Targeting the mevalonate pathway to overcome acquired anti-HER2 treatment resistance in breast cancer [RNA-seq]
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA545733 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Despite effective strategies, therapy resistance in HER2+ breast cancer remains a challenge. While the Mevalonate pathway (MVA) is suggested to promote cell growth and survival, including in HER2+ models, its potential role in resistance to HER2-targeted therapy is unknown. Using HER2+ breast cancer parental (P) cell models (AU565, SKBR3, and UACC812), we have established anti-HER2-resistant derivatives made resistant to lapatinib (LR) or lapatinib plus trastuzumab (LTR). We performed RNA-seq on these resistant models and the P cells treated with lapatinib or lapatinib plus trastuzumaba for 24 h. We found that the average expression of the key genes in the MVA pathway, as a surrogate for pathway activity, was dramatically reduced in P cells with short-term treatment. In contrast, expression was restored or further upregulated relative to P cells in all three resistant (LR/LTR) models. Specific blockade of this pathway with lipophilic but not hydrophilic statins and with the n-bisphosphonate zoledronic acid led to apoptosis and substantial growth inhibition of resistant cells. Inhibition was rescued by mevalonate or the intermediate metabolites farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), but not by cholesterol. Activated YAP/TAZ and mTORC1 signaling and their downstream target gene product Survivin were inhibited by MVA blockade especially in the LR/LTR models. Overexpression of constitutively active YAP rescued Survivin and phosphorylated S6 levels despite blockade of the MVA. The MVA may provide alternative signaling leading to cell survival and resistance when HER2 is blocked by activating YAP/TAZ-mTORC1-Survivin signaling suggesting novel therapeutic targets. MVA inhibitors including lipophilic statins and N-bisphosphonates may circumvent resistance to anti-HER2 therapy and warrant further clinical investigation.
2020-04-04 | GSE132055 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6825570 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Targeting 17q23 amplicon to overcome the resistance to anti-HER2 therapy in HER2+ breast cancer
| PRJNA488470 | ENA
Project description:Amplification of chromosome 17q23 is a frequent genomic event that occurs in ~ 11% of human breast cancers. The 17q23 amplification is enriched in HER2+ breast cancers, which is significantly correlated with poor clinical outcomes. Previous studies have identified the oncogenic phosphatase WIP1 gene in the amplicon, which functions as a master inhibitor in DNA damage response. While the possibility of any other protein-coding oncogenes in the WIP1-containing 17q23 amplicon was ruled out, our analysis of human breast cancer genomics uncovered an oncogenic microRNA gene, MIR21, in a majority of the WIP1-containing amplicons. Interestingly, DEAD-box helicase 5 (DDX5), co-amplified with WIP1 and MIR21 in the 17q23 amplicon, facilitates the essential processing of primary miR-21 transcripts. Accordingly, the 17q23 amplification results in aberrant expression of WIP1 and miR-21, which not only promotes breast tumorigenesis, but also leads to resistance to anti-HER2 therapies. Inhibiting WIP1 and miR-21 using small molecular inhibitor against WIP1 (GSK2830371) and anti-miR-21 oligonucleotides selectively inhibits the proliferation, survival and tumorigenic potential of HER2+ breast cancer cells harboring 17q23 amplification. However, the in vivo bioavailability of the two agents in their free form is poor. To overcome the resistance of trastuzumab-based therapies in vivo, we developed pH-sensitive nanoparticles for specific co-delivery of the two agents into breast tumors. The nanoparticles consist of four materials approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for medical use: Poly (d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), Pluronic F127 (PF127), chitosan, and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (DPPC). Moreover, chitosan was modified with guanidine to form chitosan-guanidine (CG), which not only can improve the encapsulation efficiency of anti-miR-21 oligonucleotides but also effectively capture carbon dioxide (CO2) into the nanoparticle to achieve the ‘nano-bomb’ effect for triggered drug release under the reduced pH in tumors. The two agents (inhibitors of miR-21 and WIP1)-laden nanoparticles can be used to efficiently kill trastuzumab-resistant HER2+ breast cancer cells, leading to a profound reduction of the tumor growth in vivo. These results demonstrate the great potential of the combined treatment of WIP1 and miR-21 inhibitors for the HER2+ breast cancers resistant to anti-HER2-based therapies.
2018-10-03 | GSE119210 | GEO
Project description:Estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancers that develop resistance to therapies that target the ER are the most common cause of breast cancer death. Beyond mutations in ER, which occur in 25-30% of patients treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs), our understanding of clinical mechanisms of resistance to ER-directed therapies remains incomplete. We identified activating HER2 mutations in metastatic biopsies from eight patients with ER+ metastatic breast cancer who had developed resistance to ER-directed agents, including AIs, tamoxifen, and fulvestrant. Examination of treatment-naïve primary tumors in five patients revealed no evidence of pre-existing mutations in four of five patients, suggesting that these mutations were acquired under the selective pressure of ER-directed therapy. These mutations were mutually exclusive with ER mutations, suggesting a distinct mechanism of acquired resistance to ER-directed therapies. In vitro analysis confirmed that these mutations conferred estrogen independence. In addition, and in contrast to ER mutations, these mutations resulted in resistance to tamoxifen, fulvestrant, and the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib. Resistance was overcome by combining ER-directed therapy with the irreversible HER2 kinase inhibitor neratinib, highlighting an effective treatment strategy in these patients.
2018-10-19 | GSE121411 | GEO
Project description:The use of trastuzumab and pertuzumab in combination with docetaxel for initial treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer patients has resulted in notable clinical benefits in comparison to docetaxel administered with trastuzumab alone. Nevertheless, although therapeutic success is evident at the outset, the majority of tumours eventually advance, rendering metastatic disease and subsequent recurrence in patients who have developed acquired resistance. There is an urgent requirement to enhance our comprehension of the mechanisms governing resistance, enabling us to develop targeted therapeutic approaches to improve efficacy. We produced four HER2-positive-derived cell lines through prolonged exposure to trastuzumab and pertuzumab, determining their resistance rates. We confirmed long-term resistance through a notable increase in colony formation capacity of the derived cells. We confirmed the molecular identity of the new cell lines using immunohistochemistry of their receptors and profiling of point mutations. We detected HER2 overexpression in all cell lines and resistance to trastuzumab and pertuzumab did not result in variations in ER, PR and HER2 receptor expression. Finally, a study using proteomics analysis confirmed a significant alteration in the abundance patterns of over 600 proteins. This has implications for various vital biological processes such as ribosome creation, mitochondrial functionality, and metabolism. These mechanisms may play a crucial role in developing resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer. We conclude that these BCCLs resistant to trastuzumab plus pertuzumab-based anti-HER2 therapy could be a useful resource to enhance comprehension of resistance acquisition mechanisms.
2024-01-26 | PXD045804 | Pride
Project description:TP53-mutant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) are characterized by chemotherapy resistance and represent an unmet clinical need. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy might be a promising therapeutic option for TP53-mutant AML/MDS. However, the impact of TP53 deficiency in AML cells on the efficacy of CAR T-cells is unknown. We here show that CAR T-cells engaging TP53-deficient leukemia cells exhibit a prolonged interaction time, upregulate exhaustion markers, and are unable to control AML cell outgrowth in vitro and in vivo compared to TP53 wildtype cells. Transcriptional profiling revealed that the mevalonate pathway is upregulated in TP53-deficient AML cells under CAR T-cell attack, while CAR T-cells engaging TP53-deficient AML cells downregulate the Wnt pathway. In vitro rational targeting of either of these pathways rescues AML cell sensitivity to CAR T-cell-mediated killing. We thus demonstrate that TP53 deficiency confers resistance to CAR T-cell therapy and identify the mevalonate pathway as a therapeutic vulnerability of TP53-deficient AML cells engaged by CAR T-cells, and the Wnt pathway as a promising CAR T-cell therapy-enhancing approach for TP53-deficient AML/MDS.
2023-10-31 | GSE246335 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6226492 | biostudies-literature
Project description:<p>The HER pathway is the driving force behind 30% of human breast cancers. It is important to understand how targeted therapies block different cellular pathways, and mechanisms of escape from this blockage. Therapies directed at HER2 establish a successful treatment paradigm, but de novo and acquired resistance exist. The HER signaling system is a complex network with four receptors and eleven ligands, a phosphorylation signaling cascade, and many transcription factors, all complicated by both positive and negative feedback circuits. Analysis of genomes, exomes and transcriptomes by next generation sequencing is aimed at uncovering the genetic factors responsible for patient responses to HER2-directed therapies.</p> <p>We are sequencing HER2-overexpressing cancers, in order to identify potential somatic changes that may better select patients who will benefit from therapy, to determine new targets that may overcome resistance, and to improve outcomes with known current HER2-targeted therapies. Whole exome capture sequencing will determine somatic mutation profiles in HER2-overexpressing tumors, to comprehensively characterize the somatic alterations, with the goal of identifying those patients most likely to respond, as well as discovering new targets that may overcome resistance to HER2-directed therapy. We augment the whole exome data with RNA-seq data to determine expression levels of somatic mutations we discover. </p>
| phs000770 | dbGaP
Project description:Background: The addition of the anti-HER2 antibody pertuzumab to trastuzumab/chemotherapy treatment in HER2+ breast cancer significantly improves clinical outcome. Concomitantly, the drug-antibody conjugate T-DM1 (trastuzumab-emantasine) has demonstrated efficacy, at least equal, to the combination of trastuzumab/chemotherapy. Scientific, economic and health challenges emerge from the clinical use of these novel anti-HER2 antibodies, aimed to identify new resistance mechanisms and to select the target breast cancer population. Objectives: (1) To identify primary resistance mechanisms to anti-HER2 antibodies trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and to the combined trastuzumab/pertuzumab or pertuzumab/T-DM1 therapy, (2) To identify acquired resistance mechanisms to anti-HER2 antibodies trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and to the combined trastuzumab/pertuzumab or pertuzumab/T-DM1 therapy, (3) To develop new combinations of anti-HER2 antibodies with other targeted therapies.
2019-12-31 | GSE89216 | GEO