Project description:Large-scale gene expression affected by salt stress was analyzed with tomato seedlings (Lycoperson esculentum Mill cv. Money Maker) by a cDNA microarray (Tom1). The significantly differentially expressed genes (5% Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate) consisted of 1757 sequences in the analyzed tissues (cotyledons + shoot tip). Genes with over 2 fold difference were selected from the list and further categorized into different function and cellular processes. Tomato homologous genes for the chaperone proteins, antioxidant enzymes (catalase and peroxidase), and ion transporters (Na+-driven multidrug efflux pump, vacuolar ATPase, and others) were induced. The ACC oxidase and ethylene-responsive gene tomato homologs had higher transcript level after salt treatment. Multiple members with different expression patterns were identified for the bZIP, WRKY, and MADS-box transcription regulator. Different genes in the signal transduction pathway, such as the protein kinases (Shaggy kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase, ethylene receptor neverripe, and others), protein phosphatases, calmodulin, G-protein, and the N- myristoyltransferase, were regulated by salt stress. Most of the protease and the inhibitor homologs were suppressed by salt stress. In addition, different isoforms of cytochrome P450, genes for polyamine biosynthesis (putrescine and proline) and detoxification compounds (glutathione and thioredoxin), several key enzyme genes in the metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids, were also affected by salt treatment. This study has provided a set of candidate genes, especially those in the regulatory machinery that can be further investigated to define salt stress in tomato and other plant species. Keywords: treatment response Effect of 75mM NaCl on gene’s expression in tomato seedlings, Lycoperscon esculentum Mill. cv. Money Maker after 17 d of treatment. Each sample represents a pool of same tissue 20 seedlings grown in two flasks. Experiment was done in triplicate.

Project description:Understanding the genetic basis of plants’ response to environmental stresses such as drought and salinity is vital for improving the future crop productivity and for deciphering the evolutionary mechanisms of adaptation and speciation. Here, we screened for genes and functional groups that are potentially involved in drought tolerance in tomato by comparing genome-wide transcriptome profiles of drought-sensitive S. lycopersicum and drought-tolerant S. pimpinellifolium populations under control and water deficit conditions. We also compared the transcriptome profiles from this study and a previous salt treatment study to investigate expression similarities and differences in gene expression patterns between water and salt stress responses, which are physiologically and biochemically similar. Stress-induced genes such as dehydration responsive element binding (DREB) protein, ABA-response element binding factor (AREB)-like protein, heat shock proteins, and chaperones were commonly up-regulated in S. lycopersicum and S. pimpinellifolium. Genes such as WRKY transcription factors and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase exhibited striking differences in both the baseline expression under the control condition as well as expression changes in response to water deficit, suggesting that the two species have accumulated heritable differences in gene expression patterns. At the genome scale, there was a tendency that down-regulated genes in S. lycopersicum are more neutral or even up-regulated in S. pimpinellifolium, suggesting that S. pimpinellifolium may be able to maintain cellular activities during prolonged droughts. In comparison of water and salt stress responses, known stress-induced genes such as DREB protein, AREB-like protein, and nine-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) were commonly up-regulated in response to these stresses. However, we also found fundamental differences between these stress responses in terms of genome-wide expression patterns, partly attributable to the difference in how these stresses were applied during the experiments.

Project description:Understanding the genetic basis of plants’ response to environmental stresses such as drought and salinity is vital for improving the future crop productivity and for deciphering the evolutionary mechanisms of adaptation and speciation. Here, we screened for genes and functional groups that are potentially involved in drought tolerance in tomato by comparing genome-wide transcriptome profiles of drought-sensitive S. lycopersicum and drought-tolerant S. pimpinellifolium populations under control and water deficit conditions. We also compared the transcriptome profiles from this study and a previous salt treatment study to investigate expression similarities and differences in gene expression patterns between water and salt stress responses, which are physiologically and biochemically similar. Stress-induced genes such as dehydration responsive element binding (DREB) protein, ABA-response element binding factor (AREB)-like protein, heat shock proteins, and chaperones were commonly up-regulated in S. lycopersicum and S. pimpinellifolium. Genes such as WRKY transcription factors and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase exhibited striking differences in both the baseline expression under the control condition as well as expression changes in response to water deficit, suggesting that the two species have accumulated heritable differences in gene expression patterns. At the genome scale, there was a tendency that down-regulated genes in S. lycopersicum are more neutral or even up-regulated in S. pimpinellifolium, suggesting that S. pimpinellifolium may be able to maintain cellular activities during prolonged droughts. In comparison of water and salt stress responses, known stress-induced genes such as DREB protein, AREB-like protein, and nine-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) were commonly up-regulated in response to these stresses. However, we also found fundamental differences between these stress responses in terms of genome-wide expression patterns, partly attributable to the difference in how these stresses were applied during the experiments. We compared Affymetrix microarray transcriptome profiles of root tissues from three natural populations each of S. lycopersicum and S. pimpinellifolium (3-4 individuals in each population as biological replicates under control (well-watered) and water deficit treatments.

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Solanum lycopersicum

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