Project description:Liver sex-specific long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were identified based on three pools of male and three pools of female ribosomal RNA-depleted total liver RNAs, as well as three pools of male and three pools of female ribosomal RNA-depleted nuclear liver RNAs from CD-1 mice. This dataset is part of a larger study, entitled "Sex-biased lncRNAs inversely correlate with sex-opposite gene co-expression networks in Diversity Outbred mouse liver", Endocrinology (2019) 160:989-1007, PMID:30840070.
Project description:RNA-seq analysis of intact male and female adult mouse liver. This GEO series is part of a larger study, where we investigated the impact of a single pulse of GH given to hypophysectomized mice on local liver chromatin accessibility [DNase hypersensitive site analysis], transcription rates [hnRNA analysis], and gene expression [quantitative PCR and RNA-Seq] determined 30, 90 or 240 min later. The STAT5-dependent but sex-independent early GH response genes Igf1 and Cish showed rapid, GH pulse-induced increases in chromatin accessibility and gene transcription, reversing the effects of hypophysectomy. Rapid increases in liver chromatin accessibility and transcriptional activity were also induced in hypophysectomized male mice for some (Ces2b, Ugt2b38) but not for other liver STAT5-dependent male-biased genes (Cyp7b1). Moreover, in pituitary-intact male mice, Igf1, Cish, Ces2b and Ugt2b38 all showed remarkable cycles of chromatin opening and closing, and associated cycles of induced gene transcription, which closely followed each endogenous pulse of liver STAT5 activity. Thus, the endogenous rhythms of male plasma GH pulsation dynamically open and then close liver chromatin at discrete, localized regulatory sites in temporal association with transcriptional activation of Igf1, Cish and a subset of STAT5-dependent male-biased genes.
Project description:A series of dual-channel gene expression profiles obtained using Rosetta/Agilent Whole Mouse Genome oligonucleotide microarrays, 4 x 44K format, was used to identify sex-dependent and HNF4alpha-dependent differences in gene expression in adult mouse liver. This series is comprised of four sex-genotype combinations: adult male wild-type liver (M-WT), adult female wild-type liver (F-WT), adult male liver-specific HNF4alpha knockout liver (M-KO) and adult female liver-specific HNF4alpha knockout liver (F-KO). Four pools, each comprised of 4 randomly selected individual liver RNAs, were prepared for each sex-genotype combination. The pools were paired randomly to generate 4 separate experimental comparisons: M-WT:F-WT (first array comparison), M-WT:M-KO (second array comparison), F-WT:F-KO (third array comparison), and M-KO:F-KO (fourth array comparison). A total of 4994 HNF4alpha-dependent genes were identified, of which ~1000 fewer genes responded to the loss of HNF4alpha in female liver as compared to male liver. Moreover, 90% of the genes showing sex-specific expression in the liver were shown to lose sex specificity in HNF4alpha-deficient liver. Experiment Overall Design: An Alexa555-labeled cDNA sample is co-hybridized with an Alexa647-labeled cDNA sample. The samples are then dye-swapped and compared again on a second microarray chip. Together, these two mixed cDNA samples are considered a fluorescent reverse pair (dye swap). Similarly, a second fluorescent reverse pair is generated and the two pairs are averaged. The normalized expression ratio for each array is reported along with the two separate intensities. In this way, dye swaps were carried out for each of the four experimental comparisons. Thus, four microarrays, one for each mixed cDNA sample, were hybridized for each of the four fluorescent reverse pairs, giving a total of 16 microarrays.
Project description:Total RNA-seq analysis of mouse liver RNA following locked nucleic acids (LNAs) treatment to identify mRNA targets of mmu-miR-802-5p and mmu-miR-1948-5p in vivo. These datasets are part of a study where we used small RNA sequencing to discover 24 sex-biased mouse liver miRNAs, and then investigated the roles of two of these miRNAs in GH-regulated liver sex differences. Studies in pre-pubertal and young adult mice, and in mice where pituitary hormones are ablated or where sex-specific hepatic GH signaling is dysregulated, demonstrated that the male-biased miR-1948 and the female-biased miR-802 are both regulated by sex-specific pituitary GH secretory patterns, acquire sex specificity at puberty, and are dependent on the GH-activated transcription factor STAT5 for their sex-specific expression. Both miRNAs are within genomic regions characterized by sex-biased chromatin accessibility. miR-1948, a novel, uncharacterized miRNA, has essential features for correct Drosha/Dicer processing, generates a bona fide mature miRNA with strong strand bias for the 5p arm, and is bound by Argonaute in liver tissue, as is miR-802. In vivo studies using inhibitory locked nucleic acid sequences revealed that miR-1948-5p preferentially represses female-biased mRNAs and induces male-biased mRNAs in male liver, and conversely, miR-802-5p preferentially represses male-biased mRNAs and increases levels of female-biased mRNAs in female liver. Cytochrome P450 mRNAs were strongly enriched as targets of both miRNAs. Thus, miR-1948-5p and miR-802-5p are functional components of the GH regulatory network that shapes sex-differential gene expression in mouse liver.
Project description:Each array hybridization involved one male sample hybridized in competition to one female sample. For each hybridization one sample was labeled with Cy5 and the other with Cy3. Half of the male samples were labeled with Cy5 and rest with Cy3. Each hybridization was tissue-specific (i.e., hybridize male brain vs. female brain, male liver vs. female liver, etc.). A total of 10 male-female hybridizations were performed using adult brain, 7 for liver, 9 for kidney and 8 for postnatal day1 brain. One hybridization each from adult brain and liver were discarded because the hybridization intensities were far out of range.
Project description:Gene expression in adult male and female mouse liver was assayed by RNA-seq, as part of a study on chromatin states in male and female mouse and their role in sex-biased liver gene expression (A Sugathan and DJ Waxman (2013) Mol Cell Biol. 33:3594-3610. doi: 10.1128/MCB.00280-13).
Project description:Gene expression in adult male and female mouse liver assayed by RNA-seq, as part of a study on chromatin states in male and female mouse and their role in sex-biased liver gene expression (A Sugathan and DJ Waxman (2013) Molec Cell Biol, in press). Total liver RNA was prepared from 12 individual male and 12 individual female mice. Four RNA pools, comprised of RNA isolated from 6 individual male or female livers (2 pooled biological replicates for each sex) were then prepared and used for RNA-seq.
Project description:Growth hormone (GH)-regulated transcription factors, notably STAT5 and BCL6, play a major role in regulating genes showing sex differences in expression in mouse liver, primarily through their effects in male liver, where male-biased genes are up regulated and many female-biased genes are actively repressed. Here we investigate whether complementary mechanisms, involving up regulation of female-biased genes and down regulation of male-biased genes occur in female liver. To address this question, we identified genes regulated by Cux2, a highly female-specific transcription factor that is repressed in male liver and is induced by the female plasma GH pattern in female liver. ChIP-seq analysis identified Cux2 binding sites in female liver only, where they are enriched at sites of male-biased DNase hypersensitivity and at genomic regions showing male-enriched STAT5 binding. Cux2 binding sites were enriched at genes repressed by adenoviral-Cux2, but not at genes induced by adenoviral-Cux2 (see GSE35897), indicating a direct binding mechanism in Cux2 repression but not in Cux2-dependent gene induction. (Published in: TL Conforto et al 2012, Mol Cell Biol. 2012, 32:4611-4627. PubMed PMID: 22966202; PMCID: PMC3486175)