Project description:Although the rate of fatty acid release from adipose tissue into the systemic circulation is very high in most obese adults, some obese adults maintain relatively low rates of fatty acid release, which helps protect them against the development of systemic insulin resistance. The primary aim of this study was to identify factors in adipose tissue that may underlie low vs. high rates of fatty acid mobilization in a relatively homogeneous cohort of obese adults. We obtained subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue samples from 30 obese adults (BMI: 38±1 kg/m2, age: 30±2 yr) after an overnight fast. We performed microarray analysis on the adiose tissue samples.
Project description:Obesity is a risk factor for numerous metabolic disorders; however, not all obese individuals are prone to insulin resistance. The central aim of this study was to identify molecular pathways directly related to insulin resistance independent of BMI in obesity. We sought to determine the gene expression signature of adipose tissue in a body mass index (BMI)-matched obese cohort of patients that are either insulin sensitive or insulin resistant. We determined the global gene expression signatures of omental and subcutaneous adipose tissue samples obtained from insulin-sensitive obese and insulin-resistant obese patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery.
Project description:Obesity is a risk factor for numerous metabolic disorders; however, not all obese individuals are prone to insulin resistance. The central aim of this study was to identify molecular pathways directly related to insulin resistance independent of BMI in obesity. We sought to determine the gene expression signature of adipose tissue in a body mass index (BMI)-matched obese cohort of patients that are either insulin sensitive or insulin resistant. We determined the global gene expression signatures of omental and subcutaneous adipose tissue samples obtained from insulin-sensitive obese and insulin-resistant obese patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery. The SQ sample for Insulin Resistant Patient 6 has been removed from the study.
Project description:Obesity is a major risk factor for several chronic diseases including diabetes, fatty liver disease and cancer. Despite similar propensities for obesity, Hispanics and African Americans exhibit unique and distinct differences in obesity related outcomes such as greater risk of, obesity-related cancers in AA and non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Hispanics. This study was aimed to determine whether differences in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) gene expression in obese, Hispanic and AA young adults might explain ethnic differences in obesity-related phenotypes. cross-sectional study design to compare subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression profiles of 19 Hispanic and 17 African American young adults
Project description:We have carried out whole-genome expression profiling of whole blood from obese subjects, defined as obese diet-sensitive and obese diet-resistant, and well matched lean individuals. The diet-sensitive or diet-resistant status refers to the different rates of weight loss observed in the two groups on a low-calorie diet regimen. Bioinformatic analysis revealed alterations in transcription in key pathways that are consistent with impaired capacity for fatty acid oxidation driven mitochondrial ATP synthesis in obese subjects who are resistant to weight loss.
Project description:The mechanisms responsible for weight loss-induced improvement in insulin sensitivity are partially understood. Greater insight can now be achieved through deep phenotyping and data integration. Here, we used an integrative approach to investigate associations between changes in insulin sensitivity and variations in lifestyle factors (diet and physical activity), subcutaneous adipose tissue (sAT) gene expression, metabolomics in serum, urine and feces, and gut microbiota composition after a 6-week calorie restriction period in overweight and obese adults
Project description:We have carried out whole-genome expression profiling of whole blood from obese subjects, defined as obese diet-sensitive and obese diet-resistant, and well matched lean individuals. The diet-sensitive or diet-resistant status refers to the different rates of weight loss observed in the two groups on a low-calorie diet regimen. Bioinformatic analysis revealed alterations in transcription in key pathways that are consistent with impaired capacity for fatty acid oxidation driven mitochondrial ATP synthesis in obese subjects who are resistant to weight loss. A total of 80 samples are analyzed. This consists of 20 lean subjects studied at one timepoint and 20 obese subjects (10 diet-sensitive and 10 diet-resistant) studied at 3 timepoints during caloric restriction (day of entry into program, week 3 into the program and week 6 into the program)
Project description:Obesity is a major risk factor for several chronic diseases including diabetes, fatty liver disease and cancer. Despite similar propensities for obesity, Hispanics and African Americans exhibit unique and distinct differences in obesity related outcomes such as greater risk of, obesity-related cancers in AA and non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Hispanics. This study was aimed to determine whether differences in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) gene expression in obese, Hispanic and AA young adults might explain ethnic differences in obesity-related phenotypes.
Project description:5 arrays from obese insulin-resistant and lean insulin-sensitive females adipose tissue at fasting and after 3h hyperinsulinemia 5 arrays from obese insulin-resistant and lean insulin-sensitive females adipose tissue at fasting and after 3h hyperinsulinemia FIR x 5, FIS x 5, HIR x 5, HIS x 5 F=fasting, H=hyperinsulinemia, IR=Insulin-resistant, IS=Insulin-sensitive (FIR, FIS, HIR, HIS)
Project description:Subcutaneous adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue samples were obtained from severely obese individuals that underwent bariatric surgery. The goal of this study was to compare genome-wide gene expression levels in the two tissue types from healthy and unhealthy severely obese individuals. Whole-transcriptome subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression levels were determined in 73 individuals with a BMI >35 kg/m2. Whole-transcriptome visceral adipose tissue gene expression levels were determined in 69 individuals with a BMI >35 kg/m2. Modules of co-expressed genes likely to be functionally related were identfied and correlated with BMI, plasma levels of glucose, insulin, HbA1c, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids, ALAT, ASAT, C-reactive protein, and LDL- and HDL cholesterol.
