Project description:The first trimester is a critical window of maternal-fetal communication for pregnancy. RNA-sequencing of matched maternal decidua (4) and placenta (4) identified 91 sexually dimorphic receptor-ligand pairs across the maternal-fetal interface, 32 in females and 59 in males.
Project description:The first trimester is a critical window of maternal-fetal communication for pregnancy. Using single cell RNA-sequencing to dissect placenta heterogeneity, we identified five major cell types (trophoblasts, stromal cells, hofbauer cells, antigen presenting cells and endothelial cells). We identified seven unique trophoblast subclusters, including new subtypes that transition into the terminal cell types, extra-villous trophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts. As fetal sex impacts pregnancy, we analyzed sex differences in each cell type and identified differences in immune cell function. TGFβ1, β-estradiol, and dihydrotestosterone emerge as upstream regulators of sexually dimorphic genes in a cell type specific manner. Thus, the fetal contribution at the maternal-fetal interface is cell and sex specific.
Project description:These samples are part of a study to provide a spatially resolved single-cell multiomics map of human trophoblast differentiation in early pregnancy. Here we profiled with 10x Visium Spatial transcriptomics of the entire maternal-fetal interface including the myometrium, allowing us to resolve the full trajectory of trophoblast differentiation.
Project description:Placenta is an epitome of cell signalling, including the signalling between two semi-allogenic individuals, mother and fetus. We have studied the putative crosstalk by analyzing the expression of corresponding ligands and receptors on maternal fetal interface. This transcriptome represents one of the important cellular sources, namely the multinucleated fetal layer that is directly bathed in the maternal blood. It was collected by microdissection, as it is too large to be included in the single cell preparation. In combination with other compartments, whose transcriptomes are provided along with this one, we think this study provides a rich resource of gene expression profiles of term placenta.
Project description:Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a prominent regulator of blood coagulation and an intriguing constituent of trophoblast cells situated at the maternal-fetal interface. The actions of TFPI extend beyond controlling hemostasis and directly affect trophoblast cell development. TFPI facilitates the differentiation of rat and human trophoblast stem cells into the invasive trophoblast/extravillous cell lineage and promotes intrauterine trophoblast invasion and trophoblast-guided uterine spiral artery remodeling at the maternal-fetal interface. Thus, TFPI is a conserved regulator of a fundamental event determining the efficacy of the hemochorial placenta.
Project description:Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a prominent regulator of blood coagulation and an intriguing constituent of trophoblast cells situated at the maternal-fetal interface. The actions of TFPI extend beyond controlling hemostasis and directly affect trophoblast cell development. TFPI facilitates the differentiation of rat and human trophoblast stem cells into the invasive trophoblast/extravillous cell lineage and promotes intrauterine trophoblast invasion and trophoblast-guided uterine spiral artery remodeling at the maternal-fetal interface. Thus, TFPI is a conserved regulator of a fundamental event determining the efficacy of the hemochorial placenta.
Project description:Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a prominent regulator of blood coagulation and an intriguing constituent of trophoblast cells situated at the maternal-fetal interface. The actions of TFPI extend beyond controlling hemostasis and directly affect trophoblast cell development. TFPI facilitates the differentiation of rat and human trophoblast stem cells into the invasive trophoblast/extravillous cell lineage and promotes intrauterine trophoblast invasion and trophoblast-guided uterine spiral artery remodeling at the maternal-fetal interface. Thus, TFPI is a conserved regulator of a fundamental event determining the efficacy of the hemochorial placenta.
Project description:The placenta plays a crucial role in the normal growth and development in mammals by serving as an interface for nutrients, respiratory gases and physiological signals between the mother and fetus. Here we use a novel embryo transfer system in mice to identify the major physiological pathways in the placenta that are principally influenced by altered maternal environment. Embryos of identical genotype were transferred at the one cell stage into surrogate mothers either of the same strain or from a different strain. We analyzed the relative effects of maternal and fetal genotype on fetal weight, placental weight and the placental transcriptome at E18.5. The results show that maternal genotype overrides fetal genotype as the principal regulator of fetal weight (p<0.0001). Microarray analysis of the transcriptome in placentas revealed that a small fraction (0.25%) of placental genes are specifically regulated by maternal genotype (p<0.05, FDR<0.10). Pathway analysis of these genes using the programs Gene Ontology and MetaCore from GeneGO inc. revealed highest statistical significance in signaling pathways that regulate cell growth and lipid metabolism. These results provide a mechanistic understanding of important molecular pathways involved in maternal regulation of fetal growth and development.
Project description:To explore the interactions between the range of maternal and fetal placental cell types present, we profiled the transcriptomes of more than 50,000 single cells from matched first trimester samples of maternal blood and decidua, as well as fetal cells from the placenta itself. Demuxlet was used to discern between cells of fetal and maternal origin, from SNPs inferred from genotyping.
