Project description:Background Alterations of the gut microbiome have been linked to multiple chronic diseases. However, the drivers of such changes remain largely unknown. The oral cavity acts as a major route of exposure to exogenous factors including pathogens, and processes therein may affect the communities in the subsequent compartments of the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we perform strain-resolved, integrated multi-omic analyses of saliva and stool samples collected from eight families with multiple cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Results We identified distinct oral microbiota mostly reflecting competition between streptococcal species. More specifically, we found a decreased abundance of the commensal Streptococcus salivarius in the oral cavity of T1DM individuals, which is linked to its apparent competition with the pathobiont Streptococcus mutans. The decrease in S. salivarius in the oral cavity was also associated with its decrease in the gut as well as higher abundances in facultative anaerobes including Enterobacteria. In addition, we found evidence of gut inflammation in T1DM as reflected in the expression profiles of the Enterobacteria as well as in the human gut proteome. Finally, we were able to follow transmitted strain-variants from the oral cavity to the gut at the metagenomic, metatranscriptomic and metaproteomic levels, highlighting not only the transfer, but also the activity of the transmitted taxa along the gastrointestinal tract. Conclusions Alterations of the oral microbiome in the context of T1DM impact the microbial communities in the lower gut, in particular through the reduction of “oral-to-gut” transfer of Streptococcus salivarius. Our results indicate that the observed oral-cavity-driven gut microbiome changes may contribute towards the inflammatory processes involved in T1DM. Through the integration of multi-omic analyses, we resolve strain-variant “mouth-to-gut” transfer in a disease context.
Project description:Three SAGE libraries brushed from the surface of the tongue and three SAGE libraries extracted from oral biopsies define the normal oral transcriptome. Keywords: SAGE, normal oral Six SAGE libraries isolated from the oral cavity were used to define the oral transcriptome.
Project description:Gene Expression Profiling of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) was performed to delineate candidate genes clusters with potential to distinguish normal and tumor tissue from oral cavity. All tissue samples were collected after obtaining written informed consent. The RNA profile of 27 OSCC patients was compared with 4 independent controls and 1 pooled control oral cavity tissue from healthy donors. Agilent one-color experiment, Organism: Human, Agilent-014850 Whole Human Genome Microarray 4x44K G4112F
Project description:Genome wide high resolution assay of copy number in a series of frozen, microdissected head and neck cancers originating from the oral cavity. The objective was to characterize areas of amplification and deletion in head and neck cancers arising from the oral cavity subsite.
