Cannabis sativa
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA336328 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Cannabis sativa L. is an annual herbaceous crop grown for the production of long extraxylary fibers, the bast fibers, rich in cellulose and used both in the textile and biocomposite sectors. Despite being herbaceous, hemp undergoes secondary growth and this is well exemplified by the hypocotyl. The hypocotyl was already shown to be a suitable model to study secondary growth in other herbaceous species, namely Arabidopsis thaliana and it shows an important practical advantage, i.e. elongation and radial thickening are temporally separated. This study focuses on the mechanisms marking the transition from primary to secondary growth in the hemp hypocotyl by analysing the suite of events accompanying vascular tissue and bast fiber development. RNA-Seq transcriptomics, imaging and quantification of phytohormones were carried out on four representative developmental stages (i.e. 6-9-15-20 days after sowing) to provide a first comprehensive profiling of the events associated with primary and secondary growth in hemp. This multidisciplinary approach provides cell wall-related snapshots of the growing hemp hypocotyl and identifies marker genes associated with the young (expansins, β-galactosidases and transcription factors involved in light-related processes) and the older hypocotyl (secondary cell wall biosynthetic genes and transcription factors).
2016-11-18 | GSE85144 | GEO
Project description:Cellulosic phloem fibres, also known as bast fibres, find a wide array of applications in industry, for example as eco-friendly substitutes of glass fibres in the manufacture of biocomposites. Bast fibres are cells characterized by a noteworthy length and by a tertiary cell wall (gelatinous or G-layer) mainly composed of crystalline cellulose. During their differentiation, bast fibres undergo specific developmental stages: the cells initially elongate rapidly by intrusive growth, then they cease elongation and start to thicken. In the light of their importance in fostering a bio-economy, it is desirable to widen our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation and maturation of bast fibres. The goal of the present study is to provide a transcriptomic close-up of the key events accompanying bast fibre development. The stages going from rapid elongation to cell wall thickening are here studied in textile hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), a fibre crop of great economic importance.
2017-07-10 | GSE94156 | GEO
Project description:Three 2cm segments were excised from different parts (TOP, MID, BOT) along the vertical axis of a 4 week old stem of hemp (C. sativa), and the outer layers of the stem were compared using a cDNA amplicon array. Each segment represented a different developmental stage, especially in relation to bast fibre differentiation (i.e. TOP= elongation, MID=transition, BOT= thickening). Only the cDNAs that showed the highest differential expression were sequenced.
2007-07-01 | E-MEXP-1042 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Transcriptomic profiling of hemp bast fibres at different developmental stages
| PRJNA369096 | ENA
Project description:Lignin and lignans are both deriving from the monolignol pathway. Despite the similarity of their building blocks, they fulfil different functions in planta. Lignin strengthens the tissues of the plant, while lignans are involved in plant defence and growth regulation. Their biosyntheses are tuned both spatially and temporally to suit the development of the plant (water conduction, reaction to stresses). It was previously shown that the growing hemp hypocotyl is a valid system to study secondary growth and the molecular events accompanying lignification. The present work confirms the validity of this system, by using it to study the regulation of lignin and lignan biosyntheses. Microscopic observations, lignin analysis, proteomics, together with targeted RT-qPCR and in situ laccase and peroxidase activity assays were carried out to understand the dynamics of lignan/lignin synthesis during the development of the hemp hypocotyl. Based on phylogenetic analysis and targeted gene expression, we suggest a role for the hemp dirigent and dirigent-like proteins. The transdisciplinary approach adopted resulted in the gene- and protein-level quantification of the main enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of monolignols and their oxidative coupling (laccases and class III peroxidases), in lignin deposition (dirigent-like proteins) and in the determination of the stereoconformation of lignans (dirigent proteins). Our work sheds light on how, in the growing hemp hypocotyl, the provision of the precursors needed to synthesize the aromatic biopolymers lignin and lignans is regulated at the transcriptional and proteomic level.
2018-01-08 | PXD006605 | Pride
Project description:Drought stress is the main environmental factor influencing hemp growth and yield. However, little is known about the response mechanism of hemp to drought stress. A total of 44.10 M tags and 8.91G bases were sequenced in the control hemp (CK) and drought stress hemp (DS) libraries. A total of 1292 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 883 up-regulated genes and 409 down-regulated genes, were identified. These results may contribute toward improving our understanding about the drought stress regulatory mechanism of hemp, and improving its drought tolerance ability.
2017-04-22 | GSE56964 | GEO
Project description:Drought stress is the main environmental factor influencing hemp growth and yield. However, little is known about the response mechanism of hemp to drought stress. A total of 44.10 M tags and 8.91G bases were sequenced in the control hemp (CK) and drought stress hemp (DS) libraries. A total of 1292 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 883 up-regulated genes and 409 down-regulated genes, were identified. These results may contribute toward improving our understanding about the drought stress regulatory mechanism of hemp, and improving its drought tolerance ability. 3' tag-based DGE libraries were generated to exam the differentially expressed gene between drought-stressed and well-watered hemp
2017-04-22 | E-GEOD-56964 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The Arabidopsis hypocotyl is an excellent model for understanding radial growth in plants. Division of the cambial cells and their subsequent differentiation into xylem and phloem drives radial expansion of the hypocotyl. Following the transition to reproductive growth, a phase change occurs in the Arabidopsis hypocotyl. During this second phase, the relative rate of xylem production is dramatically increased compared to that of phloem and xylem fibres containing thick secondary cell walls also form, which results in the production of xylem tissue comparable to the wood of trees. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone known to have a major role in various plant processes, including in the response to changes in environmental conditions and in the promotion of seed dormancy. Using two different genetic backgrounds and different environmental conditions, we identified a set of core of transcriptional changes associated with the switch to the second phase of growth in the hypocotyl. ABA signalling pathways were identified as being as significantly over-represented in this set of core genes. Reverse genetic analysis demonstrated that mutants defective in ABA-biosynthesis enzymes exhibited significantly delayed fibre production without affecting the xylem:phloem ratio. The altered morphology is also reflected at the transcript level, with a reduced expression of marker genes associated with fibre formation in aba1 mutants. The application of exogenous ABA to the mutant rescued the phenotype, restoring fibre differentiation to wild-type levels. Taken together the data reveals an essential role for ABA in the regulation of fibre formation.
2018-05-23 | GSE114782 | GEO
Project description:The Arabidopsis hypocotyl is an excellent model for understanding radial growth in plants. Division of the cambial cells and their subsequent differentiation into xylem and phloem drives radial expansion of the hypocotyl. Following the transition to reproductive growth, a phase change occurs in the Arabidopsis hypocotyl. During this second phase, the relative rate of xylem production is dramatically increased compared to that of phloem and xylem fibres containing thick secondary cell walls also form, which results in the production of xylem tissue comparable to the wood of trees. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone known to have a major role in various plant processes, including in the response to changes in environmental conditions and in the promotion of seed dormancy. Using two different genetic backgrounds and different environmental conditions, we identified a set of core of transcriptional changes associated with the switch to the second phase of growth in the hypocotyl. ABA signalling pathways were identified as being as significantly over-represented in this set of core genes. Reverse genetic analysis demonstrated that mutants defective in ABA-biosynthesis enzymes exhibited significantly delayed fibre production without affecting the xylem:phloem ratio. The altered morphology is also reflected at the transcript level, with a reduced expression of marker genes associated with fibre formation in aba1 mutants. The application of exogenous ABA to the mutant rescued the phenotype, restoring fibre differentiation to wild-type levels. Taken together the data reveals an essential role for ABA in the regulation of fibre formation. We used microarrays to probe transcripome changes I Arabidopsis hypocotyls following transition from phase I to phase II
2018-05-19 | GSE114638 | GEO