Project description:Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins regulate neurogenesis, homeostasis and participate in active signalling during neuroinflammation. Components of CSF are mostly blood-derived, but partially also secreted from the brain cells. While various birds may represent suitable models for the investigation of adult constitutive neurogenesis, proteomic studies of the avian CSF examined so far solely chicken embryos. On this basis, we explored the proteomic composition of CSF and plasma in adult parrots, budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) and cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) and chickens (Gallus gallus) using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS). To overcome the lack of a complete cockatiel genome information, we compared the MS/MS identification success rates after mapping all spectra from all three species against the reference proteomes of three model avian species: chicken, budgerigar and zebra finch. We show highest efficiency (8.8-4.7%) for the closest reference proteome, although part of the proteins (7.2-18%) were mapped only with other references. After filtering the selected datasets, we identified up to 746 proteins represented in the CSF and plasma of chicken, budgerigar and cockatiel. Enrichment analysis of the core proteome of these datasets revealed various metabolic and signalling pathways. Comparative analysis of CSF and plasma for each species then indicated clusters of proteins preferentially upregulated into CSF that were involved in neurogenesis, neural development and neural differentiation pathways. This study provides the first insight into the proteomics of adult avian CSF and plasma and brings novel molecular evidence supporting the adult neurogenesis in birds.
Project description:Intervention type:DRUG. Intervention1:Huaier, Dose form:GRANULES, Route of administration:ORAL, intended dose regimen:20 to 60/day by either bulk or split for 3 months to extended term if necessary. Control intervention1:None.
Primary outcome(s): For mRNA libraries, focus on mRNA studies. Data analysis includes sequencing data processing and basic sequencing data quality control, prediction of new transcripts, differential expression analysis of genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and the KEGG pathway database are used for annotation and enrichment analysis of up-regulated genes and down-regulated genes.
For small RNA libraries, data analysis includes sequencing data process and sequencing data process QC, small RNA distribution across the genome, rRNA, tRNA, alignment with snRNA and snoRNA, construction of known miRNA expression pattern, prediction New miRNA and Study of their secondary structure Based on the expression pattern of miRNA, we perform not only GO / KEGG annotation and enrichment, but also different expression analysis.. Timepoint:RNA sequencing of 240 blood samples of 80 cases and its analysis, scheduled from June 30, 2022..
