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Pervasive transcription-dependent chromatin remodeling influences the replication initiation program

ABSTRACT: Pervasive transcription-dependent chromatin remodeling influences the replication initiation program

PROVIDER: PRJNA435729 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Pervasive transcription-dependent chromatin remodeling influences the replication initiation program

Project description:We report here the importance of pervasive transcription in the regulation of replication origins activity in S. cerevisiae. Replication profiles and chromatin profiles were obtained by BrdU-seq and MNase-seq respectively.

2018-02-24 | GSE111058 | GEO

Noncoding transcription influences the replication initiation program through chromatin regulation.

Project description: Not available

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MINC Regulates Pervasive Transcription in Yeast and Mammals

Project description:Purpose: We want to know whether MINC(Mot1-Ino80C-NC2) suppress pervasive transcription at both euchromatin and heterochromatin Using next generation sequencing we show that Mot1, Ino80 chromatin remodeling complex (Ino80C), and NC2 (MINC) colocalize on chromatin and cooperate to suppress pervasive transcription in S. cerevisiae and murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Conclusion: Our ChIP-Seq and mRNA-Seq data show that MINC regulates pervasive transcription in yeast and mammals

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Temporal Regulation of Head-on Transcription at Replication Initiation Sites

Project description:Head-on collisions between the DNA replication machinery and RNA polymerase are potent genotoxic events leading to replication fork stalling, R-loop formation, and DNA breaks. Current models suggest that head-on collisions are avoided through replication initiation site (RIS) placement upstream of active genes, thus ensuring co-orientation of replication fork movement and genic transcription. However, this model does not account for pervasive transcription units, or intragenic replication initiation events. Through mining phased GRO-seq data, and developing a rigorous informatic strategy to identify RIS, we demonstrate that head-on transcription occurs frequently in a breast cancer cell line, and that this transcription is significantly downregulated during S-phase, particularly in regions susceptible to R-loop formation. Collectively, our analysis suggests the existence of a temporally tuned transcriptional regulation mechanism that functions to maintain genome stability.

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HDACs act on ribosomal DNA to control the yeast replication program and the competition between origins for limiting initiation factors

Project description:In S. cerevisiae, replication timing is controlled by epigenetic mechanisms restricting the accessibility of origins to limiting initiation factors. About 30% of these origins are located within repetitive DNA sequences such as the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) array, but their regulation is poorly understood. Here, we have investigated how histone deacetylases (HDACs) control the replication program in budding yeast. This analysis revealed that two HDACs, Rpd3 and Sir2, control replication timing in an opposite manner. Whereas Rpd3 delays initiation at late origins, Sir2 is required for the timely activation of early origins. Moreover, Sir2 represses initiation at rDNA origins whereas Rpd3 counteracts this effect. Remarkably, deletion of SIR2 restored normal replication in rpd3 cells by reactivating rDNA origins. Together, these data indicate that HDACs control the replication timing program in budding yeast by modulating the ability of repeated origins to compete with single-copy origins for limiting initiation factors. BrdU-IP-chip analysis of origin usage in different yeast HDAC mutants

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Chromatin remodeling protein HELLS is critical for retinoblastoma tumor initiation and progression

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Suppression of pervasive noncoding transcription in embryonic stem cells by esBAF

Project description:Approximately 75% of the human genome is transcribed, the majority of which does not encode protein. However, most noncoding RNA (ncRNA) is rapidly degraded after transcription, and relatively few have established functions, questioning the significance of this observation. Here we show that esBAF, a SWI/SNF family nucleosome remodeling factor, suppresses transcription of ncRNAs from approximately 57,000 nucleosome-depleted regions (NDRs) throughout the genome of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). We show that esBAF functions both to keep NDRs nucleosome-free and to promote elevated nucleosome occupancy adjacent to NDRs. Reduction of adjacent nucleosome occupancy upon esBAF depletion is strongly correlated with ncRNA expression, suggesting that flanking nucleosomes form a barrier to pervasive transcription. Upon forcing nucleosome occupancy near an NDR using a nucleosome-positioning sequence, we find that esBAF is no longer required to silence transcription. These data reveal a novel role for esBAF in suppressing pervasive transcription from open chromatin regions in ESCs. Examine nucleosome occupancy (MNase-Seq) and transcript production (CapSeq and RNA-Seq) in EGFP KD and Smarca4 KD ESCs

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Rho and NusG suppress pervasive antisense transcription in Escherichia coli

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HDACs act on ribosomal DNA to control the yeast replication program and the competition between origins for limiting initiation factors [Mnase-seq]

Project description:In S. cerevisiae, replication timing is controlled by epigenetic mechanisms restricting the accessibility of origins to limiting initiation factors. About 30% of these origins are located within repetitive DNA sequences such as the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) array, but their regulation is poorly understood. Here, we have investigated how histone deacetylases (HDACs) control the replication program in budding yeast. This analysis revealed that two HDACs, Rpd3 and Sir2, control replication timing in an opposite manner. Whereas Rpd3 delays initiation at late origins, Sir2 is required for the timely activation of early origins. Moreover, Sir2 represses initiation at rDNA origins whereas Rpd3 counteracts this effect. Remarkably, deletion of SIR2 restored normal replication in rpd3 cells by reactivating rDNA origins. Together, these data indicate that HDACs control the replication timing program in budding yeast by modulating the ability of repeated origins to compete with single-copy origins for limiting initiation factors. MNase-seq analysis of nucleosome position in wt, sir2 and rpd3 cells, aligned against genomic DNA (sacCer3; *sorted_s3.bed) and rDNA sequences (*rdna_nucleosomes.bed)

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