Project description:We report the RNA profiles of both control and talpid2 frontonasal, maxillary, and mandibular prominences of the chick face at Hamburger and Hamilton (HH) stage 25. For more details please see: "The cellular and molecular etiology of the craniofacial defects in the avian ciliopathic mutant, talpid2." Facial prominences (frontonasal, maxillary, and mandibular) from 8 control and 8 talpid2 HH 25 embryos were harvested, pooled, and RNA-seq was preformed on samples.
Project description:The face is one of the three regions most frequently affected by congenital defects in humans. In order to understand the molecular mechanisms involved it is necessary to have a more complete picture of gene expression in the embryo. Here we use microarrays to profile expression in chicken facial prominences, post neural crest migration and prior to differentiation of mesenchymal cells. Chip-wide analysis revealed that maxillary and mandibular prominences had similar expression profiles while the frontonasal mass chips were distinct. Of the 3094 genes that were differentially expressed in one or more regions of the face, a group of 56 genes was subsequently validated with quantitative PCR and a subset examined with in situ hybridization. Microarrays trends were consistent with the QPCR data for the majority of genes (81%). On the basis of QPCR and microarray data, groups of genes that characterize each of the facial prominences can be determined. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression underlying facial morphogensis Experiment Overall Design: Chicken embryos were selected at a stage after neural crest cells have ceased migration, when facial prominences have formed and prior to ctyodifferentiation of cartilage, bone, muscle. Microdissection was used to isolate facial prominences. Embryos were dissected on ice in Hanks Buffered Salt Solution and batches of 26-32 pieces were snap frozen in liquid Nitrogen. These pooled facial prominences comprised one biological replicate. A total of three biological replicates were generated for the frontonasal mass, maxillary and mandibular prominences.
Project description:Neo/null loss of Tfap2a in E10.5 mouse facial prominences triplicate run comparing tissue dissected from the nasal, maxillary and mandibular comparing AP-2 mutant and control embryos
Project description:To investigate the molecular mechanisms that lead to CL/P in Esrp1-/- mice, we performed RNA-Seq using RNAs collected from both epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells from control and Esrp1-/- embryos. We used a previously described method to separate facial ectoderm and mesenchyme from facial prominences at E12.0, a stage at which lip fusion is underway (Li and Williams, 2013). We collected pooled paired ectoderm and mesenchyme samples to obtain sufficient material for four replicates each of ectoderm and mesenchyme fractions from WT and Esrp1-/- embryos and prepared total RNA for RNA-Seq. We used paired end sequencing and obtained deep coverage with an average of 100 million read pairs per replicate. Preliminary analysis of transcripts per million (TPM) values in the RNA-Seq analysis from epithelial and mesenchymal control samples validated that they were derived from relatively pure populations of each cell type using a panel of standard epithelial and mesenchymal cell type-specific markers, including Esrp1
Project description:The face is one of the three regions most frequently affected by congenital defects in humans. In order to understand the molecular mechanisms involved it is necessary to have a more complete picture of gene expression in the embryo. Here we use microarrays to profile expression in chicken facial prominences, post neural crest migration and prior to differentiation of mesenchymal cells. Chip-wide analysis revealed that maxillary and mandibular prominences had similar expression profiles while the frontonasal mass chips were distinct. Of the 3094 genes that were differentially expressed in one or more regions of the face, a group of 56 genes was subsequently validated with quantitative PCR and a subset examined with in situ hybridization. Microarrays trends were consistent with the QPCR data for the majority of genes (81%). On the basis of QPCR and microarray data, groups of genes that characterize each of the facial prominences can be determined. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression underlying facial morphogensis keyword: craniofacial
Project description:Growth and patterning of the face relies on several small buds of tissue, the facial prominences, which surround the primitive mouth. Beginning around E10 of mouse development the prominences undergo rapid growth and morphogenesis. By E11.5 the medial nasal prominences are in close apposition in the midline, as are the maxillary and medial nasal prominences on either side of the developing face. Subsequently, by E12.5 the nasal and maxillary prominences fuse to form a continuous shelf at the front of the face - the primary palate. Individual prominences are associated with specific developmental processes, and this is reflected by patterns of differential gene expression that give the prominences their unique identities. Thus, only the mandibular and maxillary prominences give rise to dentition while the frontonasal prominence has a unique role in olfaction, and the mandibular prominence in taste. We used microarrays to detail the differential gene expression program in each of the mandibular, maxillary, and frontonasal prominences during the key developmental timepoints of E10.0 through E12.5. Experiment Overall Design: Analysis of gene expression during growth and fusion of the facial prominences in the C57BL/6J mouse strain between embryonic (E) day 10.0 and 12.5. At the earliest timepoint, E10, only the mandibular prominence is a distinct entity that can be readily identified and dissected. The frontonasal prominence and the maxillary prominence are very small and not discrete from other components of the head such as the forebrain until E10.5. Analysis of these tissues at earlier timepoints would require laser capture and preamplification steps - techniques that were not used for the later timepoints. Thus samples were isolated from the mandibular prominence at E10.0 and from the mandibular, maxillary and frontonasal prominences of mouse embryos from E10.5 to E12.5, at 0.5 day intervals. In order to obtain sufficient sample for hybridization, each sample represents a pool of between 3 and 48 embryos depending on the timepoint. Specifically, the number of embryos were 40-48 for E10.0 (mandibular prominence only), 24-8 for E10.5, 8-9 for E11.0 and E11.5 and 3-4 for E12.0 and E12.5. Seven replicate samples were taken for each of the later five timepoints in each of the three prominences, with an additional seven samples for the mandibular E10.0 timepoint, for a total of 112 samples.
Project description:Growth and patterning of the face relies on several small buds of tissue, the facial prominences, which surround the primitive mouth. Beginning around E10 of mouse development the prominences undergo rapid growth and morphogenesis. By E11.5 the medial nasal prominences are in close apposition in the midline, as are the maxillary and medial nasal prominences on either side of the developing face. Subsequently, by E12.5 the nasal and maxillary prominences fuse to form a continuous shelf at the front of the face - the primary palate. Individual prominences are associated with specific developmental processes, and this is reflected by patterns of differential gene expression that give the prominences their unique identities. Thus, only the mandibular and maxillary prominences give rise to dentition while the frontonasal prominence has a unique role in olfaction, and the mandibular prominence in taste. We used microarrays to detail the differential gene expression program in each of the mandibular, maxillary, and frontonasal prominences during the key developmental timepoints of E10.0 through E12.5. Keywords: time course