Bacteria boost mammalian host NAD metabolism by engaging the deamidated biosynthesis pathway
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA525242 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a cofactor for hundreds of metabolic reactions in all cell types, plays an essential role in diverse cellular processes including metabolism, DNA repair, and aging. NAD metabolism is critical to maintain cellular homeostasis in response to environmental signals, however, how it is impacted by the environment remains unclear. Here, we report an unexpected trans-kingdom cooperation between bacteria and mammalian cells wherein bacteria contribute to host NAD biosynthesis. Bacteria confer mammalian cells with the resistance to inhibitors of NAMPT, the rate limiting enzyme in the main vertebrate NAD salvage pathway. Mechanistically, a microbial nicotinamidase (PncA) that converts nicotinamide to nicotinic acid, a key precursor in the alternative deamidated NAD salvage pathway, is necessary and sufficient for this protective effect. This bacteria-enabled bypass of the pharmacologically induced metabolic block in mammalian cells represents a novel paradigm in drug resistance. This host-microbe metabolic interaction also dramatically enhances the hepatic NAD-boosting efficiency of nicotinamide and nicotinamide riboside supplementation, demonstrating a crucial role of microbes, gut microbiota in particular, in systemic NAD metabolism.
2020-03-03 | GSE127750 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7194078 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mycobacteria can synthesize NAD+ using either the de novo biosynthesis pathway or the salvage pathway. The deletion of the three genes involved specifically in the NAD+ de novo biosynthesis pathway in the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis had no effect on the growth of the strain in vivo. In contrast, the same deletion in the bovine pathogen Mycobacterium bovis resulted in a strain that could not grow in vivo and could only grow in vitro with substantial nicotinamide supplmentation. This striking difference was attributed to the known defect in the nicotinamidase PncA of M. bovis, since introducing the M. tuberculosis pncA gene into the M. bovis strain defective for de novo NAD+ biosynthesis restored growth in vitro and in vivo. This study demonstrates that NAD+ starvation is a cidal event in mycobacteria and confirms that enzymes common to the de novo and salvage pathways may be good drug targets. We also propose that simultaneously targeting both the salvage and the de novo NAD+ biosynthesis pathways represents a potentially effective way to treat infection with tubercle bacilli. To characterize the lethality induced by nicotinamide starvation transcriptional profiling of the auxotrophs was performed. Triplicate 50 mL cultures of M. tuberculosis and M. bovis Delta nadABC mutants were grown in 7H9 OADC glycerol 0.05% tween broth in 500 mL roller bottles to an OD600nm= 0.1 in a roller incubator at 37°C. The cells were washed 1x in PBS and resuspended in 50 mL 7H9 OADC glycerol 0.05% tween broth with or without 20mg/L nicotinamide and returned to the incubator. After 7 days, cultures were harvested. Three biological replicates of each of two species with one dye-flip each
2010-05-14 | E-GEOD-18909 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:rs11-01_nad - knock out mutant n575260 - Study of the impact of a deregulation in the NAD concentration in arabidopsis - Study of the biosynthesis of NAD in Arabidopsis. Involvment of QPRTgene using the knock out mutant N575260 from Salk. 2 dye-swap - gene knock out
2012-02-03 | E-GEOD-30976 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:rs13_01_lao - down/up regulation of nad biosynthesis in arabidopsis and role of l-aspartate oxidase - Study of the biosynthesis of NAD in Arabidopsis. Involvment of L-Aspartate oxidase gene using T-DNA mutant (SAIL1145_B10) and overexpressor lines (promotor 35S, vector PCW162) at the same developmental stage (12 leaves) - Study of the biosynthesis of NAD in Arabidopsis. Involvment of L-Aspartate oxidase gene using T-DNA mutant (SAIL1145_B10) and overexpressor lines (promotor 35S, vector PCW162) at the same developmental stage (12 leaves)
2018-10-01 | GSE120564 | GEO
Project description:Maintenance of NAD+ levels by mitochondrial complex I, the NAD+ salvage pathway, and other routes is an important factor in of neurodegenerative disease and cancer. Both the production of NAD+ and the metabolic enzymes that require it as a redox cofactor or substrate differ widely in abundance across cell types and conditions. Disruption in the NAD+ supply thus exerts different effects depending on the cellular NAD+ requirements existing in the cell. Pharmacological depletion of NAD+ is actively being pursued in cancer and other diseases but these effects are not fully understood. Here, we combine quantitative proteomics and metabolomics to understand the consequences of disrupting cellular NAD+ levels and find that inhibiting the NAD+ salvage pathway depletes serine biosynthesis from glucose by impeding the NAD+-dependent protein 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH). Importantly, breast cancers that depend on PHGDH are exquisitely sensitive to blocking the NAD+ salvage pathway. PHGDH, and the rate-limiting enzyme of NAD+ salvage are also correlated in public tumor proteome and transcript datasets. These findings are immediately translatable to the pharmacological inhibition of NAMPT in PHGDH-dependent cancers.
2018-08-14 | PXD007790 | Pride
Project description:rs11-08_nad2 - down regulation of qptgene in arabidopsis - Study of the biosynthesis of NAD in Arabidopsis. Involvment of QPTgene using the knock out Salk mutant N575260. - Study of the biosynthesis of NAD in Arabidopsis. Involvment of QPTgene using the knock out Salk mutant N575260. 2 dye-swap - normal vs transgenic comparison
2013-08-01 | E-GEOD-49034 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Mycobacteria can synthesize NAD+ using either the de novo biosynthesis pathway or the salvage pathway. The deletion of the three genes involved specifically in the NAD+ de novo biosynthesis pathway in the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis had no effect on the growth of the strain in vivo. In contrast, the same deletion in the bovine pathogen Mycobacterium bovis resulted in a strain that could not grow in vivo and could only grow in vitro with substantial nicotinamide supplmentation. This striking difference was attributed to the known defect in the nicotinamidase PncA of M. bovis, since introducing the M. tuberculosis pncA gene into the M. bovis strain defective for de novo NAD+ biosynthesis restored growth in vitro and in vivo. This study demonstrates that NAD+ starvation is a cidal event in mycobacteria and confirms that enzymes common to the de novo and salvage pathways may be good drug targets. We also propose that simultaneously targeting both the salvage and the de novo NAD+ biosynthesis pathways represents a potentially effective way to treat infection with tubercle bacilli. To characterize the lethality induced by nicotinamide starvation transcriptional profiling of the auxotrophs was performed. Triplicate 50 mL cultures of M. tuberculosis and M. bovis Delta nadABC mutants were grown in 7H9 OADC glycerol 0.05% tween broth in 500 mL roller bottles to an OD600nm= 0.1 in a roller incubator at 37°C. The cells were washed 1x in PBS and resuspended in 50 mL 7H9 OADC glycerol 0.05% tween broth with or without 20mg/L nicotinamide and returned to the incubator. After 7 days, cultures were harvested.
2010-02-24 | GSE18909 | GEO
Project description:rs11-08_nad2 - down regulation of qptgene in arabidopsis - Study of the biosynthesis of NAD in Arabidopsis. Involvment of QPTgene using the knock out Salk mutant N575260. - Study of the biosynthesis of NAD in Arabidopsis. Involvment of QPTgene using the knock out Salk mutant N575260.
2013-08-01 | GSE49034 | GEO
Project description:rs09-02_quinolinate - quinolinate - Study of the impact of an inductible increase in the NAD concentration in arabidopsis - Comparison between the mutant or the control after a quinolinate treatment Keywords: treated vs untreated comparison,wt vs mutant comparison 6 dye-swap - CATMA arrays
2010-07-01 | E-GEOD-19084 | biostudies-arrayexpress