Project description:Dendritic-cell (DC) maturation involves substantial remodeling of their gene-expression program. Most research has focused on inducible gene-expression networks promoting the acquisition of new functions, such as cytokine production and enhanced T-cell-stimulatory capacity. In contrast, mechanisms that modulate DC-function by inducing gene silencing remain poorly understood. Here we describe a novel primary epigenetic-silencing response that makes major contributions to the DC-maturation process. The repressed genes function in pivotal processes - including antigen-presentation, extracellular-signal detection, signal-transduction and lipid-mediator biosynthesis - underscoring the central contribution of the silencing mechanism to rapid reshaping of DC-function. Interestingly, promoters of the repressed genes exhibit a surprisingly high frequency of PU.1-occupied sites, suggesting a novel role for this transcription factor in marking genes poised for inducible repression Analysis of PU.1 binding sites in mo-DC
Project description:Dendritic-cell (DC) maturation involves substantial remodeling of their gene-expression program. Most research has focused on inducible gene-expression networks promoting the acquisition of new functions, such as cytokine production and enhanced T-cell-stimulatory capacity. In contrast, mechanisms that modulate DC-function by inducing gene silencing remain poorly understood. Here we describe a novel primary epigenetic-silencing response that makes major contributions to the DC-maturation process. The repressed genes function in pivotal processes - including antigen-presentation, extracellular-signal detection, signal-transduction and lipid-mediator biosynthesis - underscoring the central contribution of the silencing mechanism to rapid reshaping of DC-function. Interestingly, promoters of the repressed genes exhibit a surprisingly high frequency of PU.1-occupied sites, suggesting a novel role for this transcription factor in marking genes poised for inducible repression
Project description:Dendritic-cell (DC) maturation involves substantial remodeling of their gene-expression program. Most research has focused on inducible gene-expression networks promoting the acquisition of new functions, such as cytokine production and enhanced T-cell-stimulatory capacity. In contrast, mechanisms that modulate DC-function by inducing gene silencing remain poorly understood. Here we describe a novel primary epigenetic-silencing response that makes major contributions to the DC-maturation process. The repressed genes function in pivotal processes - including antigen-presentation, extracellular-signal detection, signal-transduction and lipid-mediator biosynthesis - underscoring the central contribution of the silencing mechanism to rapid reshaping of DC-function. Interestingly, promoters of the repressed genes exhibit a surprisingly high frequency of PU.1-occupied sites, suggesting a novel role for this transcription factor in marking genes poised for inducible repression
Project description:Dendritic-cell (DC) maturation involves substantial remodeling of their gene-expression program. Most research has focused on inducible gene-expression networks promoting the acquisition of new functions, such as cytokine production and enhanced T-cell-stimulatory capacity. In contrast, mechanisms that modulate DC-function by inducing gene silencing remain poorly understood. Here we describe a novel primary epigenetic-silencing response that makes major contributions to the DC-maturation process. The repressed genes function in pivotal processes - including antigen-presentation, extracellular-signal detection, signal-transduction and lipid-mediator biosynthesis - underscoring the central contribution of the silencing mechanism to rapid reshaping of DC-function. Interestingly, promoters of the repressed genes exhibit a surprisingly high frequency of PU.1-occupied sites, suggesting a novel role for this transcription factor in marking genes poised for inducible repression
Project description:<p>Small cell carcinoma of the ovary-hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is a rare and aggressive form of ovarian cancer afflicting young women at a median age of 24 years. SCCOHTs are characterized by loss of protein expression of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling ATPases SMARCA4 and SMARCA2 through mutation and epigenetic silencing, respectively. This study aims to establish gene expression profiles of this cancer through RNA-Seq of four pathologically confirmed cases of SCCOHT tumors.</p>
Project description:Dendritic cell (DC) maturation is a prerequisite for the induction of adaptive immune responses against pathogens and cancer. Transcription factor (TF) networks control differential aspects of early DC progenitor versus late stage DC cell fate decisions. Here, we identified the TF C/EBPβ as a key regulator for DC maturation and immunogenic functionality under homeostatic and lymphoma-transformed conditions. Gene expression profiles of splenic C/EBPβ-/- DCs showed a strong downregulation of E2F cell cycle target genes, whereas signatures of maturation were enriched. In accordance with E2F1 being a negative regulator of DC maturation, C/EBPβ-/- bone marrow-derived DCs matured much faster enabling them to strongly activate T cells. Conversely, the E2F transcriptional pathways were upregulated in lymphoma-exposed DCs and DC maturation was impaired. Pharmacological blockade of C/EBPβ/mTOR signaling in human DCs abrogated their pro-tumorigenic function in B-cell lymphoma co-cultures. Thus, C/EBPβ plays a unique role in DC maturation and functionality and emerges as a key factor of the microenvironment promoting lymphomagenesis.
Project description:Dendritic cell (DC) maturation is a prerequisite for the induction of adaptive immune responses against pathogens and cancer. Transcription factor (TF) networks control differential aspects of early DC progenitor versus late stage DC cell fate decisions. Here, we identified the TF C/EBPβ as a key regulator for DC maturation and immunogenic functionality under homeostatic and lymphoma-transformed conditions. Gene expression profiles of splenic C/EBPβ-/- DCs showed a strong downregulation of E2F cell cycle target genes, whereas signatures of maturation were enriched. In accordance with E2F1 being a negative regulator of DC maturation, C/EBPβ-/- bone marrow-derived DCs matured much faster enabling them to strongly activate T cells. Conversely, the E2F transcriptional pathways were upregulated in lymphoma-exposed DCs and DC maturation was impaired. Pharmacological blockade of C/EBPβ/mTOR signaling in human DCs abrogated their pro-tumorigenic function in B-cell lymphoma co-cultures. Thus, C/EBPβ plays a unique role in DC maturation and functionality and emerges as a key factor of the microenvironment promoting lymphomagenesis.