Project description:The transcription factor IRF5 is essential for immune defense against pathogens. Here, the authors show that the microtubule-associated factor GEF-H1 plays a critical role in host defense against Listeria monocytogenes in macrophages via activation of the IRF5 kinase IKKe
Project description:Hypoxia regulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells. However, the mechanism underlying hypoxia-mediated EMT remains largely unknow. Here, utilizing colorectal cell carcinoma (CRC) as a model, we find that HUNK inhibits EMT and suppresses metastasis of CRC cells via its substrate GEF-H1 in a kinase-dependent manner. Mechanistically, HUNK directly phosphorylates GEF-H1 at ser645 site, which activates RhoA and consequently leads to a cascade of phosphorylation of LIMK1/CFL-1, thereby stabilizing F-actin and inhibiting EMT. Moreover, hypoxia suppresses HUNK activity and dephosphorylates GEF-H1 to promote EMT. Clinically, the expression levels of both HUNK and phosphorylation of GEH-H1 ser645 are not only downregulated in CRC tissues with metastasis compared to that without metastasis, but also positively correlated among these tissues. Our findings highlight the importance of hypoxia-regulated HUNK kinase activity and phosphorylation of GEF-H1 in regulation of EMT and metastasis of CRC.
Project description:Genetic variants in IRF5 are associated with multiple immune-mediated diseases. IRF5 has been predominantly focused on for its regulation of myeloid-derived cells. We found that IRF5 contributes to CD4+ T cell outcomes and that it regulates early T cell receptor-initiated signaling and subsequently translocates to the nucleus where it binds to promoters of various genes regulated with T cell activation. We report the chromatin state of freshly isolated and activated IRF5+/+ and IRF5-/- CD4+ T cells in vitro. While there are minimal differential peaks between freshly isolated IRF5+/+ and IRF5-/- CD4+ T cells, once activated multiple differential peaks are observed between IRF5+/+ and IRF5-/- CD4+ T cells.
Project description:Purpose: To characterise the transcriptomic landscape in monocytes associated with IRF5 expression Methods: RNA sequencing from FACS sorted IRF5+ and IRF5- CD14+ monocytes Results: Differential expression based on IRF5 postiivity provides insight into its roles in monocyte function and in type-2 diabetes Conclusions: This study represents the first analyses of IRF5-dependent transcriptome in circulating monocytes from patients with Type-2 diabetes
Project description:Genome-wide gene expression analysis of murine splenic B-cells following retroviral transduction with a constitutively active IRF5 (IRF5-4D) Illumina WG-6 v2.0 arrays were hybridized to determine the gene expression profile of murine splenic B-cells following retroviral transduction with i) control virus (MSCV-IRES-CFP) or ii) IRF5-4D virus (MSCV-IRF5-4D-CFP). All hybridizations were done in biological triplicates.
Project description:To characterize the relationship between IRF5 and Lyn in innate immune responses at a genome-wide scale, we performed gene expression microarray analysis for wild-type (WT), Irf5-KO, Lyn-KO and Lyn/Irf5-DKO bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) with or without 6 h-stimulation with 150 nM CpG-B ODN. We extracted the transcripts that were upregulated by CpG-B ODN in WT BMDCs, further upregulated in Lyn-KO BMDCs and then downregulated in Lyn/Irf5-DKO BMDCs (fold change â?¥ 2, false discovery rate < 0.05). When these 79 transcripts were sorted by their expression levels in Lyn-KO BMDCs, most of the top 20 genes (13 out of 20) were those encoding type I interferons (IFNs), indicating that Lyn particularly suppresses IRF5 induction of type I IFNs. BMDCs from WT, Irf5-KO, Lyn-KO and Lyn/Irf5-DKO mice in a C57BL/6 background were unstimulated or stimulated with CpG-B ODN. Biological triplicate for each genotype were analyzed (24 samples in total).