Project description:Peripheral blood RNA-Seq from human coronary artery calcification cases and controls; Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a heritable and definitive morphologic marker of atherosclerosis that strongly predicts risk for future cardiovascular events. To search for genes involved in CAC, we used an integrative transcriptomic, genomic, and protein expression strategy using next-generation DNA sequencing in the discovery phase with follow-up studies using traditional molecular biology and histopathology techniques.
Project description:Peripheral blood RNA-Seq from human coronary artery calcification cases and controls; Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a heritable and definitive morphologic marker of atherosclerosis that strongly predicts risk for future cardiovascular events. To search for genes involved in CAC, we used an integrative transcriptomic, genomic, and protein expression strategy using next-generation DNA sequencing in the discovery phase with follow-up studies using traditional molecular biology and histopathology techniques. Eight cases and eight controls (matched for gender, age and ancestry); RNA sequencing of peripheral blood from a discovery set of eight CAC cases and eight matched controls was used to identify dysregulated genes, which were validated using the NanoString® and Affymetrix GeneChip® Human Exon ST Array platforms. The median CAC scores for cases in the screening and validation sets were 1531.5 and 668.5, respectively, while all controls had a score of zero.
Project description:To gain insight into the relationship between circulating monocytes and cardiovascular risk (CV) progression in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), we collected blood monocytes (CD14 positive selection) from 92 people with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery calcium score (CAC-score). Gene expression profiles of circulating monocytes were assessed by RNA sequencing.
Project description:Rationale: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has been independently associated with non-calcified, high-risk coronary plaques in low-to intermediate risk subjects. Recently, a bidirectional communication was shown between EAT and diseased coronary arteries. In high-risk patients it is unknown whether quantitative measures of EAT can capture, and which molecular players are involved in this mutual interplay. Objective: In a high-risk population, we aimed to determine how the volume of EAT is linked to coronary artery disease (CAD) and to identify potential EAT-deregulated pathways in CAD patients specifically related to coronary artery calcification (CAC). Methods and Results: In a prospective cohort of 574 degenerative severe aortic stenosis patients referred to cardiac surgery, we quantified fat depots by computed tomography (CT) and performed a comparative quantitative proteomics of thoracic fat, including EAT, mediastinal (MAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissues. We did not find an independent association of EAT volume with the severity, distribution and complexity of coronary stenosis in invasive coronary angiography. Although, EAT volume was correlated with high CAC, its cardiovascular risk factors-adjusted association was not significant. Taking as reference non-CAD matched-patients and compared to MAT and SAT, EAT proteomic signature of CAD was characterized by up-regulation of pro-calcifying annexins (Annexin A2, ANXA2), fatty acid binding transporters (FABP4) and inflammatory signaling proteins, and by down-regulation of fetuin-A and redox state regulatory enzymes. In EAT, ANXA2 regulation was positively correlated with CAC. EAT gene expression studies confirmed overexpression of ANXA2 and FABP4 in CAD, but no expression of FETUA was detected. Compared with non-CAD, fetuin-A circulating levels were higher in CAD, whereas no fetuin-A pericardial fluid differences were found. Conclusions: In this high-risk cohort, EAT presented an imbalance of pro-calcifying, pro-inflammatory and lipid transporters mediators. These local EAT-mediated regulatory mechanisms were not reflected by the CT volume of EAT alone.
Project description:Obesity is a major risk factor for several chronic diseases including diabetes, fatty liver disease and cancer. Despite similar propensities for obesity, Hispanics and African Americans exhibit unique and distinct differences in obesity related outcomes such as greater risk of, obesity-related cancers in AA and non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Hispanics. This study was aimed to determine whether differences in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) gene expression in obese, Hispanic and AA young adults might explain ethnic differences in obesity-related phenotypes. cross-sectional study design to compare subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression profiles of 19 Hispanic and 17 African American young adults
