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Characterization of genetic variability of Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses

ABSTRACT: Characterization of genetic variability of Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses

PROVIDER: PRJNA316099 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Characterization of genetic variability of Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses

Project description:We performed whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based analysis of all available Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus antigenic complex genomes and developed a high resolution genome-wide SNP microarray. We used the SNP microarray to analyze a broad panel of VEEV isolates, found excellent concordance between array and sequence based genotypes for previously sequenced strains, and genotyped unsequenced strains.

2016-03-24 | GSE79530 | GEO

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The transcriptional landscape of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection

Project description:No vaccines or antivirals are approved against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) infection in humans. To improve our understanding of VEEV-host interactions, we simultaneously profiled host transcriptome and viral RNA (vRNA) in thousands of single cells during infection of human astrocytes. Host transcription was suppressed, and “superproducer cells” with extreme vRNA abundance and altered transcriptome emerged during the first viral life cycle. Cells with increased structural-to-nonstructural transcript ratio demonstrated upregulation of trafficking genes at later time points. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments confirmed pro- and antiviral host factors. Single-cell deep sequencing analysis identified a viral E3 protein mutation altering host gene expression. Lastly, comparison with data from other viruses highlighted common and unique pathways perturbed by infection across evolutionary scales. This study provides a high-resolution characterization of the cellular response to VEEV infection, identifies candidate targets for antivirals, and establishes a comparative single-cell approach to study the evolution of virus-host interactions.

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Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus strain: LSE9910-15

Project description:Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus strain: LSE9910-15 Genome sequencing and assembly

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Gene expression in the brains of different strains of laboratory mice upon intranasal infection with vaccine strain (TC83) of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus

Project description:Differing from other experimental models, intranasal infection with vaccine strain of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, VEEV, (TC83) caused high titer infection in the brain and 90–100% mortality in the C3H/HeN murine model. Intranasal infection with VEEV (TC83) caused persistent viral infection in the brains of mice without functional αβ T-cells (αβ-TCR -/-). While wild-type C57BL/6 mice clear infectious virus in the brain by 13 dpi, αβ-TCR -/- maintain infectious virus in the brain to 92 dpi. To better characterize the susceptibility to disease development in different strains of mice, we have analyzed the gene transcriptomes in the brains of infected mice.

2016-12-10 | GSE91074 | GEO

Bioprospecting the American Alligator Peptidome for Antiviral Peptides Against Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus

Project description:The innate immune protection provided by cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) has been shown to extend to antiviral activity, with putative mechanisms of action including direct interaction with host cells or pathogen membranes. The lack of therapeutics available for the treatment of viruses such as Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) underscores the urgency of novel strategies for antiviral discovery. American alligator plasma has been shown to exhibit strong in vitro antibacterial activity, and functionalized hydrogel particles have been successfully employed for the identification of specific CAMPs from alligator plasma. Here, a novel bait strategy in which particles were encapsulated in membranes from either healthy or VEEV-infected cells was implemented to identify peptides preferentially targeting infected cells for subsequent evaluation of antiviral activity. Statistical analysis of peptide identification results was used to select five candidate peptides for testing, of which three exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of VEEV, with one peptide also significantly inhibiting infectious titers. Results suggest our bioprospecting strategy provides a versatile platform that may be adapted for antiviral peptide identification from complex biological samples.

2022-05-27 | MSV000089560 | MassIVE

Characterization of Genetic Variability of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Viruses.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC4824352 | biostudies-literature

Deep Spatial Profiling of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Reveals Increased Genetic Diversity Amidst Neuroinflammation and Cell Death During Brain Infection

Project description:Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) causes a febrile illness that can progress to neurological disease with the possibility of death in human cases. The evaluation and optimization of therapeutics that target brain infections demands knowledge of the host’s response to VEEV, the dynamics of infection, and the potential for within-host evolution of the virus. We hypothesized that selective pressures during infection of the brain may differ temporally and spatially and so we investigated the dynamics of the host response, viral transcript levels, and genetic variation of VEEV TC-83 in eight areas of the brain in mice over 7 days post-infection (dpi). Viral replication increased throughout the brain until 5-6 dpi and decreased thereafter with neurons as the main site of viral replication. Low levels of genetic diversity were noted on 1 dpi, and was followed by an expansion in the genetic diversity of VEEV and nonsynonymous mutations (Ns) that peaked by 5 dpi. The proinflammatory response and the influx of immune cells mirrored the levels of virus and correlated with substantial damage to neurons by 5 dpi and increased activation of microglial cells and astrocytes. The prevalence and dynamics of Ns mutations suggests that the VEEV is under selection within the brain and that progressive neuroinflammation may play a role in acting as a selective pressure.

2023-07-21 | GSE213725 | GEO

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