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Uterine microbiome in postpartum dairy cows: Associations with ovarian cyclicity and endometrial transcriptome at five and nine weeks after calving

ABSTRACT: Uterine microbiome in postpartum dairy cows: Associations with ovarian cyclicity and endometrial transcriptome at five and nine weeks after calving

PROVIDER: PRJNA422614 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Uterine microbiome in postpartum dairy cows: Associations with ovarian cyclicity and endometrial transcriptome at five and nine weeks after calving

Project description:We hypothesized that the uterine microbiome postpartum would affect the endometrial transcriptome in “real-time” (implicating a direct interaction between microbial products and the endometrium and also that the microbiome could program the future function of the endometrium (implicating a uterine programming perhaps through mechanisms similar to inflammatory memory). To test this hypothesis, we performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the endometrial microbiome at one, five and nine weeks after calving and tested for an effect of the microbial population on the endometrial transcriptome at five and nine weeks after calving using mRNA-sequencing. As expected, the initiation of cyclicity and elevated circulating progesterone (P4) affected the endometrial transcriptome. We also report evidence for both “real-time” and long-term programming of the endometrial transcriptome by the microbiome. An unexpected result was that some of the affected genes in the endometrial microbiome on the endometrial transcriptome were identical to those affected by ovarian cyclicity. This unexpected observation may implicate an indirect mechanism through which the endometrial microbiome can act in a systemic manner to mediate endometrial function through a pathway that involves restoration of ovarian cyclicity postpartum.

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Project description:Cattle with subclinical endometritis (SCE) are sub-fertile, but there is no predictive or diagnosis tool for subclinical uterine disease. The hypothesis for this study was that endometrial inflammation is reflected in peripheral blood leucocytes gene expression. Transcriptome patterns in healthy cows and in cows with SCE at 45-55 days postpartum were evaluated using circulating white blood cells and endometrial biopsies samples collected from the same animals. Bioinformatics analyses of microarray-based transcriptional data identified gene profiles associated with distinct biological functions in circulating white blood cells and endometrium. In circulating white blood cells SCE promote a pro-inflammatory environment related to the activation of inflammation, whereas in the endometrium functions also related to tissue remodeling. Nineteen differentially expressed genes were altered both in circulating white blood cells and in the endometrium of SCE cows compared with healthy cows. Among these genes, transcript abundance of immune factors C3, C2, LTF, PF4 and TRAPPC13 were up-regulated in SCE cows at 45-55 days postpartum. Moreover, the mRNA expression of C3, CXCL8, LTF, TLR2 and TRAPPC13 was temporally regulated during the postpartum period in circulating white blood cells from healthy cows compared with SCE cows. This observation might indicate an advantageous activation of the immune system in healthy animals. The transcript abundance of these genes might also be used as an indicator for subsequent postpartum uterine health.

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Proteome dataset of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in postpartum dairy cows supplemented with different sources of omega-3 fatty acids

Project description:This article contains raw and processed data related to research published by Kra et al. [1]. There is a scarce knowledge on the proteome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) during the transition period in dairy cows. In human research, proteomics PBMC is used in order to gain insight into inflammatory diseases and syndromes. Dietary fats, and specifically omega-3 (n-3) FA, can moderate the immune fluctuation caused by parturition through improvements of the immune function [2]. Therefore, this study aim was to characterize the changes that may occur in proteome of PBMC during transition, as influenced by different n-3 FA supplementation. Proteomics data of PBMC was obtained from postpartum dairy cows supplemented peripartum with either encapsulated saturated fat (CTL), encapsulated flaxseed oil that is enriched with ALA (α-linolenic acid; FLX) or encapsulated fish oil that is enriched with EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid; FO).The analysis was done by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry from PBMCs protein extraction. The cells were collected from six cows per treatment during the 1st week postpartum. Quantification of differential abundance between groups was done using MS1 intensity based label-free. Label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics was used for characterization. This novel dataset of proteomics data from PBMC contains 3807 proteins; 44, 42 and 65 were differently abundant (P ≤ 0.05 and FC ± 1.5), in FLX vs. CTL, FO vs. CTL and FLX vs. FO, respectively; these findings are discussed in our recent research article [1]. The present dataset of PBMC proteome adds new information regarding the effects of n-3 FA on the immune system, while providing reference for PBMC proteome in postpartum dairy cows.

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The miRNAome of the postpartum dairy cow liver in negative energy balance

Project description:Negative energy balance (NEB) is an altered metabolic state in high yielding cows that occurs during the first few weeks postpartum when energy demands for lactation and maintenance exceed the energy supply from dietary intake. NEB can, in turn, lead to metabolic disorders and to reduced fertility. Alterations in the expression of more than 700 hepatic genes have previously been reported in a study of NEB in postpartum dairy cows. miRNAs (microRNA) are known to mediate many alterations in gene expression post transcriptionally. To study the hepatic miRNA content of postpartum dairy cows, including their overall abundance and differential expression, in mild NEB (MNEB) and severe NEB (SNEB) short read RNA sequencing was carried out.

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