Mus musculus
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA358082 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Functional analysis of CTCF sites associated with cytokine-sensing mammary-specific enhancers in the complex casein locus
| PRJNA378301 | ENA
Project description:Functional assessment of CTCF sites at cytokine-sensing mammary enhancers in mammary gland [4C-seq]
| PRJNA378320 | ENA
Project description:The zinc finger protein CTCF has been invoked in establishing functional boundaries between genes and thereby controlling enhancer activities. However, there is limited genetic evidence to support such a concept. We have now addressed this question in a locus containing five mammary-specific genes controlled by enhancers. We have identified four CTCF binding sites in the casein locus, two at the outside boundaries and two associated with a super-enhancer. Individual deletions of these sites from the mouse genome did not alter expression of the five casein genes and Odam. However, deletion of the border CTCF site separating the Csn1s1 enhancer from non-mammary genes resulted in the activation of Sult1d1 at a distance of more than 95 kb but not the more proximal Sult1e1 gene. Loss of this CTCF site led to de novo interactions between the Csn1s1 enhancer and the Sult1d1 promoter but not with the silent Sult1e1 gene. Our study suggests that most CTCF sites associated with cell-specific enhancers and super-enhancers have no measurable in vivo activity. Only the loss of one CTCF site led to the induction of a juxtaposed active non-target promoter. Our study also demonstrated that cell-specific enhancers are unable to activate juxtaposed silent non-target promoters.
2017-03-24 | GSE92591 | GEO
Project description:In mammary gland, deletion of the border CTCF site separating the Csn1s1 mammary enhancer from neighboring genes resulted in the activation of Sult1d1 at a distance of more than 95 kb but not the more proximal and silent Sult1e1 gene. Loss of this CTCF site led to de novo interactions between the Sult1d1 promoter and several enhancers in the casein locus.
2017-03-24 | GSE95757 | GEO
Project description:Precise spatiotemporal regulation of genetic programs, driven by cellspecific super-enhancers, is paramount for the function of cell lineages. Studies have suggested that insulated neighborhoods, formed by the zincfinger protein CTCF, sequester genes and their associated enhancers thus preventing them from trespassing on off-target genes. Although this could explain the enhancer-gene-specificity conundrum, there is limited genetic evidence that the search space of cell-specific super-enhancers is constrained by CTCF. We have addressed this question in the Wap locus with its exceptional mammary-specific super-enhancer, which is separated by five CTCF sites from neighboring genes. Three of these sites are positioned between the Wap super-enhancer and the widely expressed Ramp3. Enhancer deletions demonstrated that the Wap super-enhancer controls Ramp3 expression despite the presence of three parting CTCF sites. Individual and combinatorial deletions of these CTCF sites revealed cell-specific functions of the conserved anchor site. Although unable to block super-enhancer activity, it muffled its impact on Ramp3 in mammary tissue. Unexpectedly, this CTCF site was obligatory for Ramp3 expression in cerebellum, suggesting the coinciding presence of regulatory elements. While our results suggest a surprisingly limited in vivo role for a CTCF anchor in blocking a mammary-specific super-enhancer, they also implicate this site in cerebellum-specific gene activation. Our study illustrates additional complexities of CTCF sites supporting tissue-specific functions.
2017-05-25 | GSE97803 | GEO
Project description:Precise spatiotemporal regulation of genetic programs, driven by cellspecific super-enhancers, is paramount for the function of cell lineages. Studies have suggested that insulated neighborhoods, formed by the zincfinger protein CTCF, sequester genes and their associated enhancers thus preventing them from trespassing on off-target genes. Although this could explain the enhancer-gene-specificity conundrum, there is limited genetic evidence that the search space of cell-specific super-enhancers is constrained by CTCF. We have addressed this question in the Wap locus with its exceptional mammary-specific super-enhancer, which is separated by five CTCF sites from neighboring genes. Three of these sites are positioned between the Wap super-enhancer and the widely expressed Ramp3. Enhancer deletions demonstrated that the Wap super-enhancer controls Ramp3 expression despite the presence of three parting CTCF sites. Individual and combinatorial deletions of these CTCF sites revealed cell-specific functions of the conserved anchor site. Although unable to block super-enhancer activity, it muffled its impact on Ramp3 in mammary tissue. Unexpectedly, this CTCF site was obligatory for Ramp3 expression in cerebellum, suggesting the coinciding presence of regulatory elements. While our results suggest a surprisingly limited in vivo role for a CTCF anchor in blocking a mammary-specific super-enhancer, they also implicate this site in cerebellum-specific gene activation. Our study illustrates additional complexities of CTCF sites supporting tissue-specific functions.
2017-05-25 | GSE92931 | GEO
Project description:Precise spatiotemporal regulation of genetic programs, driven by cellspecific super-enhancers, is paramount for the function of cell lineages. Studies have suggested that insulated neighborhoods, formed by the zincfinger protein CTCF, sequester genes and their associated enhancers thus preventing them from trespassing on off-target genes. Although this could explain the enhancer-gene-specificity conundrum, there is limited genetic evidence that the search space of cell-specific super-enhancers is constrained by CTCF. We have addressed this question in the Wap locus with its exceptional mammary-specific super-enhancer, which is separated by five CTCF sites from neighboring genes. Three of these sites are positioned between the Wap super-enhancer and the widely expressed Ramp3. Enhancer deletions demonstrated that the Wap super-enhancer controls Ramp3 expression despite the presence of three parting CTCF sites. Individual and combinatorial deletions of these CTCF sites revealed cell-specific functions of the conserved anchor site. Although unable to block super-enhancer activity, it muffled its impact on Ramp3 in mammary tissue. Unexpectedly, this CTCF site was obligatory for Ramp3 expression in cerebellum, suggesting the coinciding presence of regulatory elements. While our results suggest a surprisingly limited in vivo role for a CTCF anchor in blocking a mammary-specific super-enhancer, they also implicate this site in cerebellum-specific gene activation. Our study illustrates additional complexities of CTCF sites supporting tissue-specific functions.
2017-05-25 | GSE92587 | GEO
Project description:Enhancers play key roles in gene regulation. However, comprehensive enhancer discovery is challenging because most enhancers, especially those affected in complex diseases, have weak effects on gene expression. Through gene regulatory network modeling, we identified that dynamic cell state transitions, a critical missing component in prevalent enhancer discovery strategies, can be utilized to improve the cells’ sensitivity to enhancer perturbation. Guided by the modeling results, we performed a mid-transition CRISPRi-based enhancer screen utilizing human embryonic stem cell definitive endoderm differentiation as a dynamic transition system. The screen discovered a comprehensive set of enhancers (4 to 9 per locus) for each of the core lineage-specifying transcription factors (TFs), including many enhancers with weak to moderate effects. Integrating the screening results with enhancer activity measurements (ATAC-seq, H3K27ac ChIP-seq) and three-dimensional enhancer-promoter interaction information (CTCF looping, Hi-C), we were able to develop a CTCF loop-constrained Interaction Activity (CIA) model that can better predict functional enhancers compared to models that rely on Hi-C-based enhancer-promoter contact frequency. Together, our dynamic network-guided enhancer screen and the CIA enhancer prediction model provide generalizable strategies for sensitive and more comprehensive enhancer discovery in both normal and pathological cell state transitions.
2023-06-17 | PXD043070 | Pride
Project description:Functional dissection of the Csn1s2b locus identifies complex redundant and non-redundant cytokine-activated enhancers in mouse mammary gland tissue
| PRJNA678955 | ENA
Project description:Higher order chromatin structure establishes domains that organize the genome and coordinate gene expression. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling transcription of individual loci within a topological domain (TAD) are not fully understood. The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene provides a paradigm for investigating these mechanisms. CFTR occupies a TAD bordered by CTCF/cohesin binding sites within which are cell-type-selective cis-regulatory elements for the locus. We showed previously that intronic and extragenic enhancers, when occupied by specific transcription factors, are recruited to the CFTR promoter by a looping mechanism to drive gene expression. Here we use a combination of CRISPR/Cas9 editing of cis-regulatory elements and siRNA-mediated depletion of architectural proteins to determine the relative contribution of structural elements and enhancers to the higher order structure and expression of the CFTR locus. We found the boundaries of the CFTR TAD are conserved among diverse cell types and are dependent on CTCF and cohesin complex. Removal of an upstream CTCF-binding insulator alters the interaction profile, but has little effect on CFTR expression. Within the TAD, intronic enhancers recruit cell-type selective transcription factors and deletion of a pivotal enhancer element dramatically decreases CFTR expression, but has minor effect on its 3D structure. Examination of open chromatin region in Caco2 (colorectal adenocarcinoma cells), HBE (primary human bronchial epithelial cells), and primary adult human epididymis cells
2016-01-07 | E-GEOD-74709 | biostudies-arrayexpress