Project description:In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway is required to generate small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that mediate heterochromatic silencing of centromeric repeats. Here we demonstrate that RNAi also functions to repress genomic elements other than constitutive heterochromatin. Using DamID (DNA adenine methyltransferase identification) we show that Dcr1 and Rdp1 physically associate with some euchromatic genes, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes, and retrotransposon long terminal repeats (LTRs), and that this association is independent of the Clr4 histone methyltransferase. Physical association of RNAi with chromatin is sufficient to trigger a silencing response but not to assemble heterochromatin. The mode of silencing at the newly identified RNAi targets is consistent with a co-transcriptional gene silencing model as proposed earlier and functions with trace amounts of siRNAs. We anticipate that similar mechanisms could also be operational in other eukaryotes.
Project description:We tested whether we could increase the population of Rdp1-independent primary siRNAs in fission yeast by overexpressing the Dcr1 ribonuclease. We found that in addition to generation of centromeric siRNAs, which was expected, Dcr1 overexpression also resulted in generation of genome-wide primary siRNAs, mapping to many open reading frames.
Project description:Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are known to be involved in both transposon silencing and centromere function, leading us to investigate the interplay between these two roles in the Schizosaccharomyces lineage. In S. pombe, the centromeric repeats produce dicer-dependent siRNAs that are required for maintenance of centromeric structure, function and transcriptional silencing via Argonaute-dependent heterochromatin formation13. However, transposons are silenced in S. pombe by RNAi-independent mechanisms and do not produce abundant siRNAs. To investigate whether centromere-directed siRNA production is conserved within the transposon-rich centromeres of S. japonicus, we isolated and sequenced small RNAs from log-phase S. japonicus cultures. The small RNAs have a modal size of 23 nucleotides and 94% map to transposons, both telomeric and centromeric.