Lamin B1 loss promotes lung cancer development and metastasis by epigenetic derepression of RET
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA371803 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Although abnormal nuclear structure is an important criterion for cancer diagnostics, remarkably little is known about its relationship to tumor development. Here we report that loss of lamin B1, a determinant of nuclear architecture, plays a key role in lung cancer. We found that lamin B1 levels were reduced in lung cancer patients. Lamin B1 silencing in lung epithelial cells promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell migration, tumor growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, we show that lamin B1 recruits the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) to alter the H3K27me3 landscape and repress genes involved in cell migration and signaling. In particular, epigenetic derepression of the RET proto-oncogene by loss of PRC2 recruitment, and activation of the RET/p38 signaling axis, play a crucial role in mediating the malignant phenotype upon lamin B1 disruption. Importantly, loss of a single lamin B1 allele induced spontaneous lung tumor formation and RET activation. Thus, lamin B1 acts as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer, linking aberrant nuclear structure and epigenetic patterning with malignancy.
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Project description:Although abnormal nuclear structure is an important criterion for cancer diagnostics, remarkably little is known about its relationship to tumor development. Here we report that loss of lamin B1, a determinant of nuclear architecture, plays a key role in lung cancer. We found that lamin B1 levels were reduced in lung cancer patients. Lamin B1 silencing in lung epithelial cells promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell migration, tumor growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, we show that lamin B1 recruits the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) to alter the H3K27me3 landscape and repress genes involved in cell migration and signaling. In particular, epigenetic derepression of the RET proto-oncogene by loss of PRC2 recruitment, and activation of the RET/p38 signaling axis, play a crucial role in mediating the malignant phenotype upon lamin B1 disruption. Importantly, loss of a single lamin B1 allele induced spontaneous lung tumor formation and RET activation. Thus, lamin B1 acts as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer, linking aberrant nuclear structure and epigenetic patterning with malignancy.
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Project description:Through knocking out Lamin B1, we found that lamin B1 regulets hundreds of genes in neural progenitor cells, which underlie differentiation of neural protenitor cells
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Project description:Somatic hypermutation (SHM) is a pivotal process in adaptive immunity that occurs in the germinal centre and allows B-cells to change their primary DNA sequence and diversify their antigen receptors. Here, we report that genome binding of Lamin B1, a component of the nuclear envelope involved in epigenetic chromatin regulation, is reduced during B cell activation and formation of lymphoid germinal centres. ChIP-Seq analysis showed that kappa and heavy variable immunoglobulin domains were released from the Lamin B1 suppressive environment when SHM was induced in B cells. RNAi-mediated reduction of Lamin B1 resulted in spontaneous SHM as well as kappa-light chain aberrant surface expression. Finally, Lamin B1 expression level was directly proportional to 5-year survival rate in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, and was strongly involved in transformation of follicular lymphoma. In summary, here we report that Lamin B1 is a negative epigenetic regulator of SHM in normal B-cells and a "mutational gatekeeper", suppressing the aberrant mutations that drive lymphoid malignancy.
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Project description:Lamins, the major structural proteins within the nuclear lamina, are crucial for the functionality of cellular nucleus and their alterations are involved in the so-called laminopathies. We previously found that Huntington’s disease (HD), a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expansion of a CAG repeat in the huntingtin (htt) gene, courses with increased lamin B protein levels in specific brain regions in both mouse models and patients. We now show that these changes are mostly restricted to lamin B1, occur in striatal medium-sized spiny neurons and CA1 hippocampal neurons, and are accompanied by altered nuclear morphology, nucleocytoplasmic transport disruption and un-structuring of lamin-associated chromatin domains. Normalization of lamin B1 levels by betulinic acid administration in the R6/1 mouse model of HD results in beneficial restoring of nuclear lamina homeostasis and prevention of motor and cognitive dysfunction, opening a window for a new therapeutic approach for HD and other B1-type laminophaties.
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Project description:Lamin B1 is a component of the nuclear envelope involved in epigenetic chromatin regulation and is reduced during B cell activation and formation of lymphoid germinal centres. RNAi-mediated reduction of Lamin B1 results in spontaneous SHM as well as kappa-light chain aberrant surface expression showing that Lamin B1 is a negative epigenetic regulator of SHM. We used Affymetrix Exon 1.0 ST microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression underlying changes induced in siRNA-treated Lamin B1low BL2 cells. siRNA-mediated reduction of nuclear Lamin B1 incorporation resulted in a general upregulation of positive cell cycle regulatory genes which in turn occurred alongside an upregulation of genes responsible for cell cycle checkpoint execution or cell cycle arrest, and were specific for LMNB1 reduction.
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