Project description:Insulin analogues are designed to improve the pharmacokinetic parameters compared to regular human insulin. This provides a sustained control of blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. All novel insulin analogues are tested for their mitogenic side effects, however these assays do not take into account the molecular mode-of-action of different insulin analogues. Insulin analogues can bind the insulin receptor (INSR) and the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) with different affinities and consequently will activate different downstream signaling pathways. Here we used a panel of MCF7 human breast cancer cell lines that selectively express either one of the isoforms of the INSR (IRA or IRB) or the IGF1R. We sought to study the role of the different receptors (IRA, IRB and IGF1R) in the mitogenic signaling of insulin-like molecules (including insulin, glargine, X10 (or AspB10) and IGF1). MCF7 IRA, MCF7 IRB or MCF7 IGF1R cells (as described in Arch Toxicol. 2014 Apr;88(4):953-66. doi: 10.1007/s00204-014-1201-2. Epub 2014 Jan 25.) were cultured in RPMI supplemented with 5% (v/v) CDFBS (Hyclone) and used for experiments. Cells have been exposed for 1 or 6 hours to 10 nM of the indicated insulin-like molecule. As a control sample a vehicle stimulation was performed that contained everything except the active compound.
Project description:Insulin analogues are designed to improve the pharmacokinetic parameters compared to regular human insulin. This provides a sustained control of blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. All novel insulin analogues are tested for their mitogenic side effects, however these assays do not take into account the molecular mode-of-action of different insulin analogues. Insulin analogues can bind the insulin receptor (INSR) and the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) with different affinities and consequently will activate different downstream signaling pathways. Here we used a panel of MCF7 human breast cancer cell lines that selectively express either one of the isoforms of the INSR (IRA or IRB) or the IGF1R. We sought to study the role of the different receptors (IRA, IRB and IGF1R) in the mitogenic signaling of insulin-like molecules (including insulin, glargine, X10 (or AspB10) and IGF1).
Project description:Human breast cancer cell lines were exposed to IC50 gemcitabine (Gemzar) for 24 and 48 hours. RNA was extracted, amplified and hibridized onto Oncochip microarray slides. Human breast carcinoma cell lines MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 were cultured in DMEM with Glutamax-1, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 1% penicillin-streptomycin and 0.4% fungizone. Cells were grown and passaged by trypsinization.
Project description:Following therapy, tumour-initiating cells (TICs) survive and give rise to second-line tumours. Gene set enrichment analysis of microarray data and microRNA analysis confirmed the validity of spheroid cultures as models of TICs for breast and prostate cancer and mesothelioma cell lines. Pathway analysis revealed increased Trp metabolism in all types of TICs with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) as the rate-limiting enzyme. TICs also expressed higher levels of the Trp uptake system consisting of CD98 and LAT1 with functional consequences. Mitocans, represented by vitamin E (VE) analogues, suppressed IDO1 in TICs with functional mitochondrial complex II, a target for the agents. IDO1 expression was regulated via a mechanism involving both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. IDO1 increase and its suppression by VE analogues were replicated in TICs from primary human glioblastomas. Our work points to Trp metabolism as a novel mechanism of TICs to bypass the immune surveillance and to VE analogues as agents that remove this ‘mimicry’. Total RNA obtained from from breast cancer (MCF7), mesothelioma (IstMes2) and prostate cancer (LNCaP) adherent cell lines was compared to their corresponding sphere cultures