Mus musculus
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA386021 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Wolffian/epididymal duct morphogenesis highly coordinates with its specialized function of providing microenvironment for sperm maturation. Without normal development of Wolffian duct, male infertility will result. Therefore, it is important to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulated Wolffian duct morphogenesis. Our previous study showed that mediolateral intercalation of epithelial cells was a major driver of ductal elongation. In addition, radial intercalation of mesenchymal cells surrounding the duct also played roles in Wolffian duct morphogenesis, and all of these cell re-arrangements were regulated by protein tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK7), a member of the planar cell polarity (PCP) non-canonical Wnt pathway. In this study, we showed that PTK7 regulated assemblies of extracellular matrix (ECM) at the basement membrane and throughout the mesenchyme. Abnormal assembly of laminin, collagen IV, and nephronectin at the basement membrane and fibrosis-like deposition of fibrilla collagen in the interstitium were observed in Ptk7 knockout Wolffian ducts. Meanwhile, PTK7 regulated activity levels of small GTPase RAC1 and myosin II in the mesenchyme of the Wolffian duct. Activity levels of RAC1 and myosin II decreased in the Ptk7 knockout mesenchyme compared to controls. When in-vitro-cultured Wolffian ducts were treated with collagenase IV, cross-link of fibrilla collagen was reduced, Wolffian duct elongation and coiling was reduced significantly, and cyst-like bulge was developed in the epithelial duct. When Wolffian ducts were treated with RAC1 inhibitor NSC23766, fibrilla collagen in the mesenchyme was disassembled, and Wolffian duct elongation was suppressed significantly. Our finding suggested that PTK7 regulated ECM assembly in the mesenchyme likely through regulating RAC1 and myosin II activities. Dynamic assembly and remodeling of ECM were important to Wolffian duct morphogenesis.
2018-05-09 | GSE98715 | GEO
Project description:Precursors for the male and female reproductive tracts (also known as the Wolffian duct and the Müllerian duct) co-exist in a mammalian embryo before sexual differentiation. The Wolffian duct and Müllerian duct are surrounded by their own mesenchymes in the mesonephros, which can be distinguished by their specific expression of Gli1 and Amhr2, respectively. In the XX embryo, during sexual differentiation, the Wolffian duct degenerates. In this study, by tracking the fate of the Gli1+ Wolffian duct mesenchyme in the tamoxifen inducible genetic lineage tracing model Gli1-CreER; Rosa-Tomato, we demonstrate that the Wolffian duct mesenchyme does not regress along with the Wolffian duct epithelium in the XX embryo. Instead, the Wolffian duct mesenchyme is repurposed and becomes a unique mesenchymal population in the female reproductive tract. Profiling the transcriptomes and chromatin accessibilities of the Gli1+ Wolffian duct mesenchyme in XX and XY during sexual differentiation (E14.5 and E16.5) shows signaling pathways and transcriptional factors that potentially involves the female and male fate differentiation of the Gli1+ Wolffian duct mesenchyme. Comparing the transcriptomes between the Gli1+ Wolffian duct mesenchyme and the Amhr2+ Müllerian duct mesenchyme from the neonatal uterus reveals similarities and differences between the two mesenchymal populations in the female reproductive tract. Ex vivo ablation of the Wolffian duct mesenchyme stunted the growth of the fetal female reproductive tract. In summary, our discovery of the contribution of the Wolffian duct mesenchyme to the female reproductive tract provides new insights into our understanding of sexual differentiation of reproductive tracts.
2022-10-05 | GSE179876 | GEO
Project description:In an XX embryo, the Wolffian duct regresses under the control of the mesenchymal transcription factor COUP-TFII. To understand cellular and molecular actions underlying Wolffian duct regression, we preformed transcriptomic analyses of XX mesonephroi with or without Coup-tfII and genome-wide analysis of COUP-TFII chromatin occupancy in XX mesonephroi. The integrative analysis of COUP-TFII genome-wide binding and transcriptomic analysis revealed the suppression of muscle differentiation and extracellular matrix genes by COUP-TFII and identified a group of COUP-TFII’s potential transcriptional partners in the mesenchyme that potentially facilitate Wolffian duct regression. These findings provide insights into the molecular action of COUP-TFII in the Wolffian duct mesenchyme and identify a list of biologically relevant candidate genes and pathways for future functional analyses in sexual differentiation of reproductive tracts.
2022-04-20 | GSE157836 | GEO
Project description:Wolffian duct maintenance and differentiation is predominantly driven by the androgen action, which is mediated by the androgen receptor (AR). It is well established that the mesenchyme indicates the fate and differentiation of epithelial cells. However, in vivo developmental requirement of mesenchymal AR in Wolffian duct development is still undefined. By designing a mesenchyme-specific Ar knockout (ARKO), we discovered that the loss of mesenchymal Ar led to the bilateral or unilateral degeneration of caudal Wolffian ducts and cystic formation at the cranial Wolffian ducts. Ex vivo culture of ARKO Wolffian ducts invariably resulted in bilateral defects, suggesting that some factor(s) originating from surrounding tissues in vivo might promote Wolffian duct survival and growth even in the absence of mesenchymal Ar. Mechanistically, we found cell proliferation was significantly reduced in both epithelial and mesenchymal compartments; but cell apoptosis was not affected. Transcriptomic analysis by RNA-seq revealed differentially expressed genes associated with morphological and cellular changes in ARKO male embryos (i.e. reduced cell proliferation and decreased number of epithelial cells). Mesenchymal differentiation into smooth muscle cells that are critical for morphogenesis was also impaired in ARKO male embryos. Taken together, our results demonstrate the crucial roles of the mesenchymal AR in Wolffian duct maintenance and morphogenesis in mice.
2024-01-10 | GSE246141 | GEO
Project description:Reciprocal signaling between an epithelium and its surrounding mesenchyme is common during morphogenesis. These epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are particularly evident in tissues that undergo branching morphogenesis, such as the airway epithelium of the lung. Here, we found that reciprocal interactions between the epithelium and mesenchyme drive remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) during morphogenesis of the embryonic chicken lung. RNA-Seq analysis revealed changes in the expression of genes associated with integrin signaling and ECM remodeling. Consistently, we found that prior to branching, the basement membrane is a spatially uniform sheath that wraps the airway epithelium. After branch initiation, however, the basement membrane is significantly depleted from the tip of extending branches. Culturing embryonic lung explants revealed that this basement membrane thinning is mediated by matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), which is expressed in the mesenchyme. Inhibiting MMP activity suppresses branch extension but has no effect on branch initiation. As branches extend, we found that tenascin-C (TNC) accumulates in the mesenchyme several cell diameters away from the branch tip. Despite its pattern of accumulation, this mesenchymal ECM protein is expressed exclusively by airway epithelial cells, which activate focal adhesion kinase (FAK) to induce TNC expression. We found that branch extension coincides with the deformation of adjacent mesenchymal cells into elongated geometries, which correlates with an increase in the fluidity of the mesenchyme at branch tips. This local increase in mesenchymal movement transports TNC from the epithelial surface into the mesenchyme. These data reveal novel epithelial-mesenchymal interactions that direct ECM remodeling during airway branching morphogenesis.
2019-08-12 | GSE132478 | GEO
Project description:Human kidney is a major metabolic organ, which plays a crucial role in regulating homeostasis of human body. However, gene expression characterizations of human fetal kidney development is still not fully explored. Here, we used single-cell RNA-seq to analyze more than 3,000 individual renal cells of human fetal kidneys covering over four months of development in vivo.We found co-expression of self-renewal and differentiation genes in cap mesenchyme, progenitors differed from that of mouse as they persistently express SIX1 throughout the renal morphogenesis. Besides, we recapitulated the transcription factors and signaling pathways potentially important for segmentation of nephron tubule. Furthermore, we explored the human specific features of the heterogeneous collecting duct epithelium. We also dissected the metabolism signatures of fetal kidney as well as the extracellular matrix composition of glomerulus mesangium. Eventually, we identified novel markers for renal tubules. Our study highlights the gene expression features of human fetal kidney development, which will contribute to dissecting the mechanisms of renal dysplasia and congenital nephrotic disease.
2018-08-27 | GSE109488 | GEO
Project description:Branching morphogenesis of the mammary gland is driven by the highly motile terminal end bud (TEB) throughout pubertal development. The stem cell enriched, proliferative TEB branches as it invades the mammary fat pad to create a complex network of ducts. The gene expression programs specific to the TEB and the differentiated duct are poorly understood. We conducted a time course analysis of gene expression in the TEB and duct throughout branching morphogenesis. Additionally, we determined the gene regulatory networks coordinated by the Co-factor of LIM domains (CLIM/LDB) transcriptional regulators and determined an essential function for CLIMs in branching morphogenesis by maintaining basal mammary epithelial stem cells and promoting cell proliferation. We used laser capture microdissection to isolate TEB and duct cells throughout branching morphogenesis. We then profiled gene expression in these cells to determine gene regulatory networks involved in branching morphogenesis, and specifically those regulated by CLIM transcriptional regulators. Mouse mammary glands from 4, 6, 8, and 10 week old mice (early puberty through early adulthood) were used for laser capture microdissection of TEB and duct cells from WT and K14-DN-Clim transgenic mice. RNA was isolated (Qiagen) and hybridized to Affymetrix MouseGene 1.0 ST arrays. In addition, basal (CD29HiCD24+Lin-) and Luminal (CD29LoCD24+Lin-) cells were sorted and RNA collected for hybridization to Affymetrix MouseGene 1.0ST arrays.
2014-07-07 | E-GEOD-57724 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Branching morphogenesis of the mammary gland is driven by the highly motile terminal end bud (TEB) throughout pubertal development. The stem cell enriched, proliferative TEB branches as it invades the mammary fat pad to create a complex network of ducts. The gene expression programs specific to the TEB and the differentiated duct are poorly understood. We conducted a time course analysis of gene expression in the TEB and duct throughout branching morphogenesis. Additionally, we determined the gene regulatory networks coordinated by the Co-factor of LIM domains (CLIM/LDB) transcriptional regulators and determined an essential function for CLIMs in branching morphogenesis by maintaining basal mammary epithelial stem cells and promoting cell proliferation. We used laser capture microdissection to isolate TEB and duct cells throughout branching morphogenesis. We then profiled gene expression in these cells to determine gene regulatory networks involved in branching morphogenesis, and specifically those regulated by CLIM transcriptional regulators.
2014-07-07 | GSE57724 | GEO
Project description:Impaired alveolar formation and maintenance are features of many pulmonary diseases that are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In a forward genetic screen for modulators of mouse lung development, we identified the non-muscle myosin II heavy chain gene, Myh10. Myh10 mutant pups exhibit cyanosis and respiratory distress, and die shortly after birth from differentiation defects in alveolar epithelium and mesenchyme. From omics analyses and follow up studies, we find decreased Thrombospondin expression accompanied with increased matrix metalloproteinase activity in both mutant lungs and cultured mutant fibroblasts, as well as disrupted extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Loss of Myh10 specifically in mesenchymal cells results in ECM deposition defects and alveolar simplification. Notably, MYH10 expression is down-regulated in the lung of emphysema patients. Altogether, our findings reveal critical roles for Myh10 in alveologenesis at least in part via the regulation of ECM remodeling, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of emphysema.
2018-09-19 | PXD011139 | Pride
Project description:Physiological changes in GTP levels in live cells have never been considered a regulatory step of RAC1 activation because GTP concentrations determined by chromatography or mass spectrometry were shown to be substantially higher than the RAC1 GTP dissociation constant (RAC1-GTP Kd) determined in vitro. Here, using a combination of genetically engineered intracellular GTP sensors, recently generated by us, and RAC1 activity reporter, we demonstrate that fluctuations in GTP levels within the range of RAC1-GTP Kd, correlate with changes in RAC1 activity in live cells. We further demonstrate that RAC1 co-localize in protrusions of invading cells with the de novo guanylate biosynthesis enzymes including rate-limiting inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) and guanosine monophosphate synthase (GMPS). This colocalization is partly driven by direct interaction of RAC1 with the Bateman domain of IMPDH2. Substitution of endogenous IMPDH2 with the IMPDH2 mutants incapable of binding RAC1 did not affect total intracellular GTP levels but suppressed RAC1 activity. Accordingly, targeting of IMPDH2 away from the plasma membrane did not alter total intracellular GTP pools but decreased local GTP levels in cell protrusions, downregulated RAC1 activity and decreased cell invasion. These data provide previously unrecognized mechanistic insight into the regulation of RAC1 activity by local GTP pools in live cells.
2021-11-04 | PXD028540 | Pride