Telomeres suppress the activity of retrotransposons in pluripotent stem cells [exp2]
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA484113 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Telomeres, which locate at the end of chromosomes protect chromosomes from fusion and deterioration. This is essential for cells to maintain genome staibility. We applied RNA-seq, to identify the impact of Terc knockout on the expression of retrotransposons in embryonic stem cells.
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Project description:Telomeres suppress the activity of retrotransposons in pluripotent stem cells
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Project description:Telomeres, which locate at the end of chromosomes protect chromosomes from fusion and deterioration. This is essential for cells to maintain genome staibility. Hee, we applied RNA-seq, to identify the impact of Terc knockout on the expression of retrotransposons in embryonic stem cells. In addition, we performed ChIP-seq to identify changes of histone mark H3K9me3 after telomere shortening.
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Project description:Telomeres and tumor suppressor protein TP53 (p53) function in genome protection, but a direct role of p53 at telomeres has not yet been described. Here, we have identified non-canonical p53 binding sites within the human subtelomeres that suppress the accumulation of DNA damage at telomeric repeat DNA. These non-canonical subtelomeric p53 binding sites conferred transcription enhancer-like functions that include an increase in local histone H3K9 and H3K27 acetylation and stimulation of subtelomeric transcripts, including telomere-repeat containing RNA (TERRA). p53 suppressed formation of telomere-associated γH2AX and prevented telomere DNA degradation in response to DNA damage stress. Our findings indicate that p53 provides a direct chromatin-associated protection to human telomeres, as well as other fragile genomic sites. We propose that p53-associated chromatin modifications enhance local DNA repair or protection to provide a previously unrecognized tumor suppressor function of p53. p53 binding was analyzed by ChIP-Seq in HCT116 cells treated with camptothecin or untreated control.
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Project description:Regulation of retrotransposon activity and telomeres in primed pluripotent stem cells
| PRJNA590478 | ENA
Project description:Naïve and primed pluripotent states represent two different states of pluripotency. Mouse naïve pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) exhibit germline competence as determined by chimera production test and can generate all-PSC mice by tetraploid embryo complementation (TEC) test, the most stringent functional test of developmental potency. By contrast, primed PSCs fail in germline chimeras and TEC test. Unfortunately, these tests cannot be applied to characterization of developmental pluripotency of human PSCs due to ethic issue. Extensive studies demonstrated that naïve and primed pluripotent state exhibits clear epigenome differences. Here we uncover surprising differences in telomere maintenance, retrotransposon activity and genomic stability between these two pluripotent states. Although both states express high telomerase activity, naïve PSCs show robust telomere elongation capacity, associated with higher telomere recombination, consistent with sporadic expression of two-cell (2C) genes including Zscan4. Distinctively, primed PSCs only can maintain their telomere length but without elongation, in association with repression of 2C genes, and increased telomere fragility and telomeric DNA damage with passages. RNA-seq revealed that DNA repair and especially recombination repair pathways are down-regulated in primed state compared to naïve state cells, corroborating the robust DNA repair capacity and genome stability in naïve PSCs. These data suggest that vigorous telomere elongation of naïve state may act to minimize DNA damage to the genome. Furthermore, we identified LINE1 family integrant L1Md_T as naïve-specific retrotransposon and ERVK family integrant IAPEz-int to define primed PSCs, distinguishing the two pluripotent states. Heterochromatin modifications and Dnmt3b differentially regulate transcription of the 2C genes and retrotransposons. Notably, aberrant expression of retrotransposons links to increased genomic stability of primed PSCs. Hence, our data reveals that telomere regulation and retrotransposon activity markedly distinguishes naïve from primed pluripotent state. These new criteria may facilitate induction of high quality and additional characterization of developmental pluripotency and scrutinizing the genomic stability of human naïve PSCs for regenerative medicine
2020-08-22 | GSE140665 | GEO
Project description:Naïve and primed pluripotent states represent two different states of pluripotency. Mouse naïve pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) exhibit germline competence as determined by chimera production test and can generate all-PSC mice by tetraploid embryo complementation (TEC) test, the most stringent functional test of developmental potency. By contrast, primed PSCs fail in germline chimeras and TEC test. Unfortunately, these tests cannot be applied to characterization of developmental pluripotency of human PSCs due to ethic issue. Extensive studies demonstrated that naïve and primed pluripotent state exhibits clear epigenome differences. Here we uncover surprising differences in telomere maintenance, retrotransposon activity and genomic stability between these two pluripotent states. Although both states express high telomerase activity, naïve PSCs show robust telomere elongation capacity, associated with higher telomere recombination, consistent with sporadic expression of two-cell (2C) genes including Zscan4. Distinctively, primed PSCs only can maintain their telomere length but without elongation, in association with repression of 2C genes, and increased telomere fragility and telomeric DNA damage with passages. RNA-seq revealed that DNA repair and especially recombination repair pathways are down-regulated in primed state compared to naïve state cells, corroborating the robust DNA repair capacity and genome stability in naïve PSCs. These data suggest that vigorous telomere elongation of naïve state may act to minimize DNA damage to the genome. Furthermore, we identified LINE1 family integrant L1Md_T as naïve-specific retrotransposon and ERVK family integrant IAPEz-int to define primed PSCs, distinguishing the two pluripotent states. Heterochromatin modifications and Dnmt3b differentially regulate transcription of the 2C genes and retrotransposons. Notably, aberrant expression of retrotransposons links to increased genomic stability of primed PSCs. Hence, our data reveals that telomere regulation and retrotransposon activity markedly distinguishes naïve from primed pluripotent state. These new criteria may facilitate induction of high quality and additional characterization of developmental pluripotency and scrutinizing the genomic stability of human naïve PSCs for regenerative medicine
2020-08-22 | GSE154487 | GEO