Microbial community in biogas reactors reactors
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Project description:Metagenomic analysis with long and short reads of 20 biogas reactors
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Project description:Long-term monitoring reveals stable and remarkably similar microbial communities in parallel full-scale biogas reactors digesting energy crops
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Project description:Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and Beet soil-borne mosaic virus (BSBMV) belong to the genus Benyvirus. Both viruses share a similar genome organization, but disease development induced in their major host plant sugar beet displays striking differences. BNYVV induces excessive lateral root (LR) formation by hijacking auxin-regulated pathways; whereas BSBMV infected roots appear asymptomatic. To elucidate transcriptomic changes associated with the virus-specific disease development of BNYVV and BSBMV, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis of a virus infected susceptible sugar beet genotype.
2019-11-06 | E-MTAB-8187 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The functional diversity of soil microbial communities was explored for a poplar plantation, which was treated solely with biogas slurry, or combined with biochar at different fertilization intensities over several years.
2020-03-30 | GSE133800 | GEO
Project description:Biogas batch reactors, mesophilic Targeted Locus (Loci)
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Project description:Two-stage two-phase biogas reactor systems consisting each of one batch downflow hydrolysis reactor (HR, vol. 10 L), one process fluid storage tank (vol. 10 L), and one downstream upflow anaerobic filter reactor (AF, vol. 10 L), were operated at mesophilic (M, 37 °C) and thermophilic (T, 55 °C) temperatures and over a period of > 750 d (Figure 1, Additional file 1). For each reactor system and for each process temperature, two replicates were conducted in parallel, denominated further as biological replicates. Further process details were as previously published. Start-up of all fermenters were performed using liquid fermenter material from a biogas plant converting cattle manure in co-digestion with grass and maize silage and other biomass at varying concentrations and at mesophilic temperatures. Silage of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was digested as sole substrate in batches of varying amounts with retention times of 28 d (storage of bale silage at -20 °C, cutting length 3 cm, volatile substances (VS) 32 % of fresh mass (FM), total Kjeldahl nitrogen 7.6 g kgFM-1, NH4+-N 0.7 g kgFM-1, acetic acid 2.6 g kgFM-1, propionic acid < 0.04 g kgFM-1, lactic acid 2.6 g kgFM-1, ethanol 2.2 g kgFM-1, C/N ratio 19.3, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 357.7 g kgFM-1, analysis of chemical properties according to [6]. No spoilage was observed in the silage. Biogas yields were calculated as liters normalized to 0 °C and 1013 hPa (LN) per kilogram volatile substances (kgVS). For chemical analysis, samples were taken from the effluents of HR and AF. For sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicon libraries, microbial metagenomes, and microbial metatranscriptomes, samples were taken from the silage digestate in the HR digested for 2 d. At this time point, high AD rates were detected as indicated by the fast increase of volatile fatty acids (VFA), e.g., acetic acid. Sampling was performed at two different organic loading rates (OLR), i.e., batch-fermentation of 500 g (denominated as “low OLR”, samples MOLR500 and TOLR500) and 1,500 g silage (denominated as “increased OLR”, samples MOLR1500 and TOLR1500).
2019-04-19 | E-MTAB-7533 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Sugar beet is an important root crop, accounting for 30 % of the sugar production worldwide. The long growing season make sugar beets exposed to a range of plant pathogens for longer periods than most other crops. Here, contrasting sugar beet genotypes were used for transcriptome analysis to reveal differential responses and new defense genes to Rhizoctonia solani, a soilborn fungal pathogen. Results: After curation of primary RNA-sequencing reads, 16,768 genes deriving from 36 samples composed of two susceptible and two resistant sugar beet genotypes, three time-points (0, two and five days post inoculation), each in three replicates were subjected for analysis. Among the elevated 217 transcripts at 2 dpi, three resistance-like genes (Bv4_088600_cumk, Bv8u_204980_frqg, and Bv_44840_iifo) were activated. By employing edgeR package statistics, 660 genes were significantly different (false discovery rate < 0.05) between resistant and susceptible genotypes in their response to R. solani inoculation. A combination of eukaryotic orthologous group assignments and gene ontology enrichment analyses, revealed three Bet v I/Major latex protein homologous genes (Bv7_162510_pymu, Bv7_162520_etow, Bv_27270_xeas) in the resistant genotypes after five days of fungal challenge. Co-expression network analysis of differentially expressed sugar beet genes further identified a MYB46 transcription factor, a plant disease resistance response protein (DRR206) and a flavonoid o-methyltransferase protein. MYB46 has a key function in secondary cell wall formation and exist as a singleton in the sugar beet genome. The genome of R. solani is enriched in cell wall degrading enzyme encoding genes and it is anticipated that they represent important virulence factors. Compared to Arabidopsis thaliana, sugar beet has 2.4-fold more carbohydrate esterases and particularly large numbers (26-fold) of auxiliary activity encoding genes whose function in cell wall biosynthesis is largely unknown. Conclusions: Based on components identified in this sugar beet transcript data set we conclude that defense responses to R. solani are attributed to a wide range of gene categories but functional information is missing to a large extent. This calls for careful integration to avoid negative side effects to obtain optimal combinations of these traits in order to reach the long-term goal of improved resistance in sugar beet.
2017-12-22 | GSE92859 | GEO
Project description:Biomethane production from sugar beet pulp under cocultivation with Clostridium cellulovorans and methanogens
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