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The consequences of trehalose intake on brain metabolism in mice

ABSTRACT: The consequences of trehalose intake on brain metabolism in mice

PROVIDER: PRJNA449666 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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The consequences of trehalose intake on brain metabolism in mice

Project description:In the present study, we investigated the consequences of trehalose intake on brain metabolism in mice drinking for 0, 1, and 10 days. Microarray analyses were performed to identify the molecular targets involved in the brain metabolism of trehalose intake.

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A Brain-Melanocortin-Vagus axis mediates adipose tissue expansion independently of energy intake.

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Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Reveals Food Intake-Induced Neuropeptide Level Changes in Rat Brain and Functional Assessment of Selected Neuropeptides as Feeding Regulators

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Psychosocial stress-induced brain atrophy and its suppression via theanine intake

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Psychosocial stress-induced brain atrophy and its suppression via theanine intake

Project description:When mice of accelerated senescence prone 10 (SAMP10) were psychosocially stressed using male mouse’s territorial imperative, the mice exhibited higher cerebral atrophy and cognitive dysfunction than same-aged group-housing mice. The brain atrophy was examined using MRI. The volumes of various brain areas were decreased at the time of one month after confrontational housing. However, in SAMP10 mice ingesting theanine, the main amino acid in tea leaves, brain atrophy was suppressed even under confrontational housing. To investigate the function of theanine, the early response against stress was examined at the third day of confrontational housing. The level of transcription factor Npas4 that plays a role in the development of inhibitory synapses for regulating the balance between excitation and suppression was significantly increased by theanine intake. Actually, the levels of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, were balanced in the mice ingested theanine under confrontational housing. These data suggest that theanine suppresses stress-induced damage in the brain via increased expression of Npas4 and regulation of excitement/suppression balance. In addition, SAMP10 is a useful model of stress vulnerability.

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Genomewide effects of regular caffeine intake on hippocampal metabolism and learning-dependent transcription

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The influence of adolescent nicotine exposure on ethanol intake brain gene expression

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Acute dietary fat intake initiates alterations in energy metabolism and insulin resistance

Project description:BACKGROUND. Dietary intake of saturated fat is a likely contributor to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance, but the mechanisms that initiate these abnormalities in humans remain unclear. We examined the effects of a single oral saturated fat load on insulin sensitivity, hepatic glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism in humans. Similarly, initiating mechanisms were examined after an equivalent challenge in mice. METHODS. Fourteen lean, healthy individuals randomly received either palm oil (PO) or vehicle (VCL). Hepatic metabolism was analyzed using in vivo 13C/31P/1H and ex vivo 2H magnetic resonance spectroscopy before and during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps with isotope dilution. Mice underwent identical clamp procedures and hepatic transcriptome analyses. RESULTS. PO administration decreased whole-body, hepatic, and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity by 25%, 15%, and 34%, respectively. Hepatic triglyceride and ATP content rose by 35% and 16%, respectively. Hepatic gluconeogenesis increased by 70%, and net glycogenolysis declined by 20%. Mouse transcriptomics revealed that PO differentially regulates predicted upstream regulators and pathways, including LPS, members of the TLR and PPAR families, NF-κB, and TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK). CONCLUSION. Saturated fat ingestion rapidly increases hepatic lipid storage, energy metabolism, and insulin resistance. This is accompanied by regulation of hepatic gene expression and signaling that may contribute to development of NAFLD.

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