Mus musculus
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA473120 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:The interdependence of selective cues during development of regulatory T (Treg) cells in the thymus and their suppressive function remains incompletely understood. Here we analyzed this interdependence by taking advantage of highly dynamic changes of miR-181a/b-1 during late T-cell development with very high levels of expression during thymocyte selection followed by massive downregulation in the periphery. Loss of miR-181a/b-1 resulted in inefficient de novo generation of Treg cells in the thymus, but simultaneiously permitted homeostatic expansion in the periphery in the absence of competition. Modulation of T-cell receptor (TCR) signal strength in vivo indicated that miR-181a/b-1 controlled Treg cell formation via establishing adequate signaling thresholds. Unexpectedly, miR-181a/b-1-deficient Treg cells displayed elevated suppressive capacity in vivo, in line with elevated levels of CTLA-4 protein, but not mRNA, in thymic and peripheral Treg cells. Therefore, we propose that intrathymic miR-181a/b-1 controls development of Treg cells and imposes a developmental legacy on their peripheral function.
2019-01-04 | GSE124594 | GEO
Project description:Conventional CD4 and CD8 single positive T cell lineages constitute the main differentiation pathway in the thymus. In human thymus, a minor TCRαβ differentiation pathway diverges from the early double positive stage, consisting of CD10+ PD-1+ cells. These cells are phenotypically and functionally similar to murine agonist-selected intraepithelial T lymphocyte precursors (IELps) which home to the small intestine. Here, the progeny of the human agonist-selected IEL lineage was identified in antigen-inexperienced cord blood (CB) with a polyclonal T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire exhibiting a bias towards early TCR alpha chain rearrangements and elevated autoreactive indices. Single-cell RNA sequencing allowed further delineation of this unconventional lineage in CB. Trajectory analysis, along with TCR repertoire analysis, transcriptomics and proteomics, suggests a precursor-progeny relationship with the thymic IELps. The distinct, heterogeneous CB population can now be defined as CD3+ TCRαβ+ CD4- CCR7- CD26-. Besides recent thymic emigrants, this population also consists of newly identified effector clusters and previously described populations: the suppressive NK receptor expressing CD8+ Treg population, the KIR/NKG2A+ EOMES+ virtual memory population and the CD8αα+ T cell populations. The population shows a discriminating stable HELIOS expression and is exclusively able to downregulate CD8β expression, resulting in double negative T cells. The functional properties of this population suggest that the cells expand on inflammatory cues and exert cytotoxic and proinflammatory activity.
2023-02-10 | PXD033392 | Pride
Project description:We use single-cell RNA-seq to determine distinct selection phenotypes of 2 rare thymic Treg cell progenitors as well as mature thymic Treg cells
2018-12-31 | GSE123067 | GEO
Project description:The transcription factor Helios is expressed in a large subset of Foxp3+ Tregs of both mouse and man. We previously demonstrated that Treg induced in peripheral sites (pTreg) from Foxp3- T conventional (Tconv) cells were Helios- and proposed that Helios is a marker of thymic derived Treg (tTreg). To compare the two Treg subpopulations, we generated Helios-GFP reporter mice and crossed them to Foxp3-RFP reporter mice. The Helios+ Treg population expressed a more activated phenotype and had a higher suppressive capacity in vitro. Both populations expressed a highly demethylated TSDR and both subsets were equivalent in their ability to suppress inflammatory bowel disease in vivo. However, Helios+ Treg more effectively inhibited the proliferation of activated, autoreactive splenocytes from scurfy mice. When Helios+ and Helios- Treg were transferred to lymphoreplete mice, both populations maintained comparable Foxp3 expression, but Foxp3 expression was less stable in Helios- Treg when transferred to lymphopenic mice. Gene expression profiling of the two populations demonstrated a large number of differentially expressed genes and that Helios- Treg subpopulation expressed certain genes normally expressed in CD4+Foxp3- T cells. TCR repertoire analysis indicated very little overlap between Helios+ and Helios- Treg. Thus, Helios+ and Helios- Treg subpopulations are phenotypically and functionally distinct, consistent with thymic and peripheral sites of origin, respectively. Because of their superior suppressive activity and enhanced stability Foxp3+Helios+ Treg represent the optimal Treg population for cellular immunotherapy.
2019-01-24 | GSE117989 | GEO
Project description:TCRαβ+CD8αα+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (CD8αα+ αβ IELs), a specialized subset of T cells in the gut epithelium, develop from thymic agonist-selected IEL precursors (IELps). The molecular mechanisms underlying the selection and differentiation of this T cell type in the thymus are largely unknown. Here, we found that Bcl6 deficiency in αβ T cells resulted in nearly the absence of CD8αα+ αβ IELs. BCL6 was expressed by approximately 50% of CD8αα+ αβ IELs but the majority thymic PD1+ IELps post agonist selection; its deficiency blocked early IELp generation in the thymus. Moreover, BCL6 expression in IELps was induced by thymic TCR signaling in an ERK-dependent manner. As a result of Bcl6 deficiency, the precursors of IELps among CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) thymocytes exhibited increased apoptosis during agonist selection, and impaired IELp differentiation and maturation. Taken together, our results elucidate BCL6 as a crucial transcription factor during the thymic development of CD8αα+ αβ IELs.
2024-02-26 | GSE248163 | GEO
Project description:The proposed use of Foxp3+ T-regulatory (Treg) cells as potential cellular therapy in patients with autoimmune diseases, or post-hemopoietic stem cell or organ transplantation, requires a sound understanding of the transcriptional regulation of Foxp3 expression. Conserved CpG dinucleotides in the Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR) upstream of Foxp3 are demethylated only in stable, thymic-derived Foxp3+ Tregs. Since methyl-binding domain (Mbd) proteins recruit histone-modifying and chromatin-remodeling complexes to methylated sites, we tested whether targeting of Mbd2 might promote demethylation of Foxp3 and thereby promote Treg numbers or function. Surprisingly, while ChIP analysis showed Mbd2 binding to the Foxp3-associated TSDR site in Tregs, Mbd2 targeting by homologous recombination or siRNA decreased Treg numbers and impaired Treg suppressive function in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we found complete TSDR demethylation in WT Tregs but >75% methylation in Mbd2-/- Tregs, whereas re-introduction of Mbd2 into Mbd2-null Tregs restored TSDR demethylation, Foxp3 gene expression and Treg suppressive function. Lastly, Mbd2-/- Tregs had markedly binding of the DNA demethylase enzyme, Tet2, in the TSDR region. These data show that Mbd2 has a key role in promoting TSDR demethylation, Foxp3 expression and Treg suppressive function. RNA from three independent samples from magnetically separated CD4+CD25+ Treg of MBD2–/– mice, compared to wild type control (all Balb/c background).
2013-09-01 | E-GEOD-48653 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Effector (Teff) and regulatory (Treg) CD4 T cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to support proliferation and immune function. While Phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mTORC1 signaling induces the glucose transporter Glut1 and aerobic glycolysis for Teff proliferation and inflammatory function, mechanisms that regulate Treg metabolism and function remain unclear. We show that TLR signals that promote Treg proliferation increase Glut1, PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signaling, and glycolysis. However, TLR-induced mTORC1 signaling also impaired Treg suppressive capacity. Conversely, FoxP3 opposed PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling to reduce glycolysis and anabolic metabolism while increasing oxidative and catabolic metabolism. Importantly, Glut1 expression was sufficient to increase Treg numbers but reduced suppressive capacity and FoxP3 expression. Thus, inflammatory signals and FoxP3 balance mTORC1 signaling and glucose metabolism to control Treg proliferation and suppressive function.
2016-08-30 | GSE84919 | GEO
Project description:In this study we successfully enriched regulatory T cells (Treg) in the liver using injections with IL-2/IL-2ab complex. Enriched Treg were mainly located in areas of inflammation, but they had no impact on liver inflammation or fibrosis in two different cholangitis mouse models. We found that liver derived Treg had less suppressive capacity compared to splenic derived Treg. We used microarray analysis of IL-2/IL-2ab complex enriched liver and splenic derived regulatory T cells in order to elucidate the organ specific differences. We identified upregulation of IL12 receptor beta 2 on hepatic Treg and could identify IL-12 signalling as key factor for reduced suppressive capacity of regulatory T cells.
2018-01-07 | GSE87898 | GEO
Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed from a class of small non-protein coding RNA molecules. Growing evidence shows that miRNAs are potent mediators of post-transcriptional gene silencing and emerged to be critical in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses (Ansel KM, Immunol Rev 2013, p5; Baumjohann D, Nature Rev Immunol 2013, p666). MicroRNA-181a (miR-181a) constitutes the most prominently expressed miRNA species in DP thymocytes (Neilson JR, Genes Dev 2007, p578; Kirigin FF, JI 2012, p3257) and has been associated with modulating TCR signal strength via targeting serine/threonine as well as tyrosine phosphatases (Li Q-J, Cell 2007, p147). Consequently, elevated expression of miR-181a results in reduced phosphatase activity and increased TCR signal strength. The effect of aberrant expression of miR-181a on TCR signaling has been already analyzed employing short-term assays and in vitro organ cultures. Our group started to investigate the consequences of miR-181a/b-1 deletion on T cell development in vivo in the steady state. To this end, we developed a new mouse model - miR-181a/b-1 knockout mice (Zietara N et al, PNAS 2013b). During investigations of the immune system of miR-181a/b-1 deficient mice we discovered that these miRNAs are critical for the development of invariant natural killer (NK) T cells. Such cells are known to be selected by a high affinity agonist ligands, thus they are particularly sensitive to the modulation of TCR signaling thresholds, which is achieved by miR-181a/b-1 (Zietara N et al, PNAS 2013b). Furthermore we hypothesized that similar regulation might apply for the other T cell populations selected under high TCR signal strength, like Treg cells. Thus our current research focuses on the role of miR-181a/b-1 during Treg cell development in the thymus as well as on their function in the periphery.
2019-02-08 | GSE115391 | GEO
Project description:Thymic medullary epithelial cell (mTEC) expression of the autoimmune regulator AIRE, and of tissue-specific antigens, is controlled by members of the non-canonical NF-kB signalling pathway, including RelB and NF-kB2. Of the genes in this pathway, RelB-/- mice develop a particularly severe multi-organ autoimmune syndrome, resembling Foxp3-deficiency. RelB-/- mice have medullary atrophy and few mTECs but the mechanism is unknown. We show that RelB is required for expression of medullary chemokines and mTEC AIRE, selection of a diverse peripheral T cell repertoire, and for peripheral Foxp3+ Treg function. Vβ families of T cells infiltrating diseased peripheral organs and thymic Treg were similarly skewed. Surprisingly, medullary atrophy results from intra-thymic granulocyte infiltration, consequent upon the Th2-mediated autoimmune disease. Dominant tolerance corrects thymic inflammatory disease and loss of thymic function. We demonstrate a reversible RelB-dependent inflammatory mechanism for loss of central tolerance associated with medullary atrophy. Thymi from 4 RelB+/- mice and 3 RelB-/- mice were profiled by microarays
2012-12-27 | E-GEOD-43154 | biostudies-arrayexpress