Apteronotus albifrons
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA291642 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The Jaera albifrons complex contains five species of marine isopods (J. albifrons, J. praehirsuta, J. ischiosetosa, J. forsmani, and J. posthirsuta). These species, occurring on the shores of the North-Atlantic Ocean, are partially reproductively isolated by barriers due to sexual isolation (mate choice), genetic incompatibilities, and ecological specialization. Microsatellite loci would be useful for parentage-based analyses of sexual selection and studies of genetic structure in the context of speciation.Twenty-four microsatellite markers were developed for J. albifrons using pyrosequencing of enriched libraries. Patterns of polymorphisms were analyzed in 49 J. albifrons adult males sampled in two populations from Brittany (Western France). The average number of alleles per locus was 4.73 ± 2.45 and the average gene diversity was 0.55 ± 0.23. Most markers also successfully amplified in the three sibling species J. praehirsuta, J. ischiosetosa, and J. forsmani.These polymorphic and cross-amplifiable markers will be useful for population genetics and parentage studies in the J albifrons complex.
2015-01-01 | S-EPMC4630881 | BioStudies
Project description:Sympatric species that in some populations hybridize and in other populations remain reproductively isolated open interesting research possibilities for the study of hybridization and speciation. Here, we test for such a situation in two littoral isopods (Jaera albifrons and J. praehirsuta) that occur in mixed populations and where past morphological descriptions suggested that the two species are generally reproductively isolated except in rare populations where hybridization may be happening. Using field surveys and microsatellite genetic structure analyses in two regions from France (Normandy and Brittany), we confirmed that introgressive hybridization occurs in a subset of mixed J. albifrons/J. praehirsuta populations (region Normandy) where the two species are found in the same habitat (pebbles on the shore). Moreover, we found that introgression in these populations is differential, 21 of 23 microsatellite markers showing little genetic divergence between species (hierarchical analysis of molecular variance FCT = 0.017) while the remaining two loci were strongly differentiated (FCT = 0.428). By contrast, J. albifrons and J. praehirsuta in mixed populations from region Brittany occupied distinct habitats (pebbles and seaweeds, respectively) with little overlap and showed stronger genetic divergence (FCT = 0.132). In hybridizing populations, the majority of individuals show morphological traits that are characteristic of one or the other species. This raises the question of the forces that act to maintain this polymorphism, noting that hybridizing populations seem to be geographically isolated from potential source parental populations and show no detectable habitat divergence between species.
2017-01-01 | S-EPMC5528242 | BioStudies
Project description:The increasingly recognised effects of microbiomes on the eco-evolutionary dynamics of their hosts are promoting a view of the "hologenome" as an integral host-symbiont evolutionary entity. For example, sex-ratio distorting reproductive parasites such as Wolbachia are well-studied pivotal drivers of invertebrate reproductive processes, and more recent work is highlighting novel effects of microbiome assemblages on host mating behaviour and developmental incompatibilities that underpin or reinforce reproductive isolation processes. However, examining the hologenome and its eco-evolutionary effects in natural populations is challenging because microbiome composition is considerably influenced by environmental factors. Here we illustrate these challenges in a sympatric species complex of intertidal isopods (Jaera albifrons spp.) with pervasive sex-ratio distortion and ecological and behavioural reproductive isolation mechanisms. We deep-sequence the bacterial 16S rRNA gene among males and females collected in spring and summer from two coasts in north-east Scotland, and examine microbiome composition with a particular focus on reproductive parasites. Microbiomes of all species were diverse (overall 3,317 unique sequences among 3.8 million reads) and comprised mainly Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes taxa typical of the marine intertidal zone, in particular Vibrio spp. However, we found little evidence of the reproductive parasites Wolbachia, Rickettsia, Spiroplasma and Cardinium, suggesting alternative causes of sex-ratio distortion. Notwithstanding, a significant proportion of the variance in microbiome composition among samples was explained by sex (14.1 %), nested within geographic (26.9 %) and seasonal (39.6 %) variance components. The functional relevance of this sex signal was difficult to ascertain given the absence of reproductive parasites, the ephemeral nature of the species assemblages and substantial environmental variability. These results establish the Jaera albifrons species complex as an intriguing system for examining the effects of microbiomes on reproductive processes and speciation, and highlight the difficulties associated with snapshot assays of microbiome composition in dynamic and complex environments.
2018-01-01 | S-EPMC6114722 | BioStudies
Project description:Amazona albifrons Genome sequencing and assembly
| PRJNA703492 | ENA
Project description:Currently, there is a lack of surveys that report the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in the white-headed capuchin monkey (Cebus albifrons). We therefore assessed the presence and richness (= number of different parasite genera) of parasites in C. albifrons in wildlife refuges (n = 11) and in a free-ranging group near a human village (n = 15) in the Ecuadorian Amazon. In the 78 samples collected (median of 3 samples per animal), we identified a total of 6 genera of gastrointestinal parasites, representing protozoa, nematodes, acanthocephalans and cestodes. We observed a high prevalence (84%) across the 26 individuals, with the most prevalent parasite being Strongyloides sp. (76.9%), followed by Hymenolepis sp. (38.5%) and Prosthenorchis elegans (11.5%). We found Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moskovskii/nuttalli and Capillaria sp. in only a minority of the animals (3.8%). In addition, we observed unidentified strongyles in approximately one-third of the animals (34.6%). We found a total of 6 parasite genera for the adult age group, which showed higher parasite richness than the subadult age group (5) and the juvenile age group (3). Faecal egg/cyst counts were not significantly different between captive and free-ranging individuals or between sexes or age groups. The free-ranging group had a higher prevalence than the captive group; however, this difference was not significant. The only genus common to captive and free-ranging individuals was Strongyloides sp. The high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites and the presence of Strongyloides in both populations support results from previous studies in Cebus species. This high prevalence could be related to the high degree of humidity in the region. For the free-ranging group, additional studies are required to gain insights into the differences in parasite prevalence and intensity between age and sex groups. Additionally, our study demonstrated that a serial sampling of each individual increases the test sensitivity.
1000-01-01 | S-EPMC5544475 | BioStudies
Project description:Many ground-nesting bird species are suffering from habitat loss and population decline. Data on population ecology and demography in colonies of threatened species are thus essential for designing effective conservation protocols. Here, we used extensive ringing and observation data to estimate directly, for the first time, the survival rate of juvenile and adult Little Tern (Sternula albifrons), as well as testing for a possible effect of age on probability of survival. We estimated adult annual survival rate to be 0.77, and juvenile (first year) survival to be 0.49 with a possible linear decrease in the survival rate of the juveniles that ranged from 0.681 to 0.327. We found no evidence that survival was age-dependent among the early age classes after the first year. We discuss these findings in light of survival estimates for other species, and their implications for the Little Tern conservation.
2019-01-01 | S-EPMC6938403 | BioStudies
Project description:In 2007, we isolated a natural recombinant H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) from the fecal droppings of a white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons) in South Korea. Phylogenetic analyses of the complete genome sequence showed that polymerase acidic (PA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes belonged to the Eurasian lineage AIV, but polymerase basic 2 (PB2), PB1, hemagglutinin (HA), nucleoprotein (NP), matrix (M), and nonstructural (NS) genes belonged to the North-American lineage AIV. These data are beneficial for understanding the ecology and epidemiology of AIVs.
2013-01-01 | S-EPMC3662812 | BioStudies