Cross-species comparison of C/EBPα and PPARγ profiles in mouse and human adipocytes reveals interdependent retention of binding sites
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PROVIDER: PRJNA137049 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:We used chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with deep sequencing to map all binding sites of C/EBPα and PPARγ in human SGBS adipocytes and compared these with the genome-wide profiles from mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes to systematically investigate what biological features correlate with retention of sites in orthologous regions between mouse and human. Despite a limited interspecies retention of binding sites, several biological features make sites more likely to be retained. First, co-binding of PPARγ and C/EBPα in mouse is the most powerful predictor of retention of the corresponding binding sites in human. Second, vicinity to genes highly upregulated during adipogenesis significantly increases retention. Third, the presence of C/EBPα consensus sites correlate with retention of both factors, indicating that C/EBPα facilitates recruitment of PPARγ. Fourth, retention correlates with overall sequence conservation within the binding regions independent of C/EBPα and PPARγ sequence patterns, indicating that other transcription factors work cooperatively with these two key transcription factors. C/EBPα and PPARγ ChIP-seq in mouse 3T3-L1 and human SGBS adipocytes.
2011-02-23 | E-GEOD-27450 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We used chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with deep sequencing to map all binding sites of C/EBPα and PPARγ in human SGBS adipocytes and compared these with the genome-wide profiles from mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes to systematically investigate what biological features correlate with retention of sites in orthologous regions between mouse and human. Despite a limited interspecies retention of binding sites, several biological features make sites more likely to be retained. First, co-binding of PPARγ and C/EBPα in mouse is the most powerful predictor of retention of the corresponding binding sites in human. Second, vicinity to genes highly upregulated during adipogenesis significantly increases retention. Third, the presence of C/EBPα consensus sites correlate with retention of both factors, indicating that C/EBPα facilitates recruitment of PPARγ. Fourth, retention correlates with overall sequence conservation within the binding regions independent of C/EBPα and PPARγ sequence patterns, indicating that other transcription factors work cooperatively with these two key transcription factors.
2011-02-23 | GSE27450 | GEO
Project description:We took a systematic approach to determine the transcriptional programs that are specifically regulated by C/EBPα in mature white adipocytes of mice on chow diet or high fat diet. The hypothesis tested in the present study was that C/EBPα, as a lipogenic transcription factor, has unique direct targets compared to PPARγ. Our inducible adipocyte specific knockout system allows us to test the direct targets of C/EBPα and PPARγ in adipocytes by short-term C/EBPα or PPARγ elimination in mature adipocytes in vivo. Results indicate that although it has been shown that C/EBPα and PPARγ cross-regulate each other, they have distinct direct responsive targets. Moreover, there are very few C/EBPα specific targets in mice on a chow diet, most of the C/EBPα targets in mature adipocytes are genes modulated by HFD feeding.
2014-11-04 | GSE62937 | GEO
Project description:Here we report, for the first time, the acute effects of the synthetic PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone on the transcriptional network of PPARγ in adipocytes. Treatment with Rosiglitazone for 1 hour leads to acute transcriptional activation as well as repression of a number of genes as determined by genome-wide RNA polymerase II occupancy. Unlike what has been shown for many other nuclear receptors, agonist treatment does not lead to major changes in the occurrence of PPARγ binding sites. However, rosiglitazone promotes PPARγ occupancy at many preexisting sites, and this is paralleled by increased occupancy of the mediator subunit MED1. The increase in PPARγ and MED1 binding is correlated with an increase in transcription of nearby genes indicating that rosiglitazone, in addition to activating the receptor, also promotes its association with DNA, and that this is causally linked to recruitment of mediator and activation of genes. Notably, both Rosiglitazone-activated and -repressed genes are induced during adipogenesis. However, Rosiglitazone-activated genes are markedly more associated with PPARγ than repressed genes and are highly dependent on PPARγ for expression in adipocytes. By contrast, repressed genes are associated with the other key adipocyte transcription factor CCAAT-Enhancer binding protein (C/EBPα), and their expression is more dependent on C/EBPα. This suggests that the relative occupancies of PPARγ and C/EBPα are critical for whether genes will be induced or repressed by PPARγ agonist. Examination of binding of PPARγ, C/EBPα, RNAPII, CBP and MED1 in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with 1 μM Rosiglitazone and/or 0.1% DMSO for 1 hour.
2013-08-01 | E-GEOD-49423 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Here we report, for the first time, the acute effects of the synthetic PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone on the transcriptional network of PPARγ in adipocytes. Treatment with Rosiglitazone for 1 hour leads to acute transcriptional activation as well as repression of a number of genes as determined by genome-wide RNA polymerase II occupancy. Unlike what has been shown for many other nuclear receptors, agonist treatment does not lead to major changes in the occurrence of PPARγ binding sites. However, rosiglitazone promotes PPARγ occupancy at many preexisting sites, and this is paralleled by increased occupancy of the mediator subunit MED1. The increase in PPARγ and MED1 binding is correlated with an increase in transcription of nearby genes indicating that rosiglitazone, in addition to activating the receptor, also promotes its association with DNA, and that this is causally linked to recruitment of mediator and activation of genes. Notably, both Rosiglitazone-activated and -repressed genes are induced during adipogenesis. However, Rosiglitazone-activated genes are markedly more associated with PPARγ than repressed genes and are highly dependent on PPARγ for expression in adipocytes. By contrast, repressed genes are associated with the other key adipocyte transcription factor CCAAT-Enhancer binding protein (C/EBPα), and their expression is more dependent on C/EBPα. This suggests that the relative occupancies of PPARγ and C/EBPα are critical for whether genes will be induced or repressed by PPARγ agonist.
2013-08-01 | GSE49423 | GEO
Project description:Here we have characterized the transcriptional processes underlying the formation of human brown in white (i.e. brite) adipocytes using a genome-wide approach. We show that the browning process is associated with reprogramming of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) binding to form brite adipocyte-selective PPARγ super-enhancers that appear to play a key role in activation of brite adipocyte-selective genes. We identify the KLF11 gene based on its association with a PPARγ super-enhancer and show that KLF11 is a novel browning factor directly induced by rosiglitazone and required for the activation of brite adipocyte-selective gene program by rosiglitazone. Genome-wide profiling of Dnase I hypersenstive (DHS) sites, epigenomic marks, transcription factor and co-factor binding, and gene expression in hMADS white and brite adipocytes
2014-12-12 | E-GEOD-59703 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Here we have characterized the transcriptional processes underlying the formation of human brown in white (i.e. brite) adipocytes using a genome-wide approach. We show that the browning process is associated with reprogramming of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) binding to form brite adipocyte-selective PPARγ super-enhancers that appear to play a key role in activation of brite adipocyte-selective genes. We identify the KLF11 gene based on its association with a PPARγ super-enhancer and show that KLF11 is a novel browning factor directly induced by rosiglitazone and required for the activation of brite adipocyte-selective gene program by rosiglitazone.
2014-12-12 | GSE59703 | GEO
Project description:We analyzed ChIP-seq profiles for H3K4me3, H3K27ac, BRG1, ARID1A, PPARγ and JMJD1A and FAIRE-seq open chromatin profile in immortalized brown adipocytes (iBATs) treated with 1 μM isporoterenol (ISO) or vehicle for 2 hr
2015-04-15 | GSE67586 | GEO
Project description:Cofactors interacting with PPARγ can regulate adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism by modulating the transcriptional activity and selectivity of PPARγ signaling. ZFP407 was previously demonstrated to regulate PPARγ target genes such as GLUT4, and its overexpression improved glucose homeostasis in mice. Here, using a series of molecular assays, including protein-interaction studies, mutagenesis, and ChIP-seq, ZFP407 was found to interact with the PPARγ/RXRα protein complex in the nucleus of adipocytes. Consistent with this observation, ZFP407 ChIP-seq peaks significantly overlapped with PPARγ ChIP-seq peaks, with more than half of ZFP407 peaks overlapping with PPARγ peaks. Transcription factor binding motifs enriched in these overlapping sites included CTCF, RARα/RXRγ, TP73, and ELK1, which regulate cellular development and function within adipocytes. Site-directed mutagenesis of frequent PPARγ phosphorylation or SUMOylation sites did not prevent its regulation by ZFP407, while mutagenesis of ZFP407 domains potentially necessary for RXR and PPARγ binding abrogated any impact of ZFP407 on PPARγ activity. These data suggest that ZFP407 controls the activity of PPARγ, but does so independently of post-translational modifications, likely by direct binding, establishing ZFP407 as a newly identified PPARγ cofactor. In addition, ZFP407 ChIP-seq analyses identified regions that did not overlap with PPARγ peaks. These non-overlapping peaks were significantly enriched for the transcription factor binding motifs of TBX19, PAX8, HSF4, and ZKSCAN3, which may contribute to the PPARγ-independent functions of ZFP407 in adipocytes and other cell types.
2024-02-27 | GSE245861 | GEO
Project description:Increased antigen cross-presentation but impaired cross-priming after activation of PPARγ is mediated by up-regulation of B7H1 Dendritic cells (DCs) are able to take up exogenous antigens and present antigen-derived peptides on MHC class I molecules, a process termed cross-presentation. The mannose receptor (MR), an endocytic receptor expressed on a variety of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), has been demonstrated to target soluble antigens exclusively towards cross-presentation. In this study, we investigated the role of the murine nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a ligand-activated transcription factor with immunomodulatory properties, in MR-mediated endocytosis and cross-presentation of the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA). We could demonstrate both in vitro and in vivo that activation of PPARγ resulted in increased MR expression, which in consequence led to enhanced MR-mediated endocytosis and elevated cross-presentation of soluble OVA. Concomitantly, activation of PPARγ in DCs induced up-regulation of the co-inhibitory molecule B7H1, which, despite enhanced cross-presentation, caused an impaired activation of naive OVA-specific CD8+ T cells and the induction of T cell tolerance. These data provide a mechanistic basis for the immunomodulatory action of PPARγ which might open new possibilities in development of therapeutical approaches aimed at the control of excessive immune responses, e.g. in T cell-mediated autoimmunity.
2009-06-19 | GSE15616 | GEO