epithelial colorectal Caco-2 cells upon TcdA treatment have been analyzed. To our knowledge, there are still no reports on the transcriptomic study of host-pathogen interactions for C. difficile infection (CDI). In vitro analyses of interplay between host and pathogen are essential to unravel the mechanisms of infection and to investigate the host response to infection. We therefore employed microarrays to study both bacterial and human cellular transcriptome kinetics during CDI to Caco-2 cells. Here we present a large-scale analysis of transcriptional profiles to reveal molecular determinants playing a role in C. difficile pathogenesis and the host response. We found that there were 254 and 224 differentially-expressed genes after CDI in C. difficile and Caco-2 cells, respectively. These genes are clustered according to their functional categories and their potential roles in pathogenesis and host response are discussed. Our results will not only increase our understanding on the host-pathogen interaction, but may also provide targets for drug development. Clostridium difficile: Control vs Infection (time course) mRNA with genomic DNA of tested and reference strains Caco-2 cells: Control vs Infected with Clostridium difficile Time-course experiments of Caco-2 cells infected with C. difficile for 30, 60 and 120 min
2010-08-07 | E-GEOD-18407 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Toxin A and B from Clostridium difficile are the primary virulence factors in Clostridium difficile disease. The changes in gene transcription of human colon epithelial cells were investigated in vitro in order to better understand the many effects of both toxins.
2012-01-06 | GSE29008 | GEO
Project description:BACKGROUND: miRNA have been shown to play an important role during immune-mediated diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to assess differential expression of miRNA between uninfected and infected mice with Clostridium difficile strain VPI 10463 RESULTS: MicroRNA (miRNA)-sequencing analysis indicated that miR-146b, miR-1940, and miR-1298 were significantly overexpressed in colons of C. difficile-infected mice Colon of uninfected and C.difficile-infected C57BL6/J WT mice were sampled at day 4 post-infection with Clostridium difficile VPI 10463. The infection dose was 107 cfu/mouse.
2012-07-11 | E-GEOD-39235 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Primary outcome(s): The incidence of postoperative diarrhea, high ostomy output and Clostridium difficile infection, and relationship of diarrhea and postoperative complication in colectomy patients with colorectal cancer
| 2637468 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection has been steadily rising over the past decade. Its increased rate is associated with the specific NAP1/BI/027 strains which are “hypervirulent” and have led to several large outbreaks since their emergence. However, the relation between their outbreaks and virulence regulation mechanisms remains unclear. It has been reported that the major virulence factor TcdA and TcdB in C. difficile could be repressed by cysteine. Here, we investigated functional and virulence-associated regulation of C. difficile R20291 in response to cysteine stress by using a time-resolved genome-wide transcriptional analysis. Dramatic changes of gene expression in C. difficile were revealed in functional categories related to transport, metabolism, and regulators under cysteine stress during different phases of growth.
2020-12-12 | GSE107961 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptional analysis of Clostridium difficile R20291 in biofilm formation, planktonic state and grown on blood agar RNA sequencing was performed on Clostridium difficile R20291 in three different conditions: Biofilm formation, plantonic state and grown on blood agar plates. Each condtion has 3 replicates.
2016-05-18 | E-GEOD-69001 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Global transcriptional control by the transcriptional regulator SinR in Clostridium difficile
2018-12-25 | GSE100946 | GEO