Project description:This study aimed to analyze changes in gut microbiota composition in mice after transplantation of fecal microbiota (FMT, N = 6) from the feces of NSCLC patients by analyzing fecal content using 16S rRNA sequencing, 10 days after transplantation. Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) mice were used for each experiments (N=4) as controls.
Project description:Liver clock regulates transcription of hepatic genes in response to feeding. To explore the possibility that the microbiome influences this process, we measured the liver transcriptome in normal mice (Specific Pathogen Free or SPF mice) and compared it to the transcriptome in mice lacking microbiota (Germ Free or GF mice) at different time points over 24h. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression in liver of GF and SPF 10-12 weeks-old male C57Bl/6 male mice. There are 40 liver samples, each from an individual mouse. The samples are from germ free mice (GF) and specific pathogen free mice (SPF). Mice of both types were sacrificed at four time points: Zeitgeber Time 0, 6, 12, and 18. There are five replicates per condition.
Project description:Liver clock regulates transcription of hepatic genes in response to feeding. To explore the possibility that the microbiome influences this process, we measured the liver transcriptome in normal mice (Specific Pathogen Free or SPF mice) and compared it to the transcriptome in mice lacking microbiota (Germ Free or GF mice) at different time points over 24h. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression in liver of GF and SPF 10-12 weeks-old male C57Bl/6 male mice.
Project description:We hypothesized that there were genes involved in the maintenance of intestinal tolerance to commensal bacteria. These genes should meet the following criteria: expressed in intestines, upregulated in the presence of commensal bacteria and downregulated in absence of microbes. To find these genes, we collected small intestines from postnatal mice that neither affected by the bacteria nor by the food, adult mice bred in germ-free or specific pathogen-free conditions, and adult SPF mice treated with antibiotics. We therefore performed bulk RNA sequencing using these cells.
Project description:Accumulating evidence indicates that gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and contributes to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. In contrast, the influence of gut microbiota on the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier has not yet been studied. Here, RNA-seq analysis of choroid plexus tissues of normal colonized specific pathogen-free (SPF) versus decolonized antibiotics-treated mice revealed that the barrier function of choroid plexus is affected by the absence of gut microbiota in the AB mice.
Project description:Antibiotics revolutionized medicine, however, it is now clear that broad-spectrum antibiotics alter the composition and function of the host’s microbiome. The microbiome plays a key role in human health and its perturbation is increasingly recognized as contributing to many human diseases. Wide spread broad-spectrum antibiotic use has also resulted in the emergence of multi-drug resistant pathogens, spurring development of pathogen-specific strategies such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to combat bacterial infection. Not only are pathogen-specific approaches not expected to induce resistance in non-targeted bacteria, but they are hypothesized to have minimal impact on the gut microbiome. Here, we compare the effects of antibiotics, pathogen-specific mAbs or their controls (saline or c-IgG) on the gut microbiome of 7-week-old, female, C57BL/6 mice. The magnitude of change in taxonomic abundance, bacterial diversity, and bacterial metabolites including short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and bile acids in the fecal pellets from mice treated with pathogen-specific mAbs was no different from animals treated with saline or an IgG control. Conversely, dramatic changes were observed in the relative abundance, as well as alpha- and beta-diversity, of the fecal microbiome, and bacterial metabolites in the feces of all antibiotic-treated mice. Taken together, these results indicate that pathogen-specific mAbs do not alter the fecal microbiome like broad-spectrum antibiotics and may represent a safer, more targeted approach to antibacterial therapy.
Project description:DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark that is altered in cancer and aging tissues. The effects of extrinsic factors on DNA methylation remain incompletely understood. Microbial dysbiosis is a hallmark of colorectal cancer, and infections have been linked to aberrant DNA methylation in cancers of the GI tract. To determine the microbiota’s impact on DNA methylation, we studied the DNA methylation of colorectal mucosa in germ-free (GF, no microbiome) and specific pathogen free (SPF, controlled microbiome) mice, as well as in interleukin 10 KO mice (Il10-/-) which are prone to inflammation and tumorigenesis in the presence of a microbiome. We compared DNA methylation changes to those seen in aging, and after exposure to the colon carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM). DNA methylation changes associated with aging were accelerated in the Il10-/- /SPF mice. By contrast, AOM induced profound hypomethylation that was distinct from the effects of aging or of the microbiome. CpG sites modified by the microbiome were over-represented among DNA methylation changes in colorectal cancer. Thus, the microbiome affects the DNA methylome of colorectal mucosa in patterns reminiscent of what is observed in colorectal cancer.
Project description:Juzehtaihoto, a Japanese traditional medicine has been used for the treatment of various kinds of diseases or disorders in an enteric-flora dependent manner. Here, we performed transcriptome analysis using Affymetrix GeneChip on large intestine (LI) of germ-free (GF) and specific pathogen free (SPF) mice of IQI, an inbred strain established from ICR, and BALB/c SPF mice.