Genomic maps of lincRNA occupancy reveal principles of RNA-chromatin interactions.
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PROVIDER: PRJNA146003 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) are key regulators of chromatin state, yet the nature and sites of RNA-chromatin interaction are mostly unknown. Here we introduce Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification (ChIRP), where tiling oligonucleotides retrieve specific lincRNAs and bound protein and DNA sequences, which are enumerated by deep sequencing. ChIRP-seq of two lincRNAs reveal that RNA binding sites in the genome are focal, sequence-specific, and numerous. Human telomerase RNA TERC occupies telomeres and Wnt pathway genes. HOTAIR lincRNA preferentially binds a GA-rich homopurine DNA motif to nucleate broad domains of Polycomb occupancy and histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation. HOTAIR occupancy occurs independently of EZH2, defining the order of RNA guidance of Polycomb occupancy. ChIRP-seq is readily applicable to numerous RNAs in different cell types and biological states, thus enabling the study of RNA regulation of chromatin and gene expression at a genomic scale. Examination of 3 lincRNAs in 5 cell types
2011-09-29 | E-GEOD-31332 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) are key regulators of chromatin state, yet the nature and sites of RNA-chromatin interaction are mostly unknown. Here we introduce Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification (ChIRP), where tiling oligonucleotides retrieve specific lincRNAs and bound protein and DNA sequences, which are enumerated by deep sequencing. ChIRP-seq of two lincRNAs reveal that RNA binding sites in the genome are focal, sequence-specific, and numerous. Human telomerase RNA TERC occupies telomeres and Wnt pathway genes. HOTAIR lincRNA preferentially binds a GA-rich homopurine DNA motif to nucleate broad domains of Polycomb occupancy and histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation. HOTAIR occupancy occurs independently of EZH2, defining the order of RNA guidance of Polycomb occupancy. ChIRP-seq is readily applicable to numerous RNAs in different cell types and biological states, thus enabling the study of RNA regulation of chromatin and gene expression at a genomic scale.
2011-09-29 | GSE31332 | GEO
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Project description:Characterizing the relationship between genome form and function requires methods both for zooming out, to globally survey the genomic architectural landscape, and for zooming in, to investigate regions of interest at high resolution. High throughput methods based on chromosome conformation capture (3C) have greatly advanced our understanding of the three-dimensional (3D) organization of genomes, but are limited in resolution by their reliance on restriction enzymes. Here we describe a method for comprehensively mapping global chromatin contacts that uses DNaseI for chromatin fragmentation, leading to greatly improved efficiency and resolution. Coupling this method with DNA capture technology provides a high-throughput approach for targeted mapping of fine-scale chromatin architecture. We applied targeted DNase Hi-C to characterize the 3D organization of 1,030 lincRNA promoters in two human cell lines, and identified thousands of high-confidence lincRNA promoter-associated chromatin contacts at 1 kilobase pair (kbp) resolution. Detailed analysis of these contacts reveals that expression of lincRNAs is tightly controlled by complex mechanisms involving both super-enhancers and the polycomb repressive complex. Our results provide the first glimpse of the cell-type-specific 3D organization of lincRNA genes. DNase Hi-C assay (x1 replicate) in H1 and K562 cells, respectively. Targeted DNase Hi-C assays of the 220kb promoter-enhancer library (x1 replicate) and the 5Mb lincRNA promoter library (x2 replicate), in H1 and K562 cells, respectively.
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Project description:Characterizing the relationship between genome form and function requires methods both for zooming out, to globally survey the genomic architectural landscape, and for zooming in, to investigate regions of interest at high resolution. High throughput methods based on chromosome conformation capture (3C) have greatly advanced our understanding of the three-dimensional (3D) organization of genomes, but are limited in resolution by their reliance on restriction enzymes. Here we describe a method for comprehensively mapping global chromatin contacts that uses DNaseI for chromatin fragmentation, leading to greatly improved efficiency and resolution. Coupling this method with DNA capture technology provides a high-throughput approach for targeted mapping of fine-scale chromatin architecture. We applied targeted DNase Hi-C to characterize the 3D organization of 1,030 lincRNA promoters in two human cell lines, and identified thousands of high-confidence lincRNA promoter-associated chromatin contacts at 1 kilobase pair (kbp) resolution. Detailed analysis of these contacts reveals that expression of lincRNAs is tightly controlled by complex mechanisms involving both super-enhancers and the polycomb repressive complex. Our results provide the first glimpse of the cell-type-specific 3D organization of lincRNA genes.
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Project description:There is growing recognition that mammalian cells produce many thousands of large intergenic transcripts. However, the functional significance of these transcripts has been particularly controversial. While there are some well-characterized examples, the vast majority (>95%) show little evidence of evolutionary conservation and have been suggested to represent transcriptional noise. Here, we report a new approach to identifying large non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) by using chromatin-state maps to discover discrete transcriptional units intervening known protein-coding loci. Our approach identified ~1600 large multi-exonic RNAs across four mouse cell types. In sharp contrast to previous collections, these large intervening ncRNAs (lincRNAs) exhibit strong purifying selection in their genomic loci, exonic sequences, and promoter regions – with greater than 95% showing clear evolutionary conservation. We also developed a novel functional genomics approach that assigns putative functions to each lincRNA, revealing a diverse range of roles for lincRNAs in processes from ES pluripotency to cell proliferation. We obtained independent functional validation for the predictions for over 100 lincRNAs, using cell-based assays. In particular, we demonstrate that specific lincRNAs are transcriptionally regulated by key transcription factors in these processes such as p53, NFKB, Sox2, Oc4, and Nanog. Together, these results define a unique collection of functional lincRNAs that are highly conserved and implicated in diverse biological processes. lincRNA expression patterns were generated across a compendium of mouse tissues, cell types, and conditions. lincRNA expression profiles were generated on custom NimbleGen arrays (Samples GSM346609..GSM346650) and correlated with known protein coding genes on Affymetrix gene expression arrays (Samples GSM347910..GSM347943).
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Project description:Here we compare gene expression profiles between lungs taken from a Wild type mouse to lungs from a lincRNA-Cox2 knockout mouse The aim of the experiment is to determine what impact lincRNA-Cox2 has on gene expression within the lung
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