Project description:The autosomal recessive immuno-osseus dysplasia spondyloenchondrodysplasia (SPENCD) is characterised by the variable combination of metaphyseal and vertebral bone lesions, immune dysfunction with features of both autoimmunity and immunodeficiency, and neurological involvement including developmental delay and spasticity with intracranial calcification and leukodystrophy. This transcription profiling study of blood compared four patients to two control subjects. A deficiency of ACP5 encoding tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) was found to cause this skeletal dysplasia demonstrating a type I interferon signature with autoimmunity.

2011-05-05 | E-MEXP-2699 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Antibody Repertoires in CVID

Project description:<p>The data consist of the DNA sequences of antibody gene rearrangements from peripheral blood human B cells of subjects with Common Variable Immune Deficiency (CVID) and healthy controls subjects.</p>

| phs000934 | dbGaP

Pro-inflammatory feedback loops define immune responses to pathogenic lentivirus infection

Project description:HIV causes chronic inflammation and AIDS in humans, though the rate of disease progression varies between individuals. Similarly, simian lentiviruses vary in their pathogenicity based on characteristics of both the host (simian species) and virus strain. Here, we profile immune responses in pig-tailed macaques infected with variants of SIV that differ in virulence to understand the immune mechanisms underlying lentiviral pathogenicity. Compared to a minimally pathogenic lentiviral variant, infection with a highly pathogenic variant results in a more delayed, broad, and sustained activation of inflammatory pathways, including an extensive global interferon signature. Conversely, individual cells infected with highly pathogenic lentivirus upregulated fewer interferon-stimulated genes at a lower magnitude, indicating that highly pathogenic lentivirus has evolved to partially escape from interferon responses. Further, we identified distinct gene co-expression patterns and cell-cell communication pathways that implicate CXCL10 and CXCL16 as important molecular drivers of inflammatory pathways specifically in response to highly pathogenic lentivirus infection. Immune responses to highly pathogenic lentivirus infection are characterized by amplifying regulatory circuits of pro-inflammatory cytokines with dense longitudinal connectivity. Our work presents a model of lentiviral pathogenicity where failures in early viral control mechanisms lead to delayed, sustained, and amplifying pro-inflammatory circuits, which has implications for other viral infections with highly variable disease courses.

2024-01-17 | GSE228688 | GEO

Gene expression in patient and control T cells

Project description:anti-CD3 + anti-CD46 stimulation for 2hr Patient has a mutation in CD46 that leads to reduced cell surface CD46 expression and suffers from episodes of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), common variable immune deficiency (CVID) and recurrent infections

2015-06-01 | GSE69090 | GEO

Progression of whole blood transcriptional signatures from interferon-induced to neutrophil-associated patterns in patients with severe influenza

Project description:Transcriptional profiles are increasingly used to investigate the severity, subtype and pathogenesis of disease. We now describe whole blood RNA signatures and local and systemic immune mediator levels in a large cohort of adults hospitalised with influenza from which extensive clinical and investigational data was obtained. Signatures reflecting interferon-related antiviral pathways were common up to day 4 of symptoms in cases not requiring mechanical ventilatory support; in those needing mechanical ventilation, an inflammatory, activated neutrophil and cell stress/death (‘bacterial’) pattern was seen, even early after disease onset. Identifiable bacterial co-infection was not necessary for this ‘bacterial’ signature but could enhance its development while attenuating the early ‘viral’ signature. Our findings emphasise the importance of timing and severity in the interpretation of transcriptomic profiles and soluble mediator levels, and identify specific patterns of immune activation that may enable the development of novel diagnostics and therapeutics

2018-03-03 | GSE111368 | GEO

A third generation therapeutic vaccine for human visceral leishmaniasis and post kala azar dermal leishmaniasis: first-in-human trial of ChAd63-KH

Project description:Whole blood transcriptomic profiling indicated that CHAd63-KH induced innate immune responses characterized by an interferon signature and the presence of activated dendritic cells.

2017-04-26 | GSE98212 | GEO

Conserved interferon signature between adult and pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis

Project description:Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an allergic inflammatory disease of the esophagus that occurs in both children and adults. Previous studies of affected tissue in pediatric cohorts have identified prominent signatures of eosinophilia and type 2 inflammation. However, the details of the immune response in adults with EoE are still being elucidated. To determine whether EoE in adults shares inflammatory profiles with those observed in children, we performed RNA-sequencing of paired esophageal biopsies and blood samples from adults with EoE or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Unbiased analysis of differentially expressed genes in tissue revealed a strong interferon signature that was significantly enriched in EoE patients as compared to patients with GERD. Both type I and type II interferon responsive genes were upregulated in adult biopsies, but not in blood. A similar increase in expression of interferon gene sets was observed in pediatric EoE biopsies as compared to non-EoE samples, and in public pediatric and adult RNA-sequencing data. Finally, we found that peripheral CD4+ T cells from children with EoE produce IFNG upon activation with EoE-causal allergens. Together, this work identifies a conserved interferon signature in pediatric and adult EoE, highlighting a role for non-type 2 inflammatory networks in the disease process.

2020-08-22 | GSE156651 | GEO