Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA361044 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR5169110_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5169110_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5169120_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5169120_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5169130_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Crossing over between homologs is critical for the stable segregation of chromosomes during the first meiotic division. S. cerevisiae Mer3 (HFM1 in mammals) is a SF2 helicase and member of the ZMM group of proteins, that facilitates the formation of the majority of crossovers during meiosis. Here we describe the structural organisation of Mer3 and using AlphaFold modelling and XL-MS we further characterise the previously described interaction with Mlh1-Mlh2. We find that Mer3 also forms a previously undescribed complex with the recombination regulating factors Top3 and Rmi1 and that this interaction is competitive with Sgs1BLM helicase in a phospho-dependent manner. Using in vitro reconstituted D-loop assays we show that Mer3 inhibits the anti-recombination activity of Sgs1 helicase, but only in the presence of Dmc1. Thus we provide a mechanism whereby Mer3 interacts with a network of proteins to protect Dmc1 derived D-loops from dissolution.
2023-07-20 | PXD039839 | Pride
Project description:Repro9 in an allele of Mybl1 (A-Myb) transcription factor obtained in ENU screen to identify alleles causing mouse infertility. Repro9/repro9 mutant males are infertile due to meiotic arrest at pachytene stage. Mutants show wide range of abnormalities including inefficient chromosome synapsis, sex body formation and progression through meiotic cycle. Females are unaffected. To determine genes transcriptionally regulated by MYBL1 we analyzed gene expression profiles of wild type and repro9/repro9 mutant testis at 14 and 17 days postpartum. Analysis revealed many misregulated genes, in majority downregulated, at day 14 pp and even more at day 17 pp, probably due to secondary effects of meiotic arrest. Significantly misregulated genes were characterized by Gene Ontology. Comparative gene expression analysis uncovered potential targets of MYBL1 regulation that play roles in regulation of transcription, cell cycle, apoptosis, protein phosphorylation and ubiquitination, chromosome organization and others. Abstract:The transcriptional regulation of mammalian meiosis is poorly characterized, due to few genetic and ex vivo models. From a genetic screen, we identify the transcription factor MYBL1 as a male-specific master regulator of several critical meiotic processes. Spermatocytes bearing a novel separation-of-function allele (Mybl1repro9) had subtle defects in autosome synapsis in pachynema, a high incidence of unsynapsed sex chromosomes, incomplete double strand break (DSB) repair on synapsed pachytene chromosomes, and a lack of crossing-over. MYBL1 protein appears in pachynema, and its mutation caused specific alterations in expression of diverse genes, including some translated postmeiotically. These data, coupled with chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP-chip) experiments and bioinformatic analysis of promoters, identified direct targets of MYBL1 regulation. Meiosis in mutant females appears unaffected. These results reveal that MYBL1 is a master regulator of meiotic genes that are involved in multiple processes in spermatocytes, including chromosome synapsis, recombination, and cell cycle progression through pachynema.
2011-10-19 | GSE28025 | GEO
Project description:Histone H3K4 methylation is a feature of meiotic recombination hotspots shared by many organisms including plants and mammals. Meiotic recombination is initiated by programmed double-strand break (DSB) formation that in budding yeast takes place in gene promoters and is promoted by histone H3K4 di/trimethylation. This histone modification is recognized by Spp1, a PHD-finger containing protein that belongs to the conserved histone H3K4 methyltransferase Set1 complex. During meiosis, Spp1 binds H3K4me3 and interacts with a DSB protein, Mer2, to promote DSB formation close to gene promoters. How Set1 complex- and Mer2- related functions of Spp1 are connected is not clear. Here, combining genome-wide localization analyses, biochemical approaches and the use of separation of function mutants, we show that Spp1 is present within two distinct complexes in meiotic cells, the Set1 and the Mer2 complexes. Disrupting the Spp1-Set1 interaction mildly decreases H3K4me3 levels and does not affect meiotic recombination initiation. Conversely, the Spp1-Mer2 interaction is required for normal meiotic recombination initiation, but dispensable for Set1 complex-mediated histone H3K4 methylation. Finally, we provide evidence that Spp1 preserves normal H3K4me3 levels independently of the Set1 complex. We propose a model where Spp1 works in three ways to promote recombination initiation: first by depositing histone H3K4 methylation (Set1 complex), next by “reading” and protecting histone H3K4 methylation, and finally by making the link with the chromosome axis (Mer2-Spp1 complex). This work deciphers the precise roles of Spp1 in meiotic recombination and opens perspectives to study its functions in other organisms where H3K4me3 is also present at recombination hotspots.
2017-11-30 | GSE102790 | GEO
Project description:Missense mutations can have diverse effects on proteins, depending on their location within the protein and the specific amino acid substitution. Mutations in the DNA mismatch repair gene MLH1 are associated with Lynch syndrome, yet the underlying mechanism of most disease-causing mutations remain elusive. To address this gap, we aim to disentangle the mutational effects on two essential properties for MLH1 function: protein stability and protein-protein interaction. We systematically examine the cellular abundance and interaction with PMS2 of 4839 (94%) MLH1 variants in the C-terminal domain. Our combined data shows that most MLH1 variants lose interaction with PMS2 due to reduced cellular abundance. However, substitutions to charged residues in the canonical interface lead to reduced interaction with PMS2. Unexpectedly, we also identify a distal region in the C-terminal domain of MLH1 where substitutions cause both decreased and increased binding with PMS2. Our data successfully distinguish benign from pathogenic MLH1 variants and correlate with thermodynamic stability predictions and evolutionary conservation. This work provides mechanistic insights into variant consequences and may help interpret MLH1 variants.
2024-08-01 | GSE273652 | GEO
Project description:Repro9 in an allele of Mybl1 (A-Myb) transcription factor obtained in ENU screen to identify alleles causing mouse infertility. Repro9/repro9 mutant males are infertile due to meiotic arrest at pachytene stage. Mutants show wide range of abnormalities including inefficient chromosome synapsis, sex body formation and progression through meiotic cycle. Females are unaffected. To determine genes transcriptionally regulated by MYBL1 we analyzed gene expression profiles of wild type and repro9/repro9 mutant testis at 14 and 17 days postpartum. Analysis revealed many misregulated genes, in majority downregulated, at day 14 pp and even more at day 17 pp, probably due to secondary effects of meiotic arrest. Significantly misregulated genes were characterized by Gene Ontology. Comparative gene expression analysis uncovered potential targets of MYBL1 regulation that play roles in regulation of transcription, cell cycle, apoptosis, protein phosphorylation and ubiquitination, chromosome organization and others. Abstract:The transcriptional regulation of mammalian meiosis is poorly characterized, due to few genetic and ex vivo models. From a genetic screen, we identify the transcription factor MYBL1 as a male-specific master regulator of several critical meiotic processes. Spermatocytes bearing a novel separation-of-function allele (Mybl1repro9) had subtle defects in autosome synapsis in pachynema, a high incidence of unsynapsed sex chromosomes, incomplete double strand break (DSB) repair on synapsed pachytene chromosomes, and a lack of crossing-over. MYBL1 protein appears in pachynema, and its mutation caused specific alterations in expression of diverse genes, including some translated postmeiotically. These data, coupled with chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP-chip) experiments and bioinformatic analysis of promoters, identified direct targets of MYBL1 regulation. Meiosis in mutant females appears unaffected. These results reveal that MYBL1 is a master regulator of meiotic genes that are involved in multiple processes in spermatocytes, including chromosome synapsis, recombination, and cell cycle progression through pachynema. RNA was extracted from wt and repro9/repro9 mutant testis from 14 and 17 days old mice. This two time points were selected for sample enrichment in early/midpachytene and latepachytene/diplotene spermatocytes, respectively. Total testis RNA from wild-type (≥3) and mutant (≥3) mice was reverse-transcribed into double stranded cDNA, and biotin-labeled cRNA (GeneChip IVT labeling kit, Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA) was hybridized to Affymetrix mouse genome 430 2.0 GeneChips containing. The raw data was processed using Affymetrix GCOS software. Two-way ANOVA analysis resolved differentially expressed (DE) genes either between genotypes and/or days using MeV(version 4.6.1) on log2-transformed expression values. Results were multiple test corrected with the Benjamini-Hochberg method to control the false discovery rate (FDR) in R. ~800 genes significant at FDR<=0.025 were selected as differentially expressed for downstream analysis.
2011-10-18 | E-GEOD-28025 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Constitutional MLH1 epimutations are characterized by monoallelic methylation of the MLH1 promoter throughout normal tissues, accompanied by allele-specific silencing. The mechanism underlying primary MLH1 epimutations is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to perform an in-depth characterization of constitutional MLH1 epimutations targeting the aberrantly methylated region around MLH1 and other genomic loci. Methods: Twelve MLH1 epimutation carriers, 61 Lynch syndrome patients and 41 healthy controls, were analyzed by Infinium Human Methylation 450K beadchip, and targeted molecular techniques were used to characterize the MLH1 epimutation in carriers and their inheritance pattern. Results: No nucleotide or structural variants were identified in-cis on the epimutated allele in ten carriers, in which intergenerational methylation erasure was demonstrated in two, suggesting primary type of epimutation. CNVs outside the MLH1 locus were found in two cases. EPM2AIP1-MLH1 CpG island was identified as the sole differentially methylated region in MLH1 epimutation carriers compared to controls. Conclusion: Primary constitutional MLH1 epimutations arise as a focal epigenetic event at the EPM2AIP1-MLH1 CpG island in the absence of cis-acting genetic variants. Further molecular characterization is needed to elucidate the mechanistic basis of MLH1 epimutations and their heritability/reversibility.
2017-11-28 | GSE107351 | GEO
Project description:Background: Constitutional MLH1 epimutations are characterized by monoallelic methylation of the MLH1 promoter throughout normal tissues, accompanied by allele-specific silencing. The mechanism underlying primary MLH1 epimutations is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to perform an in-depth characterization of constitutional MLH1 epimutations targeting the aberrantly methylated region around MLH1 and other genomic loci. Methods: Twelve MLH1 epimutation carriers, 61 Lynch syndrome patients and 41 healthy controls, were analyzed by Infinium Human Methylation 450K beadchip, and targeted molecular techniques were used to characterize the MLH1 epimutation in carriers and their inheritance pattern. Results: No nucleotide or structural variants were identified in-cis on the epimutated allele in ten carriers, in which intergenerational methylation erasure was demonstrated in two, suggesting primary type of epimutation. CNVs outside the MLH1 locus were found in two cases. EPM2AIP1-MLH1 CpG island was identified as the sole differentially methylated region in MLH1 epimutation carriers compared to controls. Conclusion: Primary constitutional MLH1 epimutations arise as a focal epigenetic event at the EPM2AIP1-MLH1 CpG island in the absence of cis-acting genetic variants. Further molecular characterization is needed to elucidate the mechanistic basis of MLH1 epimutations and their heritability/reversibility.
2017-11-28 | GSE107352 | GEO
Project description:Nuclear RNA degradation pathways are highly conserved across eukaryotes and play important roles in RNA quality control. Key substrates for exosomal degradation include aberrant functional RNAs and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs). It has recently been reported that the nuclear exosome is inactivated during meiosis in budding yeast through degradation of the subunit Rrp6, leading to the stabilisation of a subset of meiotic unstable transcripts (MUTs) of unknown function. We have analysed the activity of the nuclear exosome during meiosis by deletion of TRF4, which encodes a key component of the exosome targeting complex TRAMP. We find that TRAMP mutants produce high levels of CUTs during meiosis which are undetectable in wild-type cells, suggesting that the nuclear exosome remains functional, and we further show that the meiotic exosome complex still contains Rrp6. Indeed Rrp6 over-expression is insufficient to suppress MUT transcripts, showing that the reduced amount of Rrp6 in meiotic cells does not directly cause MUT accumulation. Lack of TRAMP activity stabilises ~1600 CUTs in meiotic cells, which occupy 40% of the binding capacity of the nuclear cap binding complex (CBC). CBC mutants display defects in the formation of meiotic double strand breaks (DSBs), and we see similar defects in TRAMP mutants, suggesting that a key function of the nuclear exosome is to prevent saturation of the CBC complex by CUTs. Together, our results show that the nuclear exosome remains active in meiosis and has an important role in facilitating meiotic recombination.
2015-05-15 | PXD001223 | Pride