Differential expression and co-expression gene networks reveal candidate biomarkers of boar taint in non-castrated pigs (RNA-seq data set)
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PROVIDER: PRJNA451072 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Boar taint (BT) is an offensive odour or taste observed in pork from a proportion of non-castrated male pigs. Surgical castration is effective in avoiding BT, but animal welfare issues have created an incentive for alternatives such as genomic selection. In order to find candidate biomarkers, gene expression profiles were analysed from tissues of non-castrated pigs grouped by their genetic merit of BT. Differential expression analysis revealed substantial changes with log-transformed fold changes of liver and testis from −3.39 to 2.96 and −7.51 to 3.53, respectively. Co-expression network analysis revealed one module with a correlation of −0.27 in liver and three modules with correlations of 0.31, −0.44 and −0.49 in testis. Differential expression and co-expression analysis revealed candidate biomarkers with varying biological functions: phase I (COQ3, COX6C, CYP2J2, CYP2B6, ACOX2) and phase II metabolism (GSTO1, GSR, FMO3) of skatole and androstenone in liver to steroidgenesis (HSD17B7, HSD17B8, CYP27A1), regulation of steroidgenesis (STARD10, CYB5R3) and GnRH signalling (MAPK3, MAP2K2, MAP3K2) in testis. Overrepresented pathways included “Ribosome”, “Protein export” and “Oxidative phosphorylation” in liver and “Steroid hormone biosynthesis” and “Gap junction” in testis. Future work should evaluate the biomarkers in large populations to ensure their usefulness in genomic selection programs.
2018-04-18 | GSE113316 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC5610188 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Boar taint is an offensive odour and/or taste from a proportion of non-castrated male pigs caused by skatole and androstenone accumulation during sexual maturity. Castration is widely used to avoid boar taint but is currently under debate because of animal welfare concerns. This study aimed to identify expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) with potential effects on boar taint compounds to improve breeding possibilities for reduced boar taint. Danish Landrace male boars with low, medium and high genetic merit for skatole and human nose score (HNS) were slaughtered at ~100 kg. Gene expression profiles were obtained by RNA-Seq, and genotype data were obtained by an Illumina 60K Porcine SNP chip. Following quality control and filtering, 10,545 and 12,731 genes from liver and testis were included in the eQTL analysis, together with 20,827 SNP variants. A total of 205 and 109 single-tissue eQTLs associated with 102 and 58 unique genes were identified in liver and testis, respectively. By employing a multivariate Bayesian hierarchical model, 26 eQTLs were identified as significant multi-tissue eQTLs. The highest densities of eQTLs were found on pig chromosomes SSC12, SSC1, SSC13, SSC9 and SSC14. Functional characterisation of eQTLs revealed functions within regulation of androgen and the intracellular steroid hormone receptor signalling pathway and of xenobiotic metabolism by cytochrome P450 system and cellular response to oestradiol. A QTL enrichment test revealed 89 QTL traits curated by the Animal Genome PigQTL database to be significantly overlapped by the genomic coordinates of cis-acting eQTLs. Finally, a subset of 35 cis-acting eQTLs overlapped with known boar taint QTL traits. These eQTLs could be useful in the development of a DNA test for boar taint but careful monitoring of other overlapping QTL traits should be performed to avoid any negative consequences of selection.
2018-04-18 | GSE113318 | GEO
Project description:Differences in adipose tissue deposition and properties between pig male sex categories, i.e., entire male, immunocastrated and surgically castrated pigs are relatively well characterized, whereas the underlying genetic mechanisms are still not fully understood. To gain the knowledge about the genetic regulation of the differences in adipose tissue deposition, RNA-sequencing approach was used. A total of 83 differentially expressed genes were identified between entire male and immunocastrated pigs, 15 between immunocastrated and surgically castrated pigs and 48 between entire male and surgically castrated pigs by RNA-sequencing of the subcutaneous adipose tissue. Comparing entire male with immunocastrated or surgically castrated pigs, upregulated genes related to extracellular matrix dynamics, and downregulated genes involved in the control of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were determinated. Moreover, differential gene expression in general indicated a high similarity between immunocastrated and surgically castrated pigs in contrast to entire males, except for several heat shock protein genes which were upregulated in entire male and immunocastrated pigs compared with surgically castrated pigs.
2021-03-03 | GSE164391 | GEO
Project description:Boar taint (BT) is an offensive flavor observed in non-castrated male pigs that reduces the carcass price. Surgical castration effectively avoids the taint but is associated with animal welfare concerns. The functional annotation of farm animal genomes (FAANG) for understanding the biology of complex traits and diseases can be used in the selection of breeding animals to achieve favorable phenotypic outcomes. The characterization of pig epigenomes/methylation changes between animals with high and low BT and genome-wide epigenetic markers that can predict BT are lacking. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) of DNA methylation patterns based on next generation sequencing (NGS) is an efficient technology to identify candidate epigenetic biomarkers associated with BT. Three different BT levels were analyzed using RRBS data to calculate the methylation levels of cytosine. The co-analysis of differentially methylated cytosines (DMCs) identified by this study and differentially expressed (DE) genes identified by previous study found 32 significant co-located genes. The joint analysis of GO terms and pathways revealed that methylation and gene expression of seven candidate genes were associated with BT; in particular, FASN plays a key role in fatty acid biosynthesis, and PEMT might be involved in estrogen regulation and the development of BT. This study is the first to report the genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of BT in pigs using NGS and summarize candidate genes associated with epigenetic markers of BT, which could contribute to the understanding of functional biology of BT traits and selective breeding of pigs against BT based on epigenetic biomarkers.
2019-10-01 | GSE129385 | GEO
Project description:Genomics and transcriptomics of boar taint in pigs
| PRJNA362224 | ENA
Project description:Boar taint described as an offensive odor that is released while cooking pork. Androstenone, a steroid mainly synthesized in testis and metabolized in liver is one of the major causes of boar taint. The aim of the present study was to investigate transcriptome differences in boar testis and liver tissues with divergent androstenone levels using RNA deep sequencing (RNA-Seq). For this purpose, mRNA expression from testis and liver tissue samples from 10 boars, 5 samples each for high and low androstenone levels were quantified and analyzed. The results shows that in testis samples 46 genes were differentially regulated whereas 25 genes showed differential expression in the liver. Digital gene expression analysis identified genes in keratin family, desmoplakin and Interferon-induced protein family for as candidate genes for low androstenone testis sample and genes in flavin monooxygenease family, cytochrome P450 family and hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase family as candidate genes for low androstenone liver sample. Additionally, the results revealed that mutations in genes IRG6, DSP, IFIT2 were specific for low androstenone testis tissues and mutations in genes FMO5, HIST1H4K and TSKU were specific for low androstenone liver samples.
2013-02-09 | GSE44171 | GEO
Project description:Boar taint described as an offensive odor that is released while cooking pork. Androstenone, a steroid mainly synthesized in testis and metabolized in liver is one of the major causes of boar taint. The aim of the present study was to investigate transcriptome differences in boar testis and liver tissues with divergent androstenone levels using RNA deep sequencing (RNA-Seq). For this purpose, mRNA expression from testis and liver tissue samples from 10 boars, 5 samples each for high and low androstenone levels were quantified and analyzed. The results shows that in testis samples 46 genes were differentially regulated whereas 25 genes showed differential expression in the liver. Digital gene expression analysis identified genes in keratin family, desmoplakin and Interferon-induced protein family for as candidate genes for low androstenone testis sample and genes in flavin monooxygenease family, cytochrome P450 family and hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase family as candidate genes for low androstenone liver sample. Additionally, the results revealed that mutations in genes IRG6, DSP, IFIT2 were specific for low androstenone testis tissues and mutations in genes FMO5, HIST1H4K and TSKU were specific for low androstenone liver samples. Testis and liver mRNA profile of high and low androstenone level were generated by RNA deep sequencing, in five animal for each group, Ilumina HiSeq 2000
2013-02-09 | E-GEOD-44171 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Anaplasma phagocytophilum infects a wide variety of host species and causes the diseases granulocytic anaplasmosis in humans, horses and dogs and tick-borne fever in ruminants. The objective of this research was to characterize differential gene expression in wild boar naturally infected with A. phagocytophilum by microarray hybridization using the GeneChip® Porcine Genome Array Differential gene expression in wild boar naturally infected with A. phagocytophilum was chacarterized by microarray hybridization using the GeneChip® Porcine Genome Array and real-time RT-PCR.
2009-05-12 | E-GEOD-15766 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Brucella suis infects macrophages and dendritic cells. Wild boars act as reservoirs and carriers of Brucella suis biovar 2, and there is evidence that wild boar can be the main source of infection for domestic pigs through the venereal route. Transmission through this route could be an important path for disesease dissemination. The result from this study will contribute to the overall understanding of the molecular pathogenic mechanisms involved during Brucella suis infection in European wild boar.
2009-09-29 | GSE17492 | GEO