Early response to loss of Argonaute proteins in embryonic stem cells activates the Tgf-ß/Smad Transcriptional Network
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PROVIDER: PRJNA396907 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Argonaute (Ago) proteins, which act in post-transcriptional gene regulation directed by small RNAs, are vital for normal stem cell biology. Here we report the genomic characterization of stable Ago-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) and determine the direct, primary and system level response to loss of Ago-mediated regulation. We find mESCs lacking all four Ago proteins are viable, do not repress microRNA (miRNA)-targeted cellular RNAs, and show distinctive gene network signatures. Profiling of RNA expression and epigenetic activity in an Ago mutant genetic series indicates that early responses to Ago loss are driven by transcriptional regulatory networks, in particular the Tgf-ß/Smad transcriptional network. This finding is confirmed using a time course analysis of Ago depletion and Ago rescue experiments. Detailed analysis places Tgf-ß/Smad activation upstream of cell cycle regulator activation, such as Cdkn1a, and repression of the c-Myc transcriptional network. The Tgf-ß/Smad pathway is directly controlled by multiple low-affinity miRNA interactions with Tgf-ß/Activin receptor mRNAs and receptor-mediated activation is required for Tgf-ß/Smad target induction with Ago loss. Our characterization reveals the interplay of post-transcriptional regulatory pathways with transcriptional networks in maintaining cell state and likely coordinating cell state transitions.
2019-06-01 | GSE102174 | GEO
Project description:Argonaute (Ago) proteins, which act in post-transcriptional gene regulation directed by small RNAs, are vital for normal stem cell biology. Here we report the genomic characterization of stable Ago-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) and determine the direct and system level response to loss of Ago-mediated regulation. We find mESCs lacking all four Ago proteins are viable, do not repress microRNA (miRNA)-targeted cellular RNAs, and show distinctive gene network signatures. Profiling of RNA expression and epigenetic activity in an Ago mutant genetic series indicates that early responses to Ago loss are driven by transcriptional regulatory networks, in particular the Tgf-ß/Smad transcriptional network. This finding is confirmed using a time course analysis of Ago depletion and Ago rescue experiments. Detailed analysis places Tgf-ß/Smad activation upstream of cell cycle regulator activation, such as Cdkn1a, and repression of the c-Myc transcriptional network. The Tgf-ß/Smad pathway is directly controlled by multiple low-affinity miRNA interactions with Tgf-ß/Activin receptor mRNAs and receptor-mediated activation is required for Tgf-ß/Smad target induction with Ago loss. Our characterization reveals the interplay of post-transcriptional regulatory pathways with transcriptional networks in maintaining cell state and likely coordinating cell state transitions.
2019-06-01 | GSE102172 | GEO
Project description:Argonaute (Ago) proteins, which act in post-transcriptional gene regulation directed by small RNAs, are vital for normal stem cell biology. Here we report the genomic characterization of stable Ago-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) and determine the direct, primary and system level response to loss of Ago-mediated regulation. We find mESCs lacking all four Ago proteins are viable, do not repress microRNA (miRNA)-targeted cellular RNAs, and show distinctive gene network signatures. Profiling of RNA expression and epigenetic activity in an Ago mutant genetic series indicates that early responses to Ago loss are driven by transcriptional regulatory networks, in particular the Tgf-ß/Smad transcriptional network. This finding is confirmed using a time course analysis of Ago depletion and Ago rescue experiments. Detailed analysis places Tgf-ß/Smad activation upstream of cell cycle regulator activation, such as Cdkn1a, and repression of the c-Myc transcriptional network. The Tgf-ß/Smad pathway is directly controlled by multiple low-affinity miRNA interactions with Tgf-ß/Activin receptor mRNAs and receptor-mediated activation is required for Tgf-ß/Smad target induction with Ago loss. Our characterization reveals the interplay of post-transcriptional regulatory pathways with transcriptional networks in maintaining cell state and likely coordinating cell state transitions.
2019-06-01 | GSE121166 | GEO
Project description:Argonaute (Ago) proteins, which act in post-transcriptional gene regulation directed by small RNAs, are vital for normal stem cell biology. Here we report the genomic characterization of stable Ago-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) and determine the direct, primary and system level response to loss of Ago-mediated regulation. We find mESCs lacking all four Ago proteins are viable, do not repress microRNA (miRNA)-targeted cellular RNAs, and show distinctive gene network signatures. Profiling of RNA expression and epigenetic activity in an Ago mutant genetic series indicates that early responses to Ago loss are driven by transcriptional regulatory networks, in particular the Tgf-ß/Smad transcriptional network. This finding is confirmed using a time course analysis of Ago depletion and Ago rescue experiments. Detailed analysis places Tgf-ß/Smad activation upstream of cell cycle regulator activation, such as Cdkn1a, and repression of the c-Myc transcriptional network. The Tgf-ß/Smad pathway is directly controlled by multiple low-affinity miRNA interactions with Tgf-ß/Activin receptor mRNAs and receptor-mediated activation is required for Tgf-ß/Smad target induction with Ago loss. Our characterization reveals the interplay of post-transcriptional regulatory pathways with transcriptional networks in maintaining cell state and likely coordinating cell state transitions.
2019-06-01 | GSE102173 | GEO
Project description:Early response to loss of Argonaute proteins in embryonic stem cells activates the Tgf-ß/Smad Transcriptional Network [mRNA-Seq: DicerDgcr8_KOs]
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Project description:To analyse whether the activation of TGF-ß signalling (recombinant hTGF-ß, 5 ng/mL; PeproTech) is able to invoke a full phenotype- switch, we performed RNA sequencing of melanoma cultures from two independent melanoma cell lines at two different time point after TGF-β1 (5 ng/ml, preprotech).
2020-04-17 | GSE148767 | GEO
Project description:By performing oligonucleotide microarray analysis the role of Smad4 in response to TGF-ß was evaluated in established MDA-MB-468 Smad4 negative and positive clones that were treated with TGF-ß for different time points. Keywords: time-course
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Project description:The non-receptor tyrosine kinase SRC is upregulated in various human cancers and plays crucial roles in cancer progression by promoting invasion and metastasis. We show that the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β/SMAD pathway directly upregulates SRC during the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In human epithelial MCF10A cells, TGF-β1 treatment markedly upregulated mRNA expression of SRC. Knockout of SMAD4 suppressed upregulation of SRC by TGF-β1. ChIP-sequencing analysis revealed that SRC was transcribed from the SRC1A promoter, which interacted with SMAD2 and SMAD4, in response to TGF-β1. These findings demonstrate that a direct interaction of the activated SMAD complex with the SRC1A promoter directly upregulates SRC and suggest that TGF-β contributes to SRC upregulation in the tumor microenvironment, where TGF-β-mediated tumor progression takes place.
2023-11-20 | GSE122913 | GEO
Project description:TGF-b is an important pleiotropic cytokine with potent immunoregulatory properties. Although many previous reports have been proposed for the immunoregulatory functions of TGF-b on T cells, such as the suppression of cell proliferation, cytokine production and cytokine signaling, as well as the induction of apoptosis, it is not well elucidated whether the each effect of TGF-b on T cells is dependent on Smad signaling or Smad-independent other signaling pathways. The aim of the study was to clarify the involvement of Smad signaling and to investigate the redundancy of Smad2 and Smad3 on various TGF-b-mediated regulation of gene expression in CD4+ T cells. We used microarrays to detail the global program of gene expression regulated by TGF-b in CD4+ T cells, and identified distinct classes of up/down-regulated genes which are dependent on or independent of TGF-b-Smad signaling. Most of genes regulated by TGF-b were redundantly dependent on Smad2 and Smad3, including Foxp3 and IL-2. In addition, some genes were sufficiently regulated via Smad2 or Smad3 signaling alone. In contrast, TGF-b-mediated RORgt induction was independent of Smad signaling. CD4+CD25-CD44loCD62Lhi T cells (naive) were isolated from the spleens in wild-type (WT), T cell-specific Smad2 conditional knockout (Smad2KO or Smad2del/del), Smad3 knockout (Smad3KO or Smad3-/-) or Smad2del/delSmad3+/- mice by using a BD FACS ariaTM cell sorter (BD Bioscience) (purity: >98%). Freshly purified cells were then stimulated with anti-TCR stimuli in the absence or presence of TGF-b for 24 hr, respectively. A complete and precise experimental procedure is given in the "treatment protocol". It was very difficult to obtain the enough number of CD4+CD25-CD44loCD62Lhi naive T cells from Smad2del/delSmad3-/- mice because alomost all of CD4+ T cells were activated in Smad2del/delSmad3-/- mice. We confirmed that the several known Smad-regulated genes were almost out of control in Smad2del/delSmad3+/- CD4+ T cells by using quantitative RT-PCR. Furthermore, previous studies have reported the similar results in other cell types deficit in two alleles of Smad2 and one allele of Smad3. For these reasons, we substituted Smad2del/delSmad3+/- naive T cells for Smad2/3-deficient naive T cells. Cells were quickly collected 24 hr after culture for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays.
2010-07-29 | E-GEOD-19601 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:TGF-b is an important pleiotropic cytokine with potent immunoregulatory properties. Although many previous reports have been proposed for the immunoregulatory functions of TGF-b on T cells, such as the suppression of cell proliferation, cytokine production and cytokine signaling, as well as the induction of apoptosis, it is not well elucidated whether the each effect of TGF-b on T cells is dependent on Smad signaling or Smad-independent other signaling pathways. The aim of the study was to clarify the involvement of Smad signaling and to investigate the redundancy of Smad2 and Smad3 on various TGF-b-mediated regulation of gene expression in CD4+ T cells. We used microarrays to detail the global program of gene expression regulated by TGF-b in CD4+ T cells, and identified distinct classes of up/down-regulated genes which are dependent on or independent of TGF-b-Smad signaling. Most of genes regulated by TGF-b were redundantly dependent on Smad2 and Smad3, including Foxp3 and IL-2. In addition, some genes were sufficiently regulated via Smad2 or Smad3 signaling alone. In contrast, TGF-b-mediated RORgt induction was independent of Smad signaling.
2010-06-22 | GSE19601 | GEO