Functional characterizations of the Hippo pathway effectors YAP and TAZ
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PROVIDER: PRJNA437466 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The Hippo pathway downstream effectors, Yap and Taz, play key roles in cell proliferation and tissue growth, regulating gene expression especially via interaction with Tead transcription factors. To investigate their role in skeletal muscle stem cells, we analysed gene expression changes driven by Taz and compared these to Yap mediated changes to the transcriptome by measurement of gene expression on Affymetrix microarrays. To interrogate overlapping and unique transcriptional changes driven by these Hippo effectors, satellite cell-derived myoblasts were transduced with constitutively active TAZ S89A or YAP S127A retrovirus for 24h or 48h, with empty retrovirus as control. Triplicate microarray analyses of empty vector controls, hYAP1 S127A and TAZ S89A transgenic primary myoblasts were conducted.
2017-06-20 | E-MTAB-5395 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The Hippo pathway plays an important role in regulating tissue homeostasis, and its effectors YAP and TAZ are responsible for mediating the vast majority of its physiological functions. Although YAP and TAZ are thought to be largely redundant and similarly regulated by Hippo signaling, they have developmental, structural, and physiological differences which suggest there may be differences in their regulation and downstream functions. To better understand the functions of YAP and TAZ in the Hippo pathway, we generated knockout cells and evaluated them in response to many conditions and stimuli. Here, we used RNA-seq to identify and compare differences in the transcriptional profiles between the YAP and TAZ.
2018-05-25 | GSE111583 | GEO
Project description:Abstract Hippo pathway downstream effectors Yap and Taz play key roles in cell proliferation and regeneration, regulating gene expression especially via interaction with Tead transcription factors. To investigate their role in skeletal muscle stem cells, we analysed Taz in vivo and ex vivo in comparison to Yap. Taz was expressed in activated satellite cells. siRNA knockdown or constitutive expression of wildtype or constitutively active TAZ mutants showed that TAZ promoted proliferation, a function that was shared with YAP. However, at later stages of myogenesis, TAZ also enhanced myogenic differentiation of myoblasts, whereas YAP inhibits such differentiation. Functionally, while muscle growth was mildly affected in Taz (gene symbol Wwtr1-/-) knockout mice, there were no overt effect on regeneration. However, conditional knockout of Yap in satellite cells of Pax7Cre-ERT2/+ : Yapflox/flox : Rosa26Lacz mice produced a marked regeneration deficit. To identify potential mechanisms, microarray analysis showed many common Taz/Yap targets, but Taz also regulates some genes independently of Yap, including myogenic genes such as Pax7, Myf5 and Myod1. Proteomic analysis of Yap/Taz revealed many common binding partners, but Taz also interacts with proteins distinct from Yap, that are mainly involved in myogenesis and aspects of cytoskeleton organization. Neither TAZ nor YAP bind members of the Wnt destruction complex but both extensively changed expression of Wnt and Wnt-cross talking genes with known roles in myogenesis. Finally, TAZ operates through Tead4 to enhance myogenic differentiation. In summary, Taz and Yap have overlapping functions in promoting myoblast proliferation but Taz then switches to promote myogenic differentiation.
2017-06-13 | PXD005751 | Pride
Project description:The Hippo pathway plays a crucial in organ size control during development and tissue homeostasis in adult life. To examine a role for Hippo signaling in the intestinal epithelium, we analyzed gene expression patterns in the mouse intestinal epithelilum transfected with siRNAs or expression plasmids for shRNAs targeting the Hippo pathway effectors, YAP and TAZ. We performed two independent series of experiments (siGFP (n=3) vs siYAP/siTAZ (n=3), and shLacZ (n=1) vs shYAP/shTAZ (n=1)). Control siRNA (siGFP), YAP/TAZ siRNAs, or expression plasmids for control shRNA (shLacZ) or YAP/TAZ shRNAs were introduced into the mouse intestinal epithelium by the newly-developed in vivo transfection method. Four days after transfection, intestinal epithelial cells were isolated from the tissues and total RNA was extracted.
2014-07-18 | E-GEOD-45155 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The paralogous transcriptional cofactors Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ, also called WWTR1), the main effectors of the Hippo signal transduction pathway, are emerging as pivotal determinants of malignancy in cancer. We aim to compare the transcriptome altered by knockdown of YAP, TAZ or both using siRNA in MDA-MB-231 (derived from human metastatic breast adenocarcinoma).
2023-03-20 | GSE205726 | GEO
Project description:Adenovirus-transformed cells have a de-differentiated phenotype. Eliminating E1A in transformed human embryonic kidney cells de-repressed ~2600 genes, generating a gene expression profile closely resembling mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). This was associated with a dramatic change in cell morphology from one with scant cytoplasm and a globular nucleus to one with increased cytoplasm, extensive actin stress fibers and actomyosin-dependent flattening against the substratum. E1A-induced histone hypoacetylation by p300/CBP at H3K27/18 was reversed. Most of the increase in H3K27/18ac was near TEAD transcription factors associated with their co-activators YAP and TAZ regulated by the Hippo pathway. E1A causes YAP/TAZ cytoplasmic sequestration. After eliminating E1A, YAP/TAZ were transported into nuclei where they associated with poised enhancers with DNA-bound TEAD4 and H3K4me1. This activation of YAP/TAZ required RHO-family GTPase signaling and caused histone acetylation by p300/CBP, chromatin remodeling, and cohesin loading to establish MSC-associated enhancers and then super-enhancers. Consistent results were also observed in rat embryo kidney cells, human fibroblasts and human respiratory tract epithelial cells. These results together with earlier studies suggest that YAP/TAZ function in a developmental check-point controlled by signaling from the actin cytoskeleton that prevents differentiation of a progenitor cell until it is in the correct cellular and tissue environment.
2019-06-01 | GSE130136 | GEO
Project description:Adenovirus-transformed cells have a de-differentiated phenotype. Eliminating E1A in transformed human embryonic kidney cells de-repressed ~2600 genes, generating a gene expression profile closely resembling mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). This was associated with a dramatic change in cell morphology from one with scant cytoplasm and a globular nucleus to one with increased cytoplasm, extensive actin stress fibers and actomyosin-dependent flattening against the substratum. E1A-induced histone hypoacetylation by p300/CBP at H3K27/18 was reversed. Most of the increase in H3K27/18ac was near TEAD transcription factors associated with their co-activators YAP and TAZ regulated by the Hippo pathway. E1A causes YAP/TAZ cytoplasmic sequestration. After eliminating E1A, YAP/TAZ were transported into nuclei where they associated with poised enhancers with DNA-bound TEAD4 and H3K4me1. This activation of YAP/TAZ required RHO-family GTPase signaling and caused histone acetylation by p300/CBP, chromatin remodeling, and cohesin loading to establish MSC-associated enhancers and then super-enhancers. Consistent results were also observed in rat embryo kidney cells, human fibroblasts and human respiratory tract epithelial cells. These results together with earlier studies suggest that YAP/TAZ function in a developmental check-point controlled by signaling from the actin cytoskeleton that prevents differentiation of a progenitor cell until it is in the correct cellular and tissue environment.
2019-06-01 | GSE130135 | GEO
Project description:Adenovirus-transformed cells have a de-differentiated phenotype. Eliminating E1A in transformed human embryonic kidney cells de-repressed ~2600 genes, generating a gene expression profile closely resembling mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). This was associated with a dramatic change in cell morphology from one with scant cytoplasm and a globular nucleus to one with increased cytoplasm, extensive actin stress fibers and actomyosin-dependent flattening against the substratum. E1A-induced histone hypoacetylation by p300/CBP at H3K27/18 was reversed. Most of the increase in H3K27/18ac was near TEAD transcription factors associated with their co-activators YAP and TAZ regulated by the Hippo pathway. E1A causes YAP/TAZ cytoplasmic sequestration. After eliminating E1A, YAP/TAZ were transported into nuclei where they associated with poised enhancers with DNA-bound TEAD4 and H3K4me1. This activation of YAP/TAZ required RHO-family GTPase signaling and caused histone acetylation by p300/CBP, chromatin remodeling, and cohesin loading to establish MSC-associated enhancers and then super-enhancers. Consistent results were also observed in rat embryo kidney cells, human fibroblasts and human respiratory tract epithelial cells. These results together with earlier studies suggest that YAP/TAZ function in a developmental check-point controlled by signaling from the actin cytoskeleton that prevents differentiation of a progenitor cell until it is in the correct cellular and tissue environment.
2019-06-01 | GSE130133 | GEO
Project description:Invadopodia are adhesive, actin - rich pro trusions , formed by metastatic cancer cells , that degrade the extracellular matrix and facilitate invasion . They support the metastatic cascade by a spatially and temporally coordinated process where by invading cells bind to the matrix , degrade it by speci fic metalloproteinases , and mechanically penetrate diverse tissue ba rriers by forming actin - rich extensions . However, despite the apparent involvement of invadopodia in the metasta t i c process , the molecular mechanisms that regulate invadopodia formation an d function are still largely unclear. In this study, we have explored the involvement of the key Hippo pathway co - regulators , namely YAP , and TAZ , in invadopodia formation and matrix degradation. Towards that goal, we tested the effect of depletion of YAP, TAZ , or both on invadopodia formation and activity in multiple human cancer cell lines. We report that knockdown of YAP and TAZ or their inh ibit ion by verteporfin indu ce a significant elevation in matrix degradation and invadopodia formation in several ca ncer cell lines . Conversely , o verexpression of these proteins strongly suppress es invadopodia formation and matrix degradation . Proteomic and transcriptomic profiling of MDA - MB - 231 cells , following co - knockdown of YAP and TAZ , revealed a significant change in the levels of key invadopodia - associated proteins, including the crucial proteins Tks5 and MT1 - MMP (MMP14). Collectively, our findings show that YAP and TAZ act as negative regulators of invadopodia formation in diverse cancer lines, most likely by red ucing the levels of essential invadopodia components. Dissecting the molecular mechanisms of invadopodia formation in cancer invasion may eventually reveal novel targets for therapeutic applications against invasive cancer
2023-03-20 | PXD034562 | Pride
Project description:The Hippo pathway controls the activity of YAP/TAZ transcriptional coactivators through a kinase cascade. Despite the critical role of this pathway in tissue growth and tumorigenesis, it is not fully understood how YAP/TAZ–mediated transcription drives proliferation. By analyzing the effects of inactivating LATS1/2 kinases, the direct upstream inhibitors of YAP/TAZ, on mouse brain development and applying cell-number–normalized transcriptome analysis, we discovered that YAP/TAZ activation causes a global increase in transcription activity, known as hypertranscription, and upregulates many genes associated with increased biosynthetic capacity and proliferation. In contrast, conventional read-depth–normalized RNA-sequencing analysis failed to detect the scope of the transcriptome shift and missed most relevant gene ontologies. Hypertranscription in neural progenitors inhibits differentiation and triggers DNA replication stress, DNA damage, and p53 activation, resulting in massive apoptosis. Our findings reveal the remarkable impact of YAP/TAZ activation on global transcription activity and have important implications for understanding YAP/TAZ function
2019-02-19 | GSE119935 | GEO