Similar Datasets
Project description:<p>This study includes SSADDA (Semi Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism) assessed subjects (mostly unrelated, but including some affected sibling pairs) recruited in the course of several substance dependence genetics projects. The sample includes 1889 African-American (AA) subjects and 1020 European-American (EA) subjects. Among the AAs, 1397 meet DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence and 491 are controls. Among the EAs, 1010 meet the criteria for alcohol dependence and 9 are controls. (One in each population meets criteria for alcohol abuse and not dependence, and is therefore counted in neither category.) Although alcohol dependence is the major focus, the sample is informative also for cocaine, nicotine, and opioid dependence.</p>
| phs000425.v1.p1 | EGA
Project description:Purpose: Alcohol dependence results in microglia proliferation in brain and changes in microglia morphology and function. However, it remains unknown if microglia initiate or simply amplify the neuroadaptations that lead to alcohol dependence. Here we determined microglia function in chronic intermittent ethanol exposure behaviors using a colony stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor (PLX5622) and 3’UTR biased-sequencing. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide insight into how microglia may regulate neuroadaptations due to alcohol dependence. Methods: We performed 3’UTR biased transcriptome sequencing (3’Tag-seq) on total homogenate isolated from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) of C57BL6/J mice following microglia depletion and chronic intermittent ethanol exposure. Results: Differential expression analysis and WGCNA network analysis revealed that microglia depletion prevents both immune and synaptic gene expression changes that are linked with the formation of alcohol dependence. This suggested that microglia are key regulators of the transition from alcohol misuse to alcohol dependence. Conclusion: Taken together our behavioral and transcriptional data indicate that microglia are the primary effector cell responsible for regulation of alcohol dependence. In addition, our data represents a novel resource for groups interested in transcriptional effects of microglia depletion after alcohol dependence.
2020-11-27 | GSE142571 | GEO
Project description:The prefrontal cortex is a crucial regulator of escalation of alcohol drinking, dependence, and other behavioral criteria associated with AUD. Comprehensive identification of cell-type specific transcriptomic changes in alcohol dependence will improve our understanding of mechanisms mediating the escalation of alcohol use and will refine targets for therapeutic development. We performed single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) on ~150,000 single nuclei from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) obtained from C57BL/6J mice exposed to the chronic intermittent ethanol exposure (CIE) paradigm which models phenotypes associated with alcohol dependence. Gene co-expression network analysis and differential expression analysis identified highly dysregulated co-expression networks in multiple cell types. Here, we present a comprehensive atlas of cell-type specific alcohol dependence related gene expression changes in the mPFC.
2024-01-10 | GSE233763 | GEO
Project description:Sustained or repeated exposure to sedating drugs such as alcohol triggers homeostatic adaptations in the brain that lead to the development of drug tolerance and dependence. These adaptations involve long-term changes in the transcription of drug-responsive genes as well as an epigenetic restructuring of chromosomal regions that is thought to signal and maintain the altered transcriptional state. Drug-induced epigenetic changes have been shown to be important in the long-term adaptation that leads to alcohol tolerance and dependence endophenotypes. A major constraint impeding progress is that alcohol produces a surfeit of changes in gene expression, most that may not make any meaningful contribution to the ethanol response under study. Here we used a novel genomic epigenetic approach to find genes relevant for functional alcohol tolerance by exploiting the commonalities of two chemically distinct drugs. In Drosophila melanogaster, ethanol and benzyl alcohol induce mutual cross-tolerance, indicating that they share a common mechanism for producing tolerance. We surveyed the genome-wide changes in histone acetylation that occur in response to these drugs. Each drug induces modifications in a large number of genes. The genes that respond similarly to either treatment, however, represent a subgroup enriched for genes important for the common tolerance response. Genes were functionally tested for behavioral tolerance to the sedative effects of ethanol and benzyl alcohol using mutant and inducible RNAi stocks. We identified a network of genes that are essential for the development of tolerance to sedation by alcohol.
2013-09-05 | GSE48449 | GEO
Project description:We analyzed cerebral cortices (CTX) and midbrains (MB) from male C57BL/6J mice subjected to a CIE, 2BC paradigm, which induces heavy drinking and represents one of the best available animal models for alcohol dependence and relapse drinking.
2013-12-31 | GSE48576 | GEO
Project description:<p>Alcohol dependence is a chronic, relapsing encephalopathy characterized by compulsive craving for alcohol, loss of control over alcohol use, and the presence of negative emotions and physical discomfort when alcohol is unavailable. Harmful use of alcohol is one of the greatest risk factors for death, illness and disability. Rho kinase inhibitors have neuroprotective effects. This study used metabonomics analysis to assess untreated astrocytes, astrocytes exposed to 75 mmol/L of alcohol, and astrocytes exposed to 75 mmol/L of alcohol and treated with 15 µg/mL fasudil for 24 h. One of the clearest differences between the alcohol-exposed and fasudil-treated alcohol-exposed groups was the abundance of lipids and lipid-like molecules, although glycerophospholipid metabolism was comparable in both groups. Our findings show that fasudil may alleviate alcohol-induced astrocyte damage by modifying lipid metabolism, providing a new approach for preventing and treating alcohol dependence.</p>
2023-05-15 | MTBLS5071 | MetaboLights
Project description:Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic, relapsing syndrome diagnosed by a heterogeneous set of behavioral signs and symptoms. There are no laboratory tests that provide direct objective evidence for diagnosis. Microarray and RNA-Seq technologies enable genome-wide transcriptome profiling at low costs and provide an opportunity to identify biomarkers to facilitate diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of patients. Brain gene expression patterns can discriminate alcohol-dependent and non-dependent people and predict drugs that reduce drinking in rodents. However, access to brain tissue in living patients is not possible. Blood contains cellular and extracellular RNAs that provide disease-relevant information for some brain diseases. We hypothesized that blood gene expression profiles can be used to diagnose AUD. We profiled brain (prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hypothalamus) and blood gene expression levels in C57BL/6J mice using RNA-seq one week after chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure, a mouse model of alcohol dependence. To determine the preservation of gene expression levels between blood and brain, we calculated the Spearman correlation coefficient between blood and brain mean gene expression levels across all subjects and found a high degree of preservation (rho range: [0.50, 0.67]) with hundreds of transcripts in blood correlated with their brain transcript levels. To determine whether the transcriptional response to alcohol dependence was similar in blood and brain, we studied the overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and gene coexpression networks. Although there was small overlap between blood and brain DEGs, there was considerable overlap of gene networks perturbed after CIE related to cell-cell signaling (e.g., GABA and glutamate receptor signaling, endocannabinoid signaling, synaptogenesis), immune responses (e.g., antigen presentation, communication between innate and adaptive immune systems), and protein processing / mitochondrial functioning (e.g., ubiquitination, unfolded protein responses, oxidative phosphorylation). To determine whether blood gene expression can predict alcohol dependence status, blood gene expression data were used to train classifiers (logistic regression, random forest, and partial least squares discriminant analysis), which were highly accurate at predicting alcohol dependence status (maximum AUC for females: 90.1%; males: 80.5%). These results suggest that gene expression profiles from peripheral blood samples contain a biological signature of alcohol dependence that can discriminate between alcohol-dependent and non-dependent subjects.
2021-06-04 | GSE176122 | GEO
Project description:Drugs of abuse including nicotine and alcohol elicit their effect by stimulating the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system. There is a high incidence of nicotine dependence in alcoholics. To date only limited data is available on the molecular mechanism underlying the action of alcohol and nicotine in the human brain. This study utilised gene expression screening to identify genes sensitive to chronic alcohol abuse within the ventral tegmental area of the human brain. Keywords: gene expression, brain, alcohol abuse, human, ventral tegmental area
2007-09-21 | GSE9058 | GEO