Acute Myeloid Leukemia iPSCs reveal a role for RUNX1 in the maintenance of human Leukemia Stem Cells
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PROVIDER: PRJNA514745 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are believed to possess distinct biological properties than the bulk AML cells, but their rarity and the unavailability of universal immunophenotypic markers for their prospective isolation hampers their study. We report that hematopoietic cells from genetically clonal AML patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) contain two morphologically and immunophenotypically distinct subpopulations: a cell fraction with a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) immunophenotype exhibiting adherent growth which we termed induced leukemai stem cells (iLSCs) and a non-adherent fraction of more differentiated cells, which we termed induced blasts (iBlasts). Through fate-tracking experiments, xenotransplantation and single cell transcriptomics, we show that iLSCs cells reside on the apex of a phenotypic and functional hierarchy and fulfill the hallmark features of leukemia stem cells. Through integrative genomics studies of their transcriptome and chromatin landscape, we derive an LSC 16-gene set that predicts patient survival and identify RUNX1 as a new dependency of AML LSCs.
2020-02-13 | GSE124992 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7786450 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Despite absent expression in normal hematopoiesis, the Forkhead factor FOXC1, a critical mesenchymal differentiation regulator, is highly expressed in ~30% of HOXAhigh AML to confer blocked monocyte/macrophage differentiation. Through integrated proteomics and bioinformatics, we discovered that FOXC1 and RUNX1 interact through Forkhead and Runt domains respectively and cooccupy primed and active enhancers distributed close to differentiation genes. FOXC1 stabilises association of RUNX1, HDAC1 and Groucho repressor TLE3 to limit enhancer activity: FOXC1 knockdown induced loss of repressor proteins, gain of CEBPA binding, enhancer acetylation and upregulation of nearby genes, including KLF2. Furthermore, it triggered genome-wide redistribution of RUNX1, TLE3 and HDAC1 from enhancers to promoters leading to repression of self-renewal genes including MYC and MYB. Our studies highlight RUNX1 and CEBPA transcription factor swapping as a feature of leukemia cell differentiation, and reveal that FOXC1 prevents this by stabilising enhancer binding of a RUNX1/HDAC1/TLE3 transcription repressor complex, to oncogenic effect.
2021-08-08 | PXD027740 | Pride
Project description:BACKGROUND: Our previous studies showed that RUNX1 and ASXL1 mutations were frequently co-existed in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and clonal evolution of RUNX1 and/or ASXL1 occurred most frequently in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with myeloid blastic crisis. The molecular pathogenesis of cooperation of RUNX1 and ASXL1 mutations has not been reported yet. METHODS: Lentiviral-mediated stable transduction of RUNX1-WT/MT (R135T) in K562 cells which harboring ASXL1-MT (Y591X). RNA was extracted from stable cell line and used for gene-expression microarray analysis. RESULTS: For in vitro study, we overexpressed RUNX1-WT/MT (R135T) in K562 cells which harboring ASXL1-MT (Y591X). We found that RUNX1-MT augmented cell proliferation, colony formation, HOXA gene expression and inhibited megakaryocytic differentiation in ASXL1-MT K562 cells compared to RUNX1-WT or empty vector control. We performed gene expression profile of K562 cells overexpressed with EV, RUNX1-WT and RUNX1-R135T mutation. Gene expression microarray data revealed that 147 genes upregulated more than 2-fold in RUNX1-R135T expressing K562 cells compared to EV control cells. From gene expression data analysis, we found that inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1), a key transcriptional regulator of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) lineage commitment, is upregulated in RUNX1-R135T-transduced K562 cells compared to EV and RUNX1-WT-expressing cells.
2018-06-01 | GSE99640 | GEO
Project description:To investigate the functional significance and transcriptional impacts associated with RUNX1::ERG, we overexpressed the fusion gene in K562 myeloid leukemia cells and analysed global gene expression changes using RNA-seq.
2023-05-02 | GSE222811 | GEO
Project description:Familial platelet disorder with predisposition to acute myeloid leukemia (FPD/AML) is an autosomal dominant disease of the hematopoietic system, which is caused by heterozygous mutations in RUNX1. FPD/AML patients have a bleeding disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia with reduced platelet numbers and functions, and a tendency to develop AML. Currently no suitable animal models exist for FPD/AML as Runx1+/- mice and zebrafish do not develop bleeding disorders or leukemia. Here we derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from two patients in a family with FPD/AML, and found that the FPD iPSCs display defects in megakaryocytic differentiation in vitro. We corrected the RUNX1 mutation in one FPD iPSC line through gene targeting, which led to normalization of megakaryopoiesis of the iPSCs in culture. Our results demonstrate successful in vitro modeling of FPD with patient-specific iPSCs and confirm that RUNX1 mutations are responsible for megakaryopoietic defects in FPD patients. Here, we derived iPSCs from two FPD/AML patients and demonstrated that these iPSCs have a megakaryopoietic defect in culture. Importantly we were able to rescue the megakaryopoietic defect by correcting the RUNX1 mutation with a gene targeting strategy enhanced by zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs). Three independent samples were obtained for each time point.
2014-07-01 | E-GEOD-54295 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Leukemia arises from blockage of the differentiation/maturation of hematopoietic progenitor cells at different stages with uncontrolled proliferation of leukemic cells. However, the signal pathways that block cell differentiation remain unclear. Herein we found that SUMOylation of the M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase(PKM2), a rate-limiting glycolytic enzyme catalyzing the dephosphorylation of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate, is prevalent in a variety of leukemic cell lines as well as primary samples from patients with leukemia through multiple-reaction monitoring based targeted mass spectrometry analysis. SUMOylation of PKM2 lysine 270(K270) triggered conformation change from tetrameric to dimeric of PKM2, reduced PK activity, and led to nuclear translocation of PKM2. SUMO1 modification of PKM2 recruits and promotes degradation of RUNX1 via a SUMO-interacting motif, resulting in blockage of myeloid differentiation of NB4 and U937 leukemia cells. Replacement of wild type PKM2 with a SUMOylation-deficient mutant (K270R) abrogated the interaction with RUNX1 and the blockage of myeloid differentiation in vitro and in xenograft model. Our results establish PKM2 as an essential modulator of leukemia cell differentiation and a potential therapeutic target which may offer synergistic effect with differentiation therapy in the treatment of leukemia.
2020-12-26 | PXD023317 | iProX
Project description:Hierarchical maintenance of MLL myeloid leukemia stem cells employs a transcriptional program shared with embryonic rather than adult stem cells The genetic programs that promote retention of self-renewing leukemia stem cells (LSCs) at the apex of cellular hierarchies in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are not known. In a mouse model of human AML, LSCs exhibit variable frequencies that correlate with the initiating MLL oncogene and are maintained in a self-renewing state by a transcriptional sub-program more akin to that of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) than adult stem cells. The transcription/chromatin regulatory factors Myb, Hmgb3 and Cbx5 are critical components of the program and suffice for Hoxa/Meis-independent immortalization of myeloid progenitors when co-expressed, establishing the cooperative and essential role of an ESC-like LSC maintenance program ancillary to the leukemia initiating MLL/Hox/Meis program. Enriched expression of LSC maintenance and ESC-like program genes in normal myeloid progenitors and poor prognosis human malignancies links the frequency of aberrantly self-renewing progenitor-like cancer stem cells to prognosis in human cancer. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2009-02-06 | GSE13796 | GEO
Project description:Human histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) plays an important role in gene transcription in diseased human cells, such as leukemia. The t(8;21) chromosomal translocation is one of the most commonly observed genetic abnormalities associated with acute myeloid leukemia. This translocation generates the AML1-ETO fusion protein between the wild-type RUNX1 transcription factor and wild-type ETO transcriptional corepressor. To better understand the role of HDAC3 in t(8;21) leukemogenesis, the human HDAC3-containing complexes were isolated from stably-transfected HeLa cells by using anti-FLAG immunoprecipitation. The resulting complexes were resolved in SDS-PAGE. The components of the complexes were identified using LC-MS/MS. We report here that the human RUNX1 transcription is a component of the HDAC3 complexes. We demonstrate that HDAC3 and RUNX1 collaboratively repress AML1-ETO-mediated transcription. These results reveal new insight into how AML1-ETO, RUNX1, and HDAC3 crosstalk to deregulate gene transcription in t(8;21) leukemia cells.
2020-02-17 | PXD017230 | Pride
Project description:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a deadly blood cancer character by an overproduction of immature myeloid cells. AML has a high degree of genetic diversity, and the presence or absence of particular genetic alterations can greatly impact prognosis. In AML, patients with CSF3R mutations exhibit high relapse rates and poor overall survival. A recent study found that 90.5% of patients with CSF3R mutations had cooccurring RUNX1-ETO (8;21), CBFB-MYH11, or CEBPA mutations7. The RUNX1-ETO and CBFB-MYH11 translocations disrupt the core binding factor complex, an important transcriptional regulator in myeloid development. In this study, we evaluated how RUNX1-ETO modifies CSF3RT618I-driven transcriptional changes to promote the production of myeloblasts in AML. We find that RUNX1-ETO accelerates CSF3R-driven oncogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, RUNX1-ETO impairs the ability of CSF3R to drive myeloid differentiation associated transcriptional programs resulting in the production of immature myeloblasts which characterize this disease.
2023-10-11 | GSE218829 | GEO