Age-dependent decline of TET1-mediated DNA hydroxy-methylation impairs myelin regeneration after injury
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PROVIDER: PRJNA505260 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Adult myelination is recognized as essential for brain function and response to injury and yet, its molecular understanding is mostly inferred from developmental studies. In this study, we identify DNA hydroxy-methylation, an epigenetic mark catalyzed by Ten-Eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, as necessary for adult, but not for developmental, myelin formation. While hydroxy-methylation and high levels of TET1 were detected in young adult mice during myelin regeneration after lysolecithin-induced demyelination, this process was defective in older mice. Lineage specific ablation of the enzyme Tet1 (but not of Tet2) recapitulated the age-related decline of TET1 and inefficient remyelination, without impacting developmental myelination. Genome-wide DNA hydroxy-methylation profiling of adult progenitors and mature oligodendrocytes, identified solute carriers regulating neuronal-glial communication as gene targets, whose expression was dramatically decreased in mutants and in older mice. We conclude that TET1-mediated hydroxy-methylation is critical for adult myelination in response to injury.
2020-03-14 | GSE122446 | GEO
Project description:Adult myelination is essential for brain function and response to injury, but the molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here we identify DNA hydroxy-methylation, an epigenetic mark catalyzed by Ten-Eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, as necessary for adult myelin repair. While DNA hydroxy-methylation and high levels of TET1 were detected in young adult mice during myelin regeneration after demyelination, this process was defective in old mice. Constitutive or inducible lineage-specific ablation of Tet1 (but not of Tet2) recapitulated the age-related decline of DNA hydroxy-methylation and inefficient remyelination. Genome-wide hydroxy-methylation and transcriptomic analysis identified solute carrier gene families as TET1 targets. Lower transcripts for these genes in Tet1 mutants and old mice were associated with swelling at the neuroglial interface, a phenotype detected also in zebrafish Slc12a2b mutants. We conclude that TET1-mediated DNA hydroxy-methylation is necessary for adult myelination after injury, by modulating the levels of the solute carrier SLC12A2 at the axo-myelin interface.
2020-03-14 | GSE137611 | GEO
Project description:TET1-mediated DNA hydroxy-methylation regulates adult remyelination
| PRJNA566002 | ENA
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE34886: Acute depletion of Tet1-dependent 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels impairs LIF/Stat3 signaling and results in loss of embryonic stem cell identity [expression profiling] GSE34887: Acute depletion of Tet1-dependent 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels impairs LIF/Stat3 signaling and results in loss of embryonic stem cell identity [MRE-seq] Refer to individual Series
2012-01-04 | E-GEOD-34267 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Fetal growth restriction (FGR) increases the risk for impaired cognitive function later in life. However, the precise mechanisms remain elusive. Using dexamethasone-induced FGR and protein restriction-influenced FGR mouse models, we observed learning and memory deficits in adult FGR offspring. FGR induces decreased hippocampal neurogenesis from the early postnatal period to adulthood by reducing the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs). We further found a persistent decrease of Tet1 expression in hippocampal NSCs of FGR mice. Mechanistically, Tet1 downregulation results in hypermethylation of the Dll3 and Notch1 promoters and inhibition of Notch signaling, leading to reduced NSC proliferation. Overexpression of Tet1 activates Notch signaling, offsets the decline in neurogenesis, and enhances learning and memory abilities in FGR offspring. Our data indicate that a long-term decrease in Tet1/Notch signaling in hippocampal NSCs contributes to impaired neurogenesis following FGR and could serve as potential targets for the intervention of FGR-related cognitive disorders.
2021-09-15 | GSE143816 | GEO
Project description:The efficiency of central nervous system (CNS) remyelination declines with age. This is in part due to an age-associated decline in the phagocytic removal of myelin debris, which contains inhibitors of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation. In this study we show that expression of genes involved in the retinoid X receptor (RXR) pathway are decreased with aging in myelin-phagocytosing cells. Loss of RXR function in young macrophages mimics aging by delaying remyelination after experimentally-induced demyelination, while RXR agonists partially restore myelin debris phagocytosis in aged macrophages. The FDA-approved RXR agonist bexarotene, when used in concentrations achievable in human subjects, caused a reversion of the gene expression profile in aging human monocytes to a more youthful profile. These results reveal the RXR pathway as a positive regulator of myelin debris clearance and a key player in the age-related decline in remyelination that may be targeted by available or newly-developed therapeutics. 24 Human CD14+ monocyte-sorted PBMC samples representing 4 Healthy Volunteers (HV) and 4 Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients under 3 different treatment conditions. Condition 1 = (-) Phagocystosis (-) Bexarotene. Condition 2 = (+) Phagocystosis (-) Bexarotene. Condition 3 = (+) Phagocystosis (+) Bexarotene.
2015-11-04 | E-GEOD-66988 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Precise regulation of DNA methylation in mammals is critical for genome stability and epigenetic regulation. The discovery of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins catalyzing the oxidation from 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) revolutionized the perspective on the complexity and regulation of DNA modifications. Despite accumulating knowledge about the role of TET1, it remains unclear to what extent these can be attributed to its catalytic activity. Here, we use genome engineering and quantitative multi-omics approaches to dissect the role and mechanism of TET1 in mESCs. Our study identifies TET1 as an essential interaction hub for multiple chromatin modifying complexes and as a global regulator of histone modifications. Strikingly, we find that the majority of transcriptional regulation depends on non-catalytic functions of TET1. Moreover, we show that the establishment of H3K9me3 and H4K20me3 at ERV1, ERVK, and ERVL is mediated by TET1 independent of DNA demethylation. We provide evidence that repression of endogenous retroviruses depends on the interaction between TET1 and SIN3A. In summary, we demonstrate that the non-catalytic functions of TET1 are critical for regulation of gene expression and the silencing of endogenous retroviruses in mESCs.
2022-08-31 | PXD028850 | Pride
Project description:DNA hydroxymethylation by epigenetic modifiers TET dioxygenases is critical for gene transcription in various biological processes, however, its role in oligodendrocyte maturation and functions remain elusive. Here, we found that mice lacking Tet1 in the oligodendrocyte lineage exhibited hypomyelination in the CNS in the juvenile stage, leading to defects in action potential propagation, motor coordination, anxiety-like behavior and spatial memory capacities. Although the myelin deficiency recovered in adulthood, remyelination after cuprizone-induced demyelination was compromised in Tet1cKO mice. By integrating transcriptome and DNA methylation profiles, we identified a cohort of genes that were differentially regulated by Tet1 and hyperhydroxymethylation, including the genes associated with Ca2+ transportation. Tet1-deficient OPCs exhibited a reduction in [Ca2+] oscillations, while the agonists of calcium internal stores rescued the differentiation defect of Tet1-deficient OPCs. Thus, our results suggest that stage-specific Tet1-mediated epigenetic programming in oligodendrocytes maintain Ca2+ homeostasis for differentiation and regulate neuronal activities and myelin repair.
2019-11-20 | GSE122838 | GEO
Project description:Tet1 is a hydroxylase known for its role in the conversion of 5-methylcytosines (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosines (5hmC) involved in the possible active demethylation process and gene expression regulation1-5.M-BM- As somatic cell reprogramming involves the re-activation of pluripotency genes and the silencing of somatic ones6, it remains unclear whether Tet1 plays a positive or negative role in the reprogramming process. Here we show that Tet1 deficiency enhances reprogramming and its overexpression impairs reprogramming. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that Tet1 represses the early obligatory process of mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) during reprogramming7,8. Thus, our findings not only define a negative role for Tet1 in somatic cell reprogramming, but also suggest that the Tet enzymes regulate cell fate through distinctive mechanisms. Examination of genome DNA hmC modifications in 2 conditions: individually overexpressed Tet1CD or Tet2CD during MEF reprogramming; Examination of mRNA levels in five different conditions: individually overexpressed DR or Tet1CD or Tet1CDmut or Tet2CD or Tet2CDmut, during MEF reprogrammig.
2013-03-08 | E-GEOD-44935 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Fetal Growth Restriction Impairs Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Cognition via Tet1 in Offspring
| PRJNA601762 | ENA