IMPACT OF RESPIRATORY VIRUS INFECTIONS AND BACTERIAL MICROBIOME SHIFTS ON LYMPHOCYTE AND RESPIRATORY FUNCTION IN INFANTS BORN PREMATURELY OR FULL TERM
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA381267 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The rate of cesarean delivery (CD) in China has risen sharply and the high rate was reported to be associated with increased risk of disease in the offspring. However, there is little research on the molecular mechanism of critical pathways and gene signatures involved in the neonatal immunity of cesarean-born infants. This study was undertaken to identify unique gene signatures which was involved in the neonatal immunity of cesarean-born infants through large-scale RNA-sequencing. Genes differentially expressed in cesarean-born infants were identified and further validated through quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). Moreover, we employed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify highly connected genes that were correlated with neonatal inflammation. In total, 73 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between cesarean-born infants and normal vagina childbirth. The results obtained by secondary validation indicated that GATM, MIF, IFI27, IL1B, CA1, and EPHB1 were significantly upregulated in phenotype CD, while CYP2A6 and DLK1 were significantly down regulated. Further, functional and pathway enrichment analysis reveals perturbation of several DEGs involved in signaling pathways pertaining to immunoregulation, inflammation, apoptosis, and nervous development. Additionally, HLA-DOB popped out as a core gene in the process of inflammation, which might indicate the risk of cesarean-born infants for inflammatory disease. Notably, our study for the first time has documented gene signatures PIK3CA, PTPRC, SOS1, IL6ST, and MALT1, which were found to be involved in neonatal inflammation. Taken together, the full expression repertoire including the differentially expressed gene sets and core differentially co-expressed genes should provide an excellent resource for identifying potential biomarkers of cesarean-born infants with inflammation, and formulating new hypotheses for physiological functions and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for inflammatory disease.
2019-01-23 | GSE125421 | GEO
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Project description:<p><b>Public health importance</b>: Babies born preterm, approximately 1 out of every 9 live births in the United States, have significant respiratory morbidity over the first two years of life, exacerbated by respiratory viral infections. Many (<50%) return to pediatricians, emergency rooms and pulmonologists with symptoms of respiratory dysfunction (SRD): intermittent or chronic wheezing, poor growth and an excess of upper and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). SRD correlate inversely with gestational age and weight at birth and is more common in those with chronic lung disease of prematurity, yet its incidence and severity varies widely among both the prematurely born and those born at term. There is evidence from clinical studies and animal models that risks of LRTI and recurrent wheezing is influenced by gut and respiratory flora and by T cell responses to infection. Information gained from this study will be used to identify characteristics, risk factors and potential mechanisms for early and persistent lung disease in children born at term and born preterm.</p> <p>This Clinical Research Study will investigate the relationships between sequential respiratory viral infections, patterns of intestinal and respiratory bacterial colonization, and adaptive cellular immune phenotypes which are associated with increased susceptibility to respiratory infections and long term respiratory morbidity in preterm and full term infants. We hypothesize that the timing and acquisition of specific viral infections and bacterial species are directly related to respiratory morbidity in the first year of life as defined by SRD and by measures of pulmonary function. We hypothesize that cellular and molecular immuno-maturity are altered due to factors presented by premature birth in such a way as to promote chronic inflammatory and cytotoxic damage to the lung, with subsequent enhanced, damaging responses to infectious agents and environmental irritants. Our preliminary studies demonstrate both feasibility and expertise in mutiparameter immunophenotyping of small volume peripheral blood samples obtained from premature infants including gene expression arrays of flow cytometry sorted cells. We will use new technologies for known viral identification, as well as high-throughput metagenome sequencing of RNA and DNA virus like particles (VLP) to be used for viral discovery in infant respiratory sample and use of high-throughput pyrosequencing (454T) of bacterial 16S rRNA to determine shifts in bacterial community structure, occurring in pre-term (PT) as compared to full term (FT) infants, over the first year of life. Finally, we present statistical approaches to stratify disease risk predictors using multivariate logistic regression modeling approaches. We propose to evaluate T cell phenotypic and functional profiles relative to viral and predominant bacterial exposures according to highly complementary, but independent, Specific Objectives.</p> <p><b>Objective 1</b>: To determine if viral respiratory infections and patterns of respiratory and gut bacterial community structure (microbiome) in prematurely born babies predict the rate and degree of immunologic maturation, and pulmonary dysfunction, measured from birth to 36 weeks corrected gestational age (CGA).</p> <p><b>Objective 2</b>: To determine the relationship between respiratory viral infections and disease severity up to one year CGA, and the lymphocyte (Lc) phenotypes documented at term gestation (birth for term infants and 36 wks/NICU discharge in preterm infants) and at one year CGA. Three secondary outcomes of this objective will be to a) relate the quantity, type and severity of viral infections with pulmonary function at one and three years of life, b) relate the viral community structure to severity of viral infections and c) to seek evidence of modulation of viral susceptibility by bacterial respiratory and gut community structure (microbiome). The relationship of colonization with known and non-identified bacterial species in both the respiratory tract and the gut will be evaluated. </p>
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Project description:Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of umbilical cord blood buffy coat DNA samples. The Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC array was used to obtain DNA methylation profiles across approximately 850,000 CpGs. Samples included 557 cord blood samples born to obese women in the UPBEAT trial, with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), to determine the association between maternal GDM and hyperglycaemia during pregnancy on the methylation in the infant.
2020-11-05 | GSE141065 | GEO
Project description:Genome wide DNA methylation profiling of umbilical cord blood DNA samples. The Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC array was used to obtain DNA methylation profiles across approximately 850,000 CpGs. Samples included 470 cord blood samples from infants born to women in the Southampton Women's Survery (SWS) cohort, to examine the association between DNA methylation in the infant and aspects of health and disease in early and life and childhood.
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