RNA-seq of iPSC-ECs treated e-cig liquids with and without nicotine
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PROVIDER: PRJNA515535 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Two healthy iPSC lines (78 and 273) were differentiated into ECs. iPSC-ECs were then treated with e-cig liquids RY4 (RY) or Marcado (MAR) with 18mg/ml of nicotine (18) and without nicotine (0).
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Project description:The main constituents of electronic cigarette liquids are nicotine, propylene glycol (PG), and vegetable glycerin (VG), together with distilled water and flavors. To assess the toxicity of PG/VG mixtures with and without nicotine as basic components of liquids used in e-cigarettes, a 90-day rat inhalation study according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development test guideline 413 was conducted. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were nose-only exposed, 6?h/day, 5 days/week to filtered air, or nebulized vehicle (saline), or three concentrations of PG/VG (0.174 mg PG/l + 0.210 mg VG/l; 0.520 mg PG/l + 0.630 mg VG/l; 1.520 mg PG/l + 1.890 mg VG/l) � with (test item) and without (reference item) 23 �g nicotine/L. Standard toxicological endpoints were complemented by molecular analyses using transcriptomics, proteomics, and lipidomics. Compared to vehicle exposure, the tested PG/VG aerosols showed only very limited biological effects with no signs of toxicity, both for the standard toxicological endpoints (e.g., histopathology, clinical chemistry) and the systems toxicological analyses (transcriptomics, proteomics, and lipidomics). The addition of nicotine to the PG/VG aerosols (23 �g/l) resulted in effects in line with nicotine effects in previous studies. These included up-regulation of xenobiotic enzymes (Cyp1a1 and Fmo3) in the lung and metabolic effects, e.g., reduction in serum lipid concentrations and changes in the expression of metabolic enzymes in the liver. Signs of a generalized stress response to nicotine exposure such as decreased thymus weights were observed; and likely, a subset of the observed metabolic alterations was interlinked with this generalized stress response. Under the conditions of this 90-day SD rat inhalation study, no toxicologically relevant effects of PG/VG aerosols (up to 1.520 mg PG/l + 1.890 mg VG/l) were observed, and the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for PG/VG/nicotine was determined to be 438/544/6.7 mg/kg/day. Further the study demonstrated how complementary systems toxicology analyses can reveal, also in the absence of observable adverse effects, subtoxic and adaptive responses to pharmacologically active compounds such as nicotine.
2017-11-03 | E-MTAB-5545 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The main constituents of electronic cigarette liquids are nicotine, propylene glycol (PG), and vegetable glycerin (VG), together with distilled water and flavors. To assess the toxicity of PG/VG mixtures with and without nicotine as basic components of liquids used in e-cigarettes, a 90-day rat inhalation study according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development test guideline 413 was conducted. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were nose-only exposed, 6?h/day, 5 days/week to filtered air, or nebulized vehicle (saline), or three concentrations of PG/VG (0.174 mg PG/l + 0.210 mg VG/l; 0.520 mg PG/l + 0.630 mg VG/l; 1.520 mg PG/l + 1.890 mg VG/l) � with (test item) and without (reference item) 23 �g nicotine/L. Standard toxicological endpoints were complemented by molecular analyses using transcriptomics, proteomics, and lipidomics. Compared to vehicle exposure, the tested PG/VG aerosols showed only very limited biological effects with no signs of toxicity, both for the standard toxicological endpoints (e.g., histopathology, clinical chemistry) and the systems toxicological analyses (transcriptomics, proteomics, and lipidomics). The addition of nicotine to the PG/VG aerosols (23 �g/l) resulted in effects in line with nicotine effects in previous studies. These included up-regulation of xenobiotic enzymes (Cyp1a1 and Fmo3) in the lung and metabolic effects, e.g., reduction in serum lipid concentrations and changes in the expression of metabolic enzymes in the liver. Signs of a generalized stress response to nicotine exposure such as decreased thymus weights were observed; and likely, a subset of the observed metabolic alterations was interlinked with this generalized stress response. Under the conditions of this 90-day SD rat inhalation study, no toxicologically relevant effects of PG/VG aerosols (up to 1.520 mg PG/l + 1.890 mg VG/l) were observed, and the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for PG/VG/nicotine was determined to be 438/544/6.7 mg/kg/day. Further the study demonstrated how complementary systems toxicology analyses can reveal, also in the absence of observable adverse effects, subtoxic and adaptive responses to pharmacologically active compounds such as nicotine.
2017-11-03 | E-MTAB-5544 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The emerging concern about chemicals in electronic cigarettes, even those without nicotine, de-mands the development of advanced criteria for their exposure and risk assessment. This study aims to highlight the sensitivity of lung nuclear receptors (NRs) to electronic cigarette e-liquids, independent of nicotine presence, and the influence of the sex variable on these effects.
2024-05-03 | GSE252208 | GEO
Project description:Many addictive drugs such as nicotine mediate reward and reinforcing mechanisms within the mesolimbic pathway involving midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons via nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Previously, genome-wide association analyses (GWAs) identified several nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with increased risk of addictive phenotypes including the nonsynonymous rs16969968 SNP encoding D398->N398 variation in the CHRNA5 gene (Bierut et al., 2008; Saccone et al., 2007) . However, the etiology and the pathophysiology associated with the N398 allele is unknown. Previous animal studies using a knock-in of human CHRNA5 N398 revealed increased nicotine consumption. However, given the evolutionary distance between mice and humans, identifying intrinsic factors that affect addiction may correlate poorly, limiting the conclusiveness of these studies. In this study, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines were derived from cryopreserved lymphocytes drawn from patients with homozygous minor alleles (N398) of rs16969968 and demonstrated nicotine addiction as well as age- and gender-matched unaffected controls carrying the major allele (D398). Cultures of primarily mDA neurons were prepared from these iPSC lines. Gene expression analysis using RT-PCR and RNAseq revealed similar expression of mRNAs encoding subunits of nAChR in mDA neurons derived from both D398 and N398 iPSC lines, however, gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed an increased enrichment of genes associated with neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions and Ca2+ signaling pathways in N398 neurons. Moreover, the N398 neuronal population responded more actively to application of nicotine in both electrophysiological analysis and Ca2+-imaging analysis. Together, these results suggest that the N398 variation affects Ca2+-signaling in neurons, which may explain the predisposition of subjects carrying this mutation for addictive behavior in subjects carrying the nonsynonymous rs16969968 SNP (Sherva et al., 2008).
2016-10-04 | GSE56398 | GEO