CTCF mediates chromatin looping via N-terminal domain-dependent cohesin retention
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA561342 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The DNA-binding protein CTCF and the cohesin complex function together to shape chromatin architecture in mammalian cells, but the molecular details of this process remain unclear. We demonstrate that a 79 amino acid region within the CTCF N-terminal domain but not the C-terminus is necessary for cohesin positioning at CTCF binding sites and chromatin loop formation. However, the N-terminus of CTCF, when fused to artificial zinc fingers that do not bind to CTCF DNA binding sites was not sufficient to redirect cohesin to different genomic locations, indicating that cohesin positioning by CTCF does not involve direct protein-protein interactions with cohesin subunits. BORIS (CTCFL), a germline-specific paralog of CTCF was unable to anchor cohesin to CTCF DNA binding sites. Furthermore, CTCF-BORIS Chimeric constructs provided evidence that both the first two CTCF zinc fingers and, likely, the 3D geometry of CTCF-DNA complexes are involved in cohesin retention. Moreover, we were able to convert BORIS into CTCF with respect to cohesin positioning, thus providing additional molecular details of the cohesin retention function of CTCF. Our data suggest that the N-terminus of CTCF and the 3D spatial conformation of the CTCF-DNA complex act as a roadblock to constrain cohesin movement along DNA.
2020-01-01 | GSE136122 | GEO
Project description:The DNA-binding protein CTCF and the cohesin complex function together to shape chromatin architecture in mammalian cells, but the molecular details of this process remain unclear. We demonstrate that a 79 amino acid region within the CTCF N-terminal domain but not the C-terminus is necessary for cohesin positioning at CTCF binding sites and chromatin loop formation. However, the N-terminus of CTCF, when fused to artificial zinc fingers that do not bind to CTCF DNA binding sites was not sufficient to redirect cohesin to different genomic locations, indicating that cohesin positioning by CTCF does not involve direct protein-protein interactions with cohesin subunits. BORIS (CTCFL), a germlinespecific paralog of CTCF was unable to anchor cohesin to CTCF DNA binding sites. Furthermore, CTCF-BORIS Chimeric constructs provided evidence that both the first two CTCF zinc fingers and, likely, the 3D geometry of CTCF-DNA complexes are involved in cohesin retention. Moreover, we were able to convert BORIS into CTCF with respect to cohesin positioning, thus providing additional molecular details of the cohesin retention function of CTCF. Our data suggest that the N-terminus of CTCF and the 3D spatial conformation of the CTCF-DNA complex act as a roadblock to constrain cohesin movement along DNA.
2020-01-01 | GSE137216 | GEO
Project description:CTCF mediates chromatin looping via N-terminal domain-dependent cohesin retention [ChIP-seq & RNA-seq]
| PRJNA564822 | ENA
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6995019 | biostudies-literature
Project description:As part of a study to understand the dynamics of chromatin looping and its regulation by CTCF and cohesin, we have determined the genome-wide binding profiles of CTCF and cohesin (Smc1a subunit) in a genome-edited mouse Embryonic Stem Cell (mESC) line referred to as clone C65. We have also performed 3D genome mapping using Micro-C in another genome-edited mESC line referred to as clone C36.
2021-12-31 | GSE187487 | GEO
Project description:Depletion of architectural factors globally alters chromatin structure, but only modestly affects gene expression. We revisit the structure-function relationship using the inactive X chromosome (Xi) as a model. We investigate cohesin imbalances by forcing its depletion or retention using degron-tagged RAD21 (cohesin subunit) or WAPL (cohesin release factor). Interestingly, cohesin loss disrupts Xi superstructure, unveiling superloops between escapee genes, with minimal effect on gene repression. By contrast, forced cohesin retention markedly affects Xi superstructure and compromises spreading of Xist RNA-Polycomb complexes, attenuating Xi silencing. Effects are greatest at distal chromosomal ends, where looping contacts with the Xist locus are weakened. Surprisingly, cohesin loss created an ?Xi superloop? and cohesin retention created ?Xi megadomains? on the active X. Across the genome, a proper cohesin balance protects against aberrant inter-chromosomal interactions and tempers Polycomb-mediated repression. We conclude that a balance of cohesin eviction and retention regulates X-inactivation and inter-chromosomal interactions across the genome.
2021-03-15 | GSE144834 | GEO
Project description:The transcription factor ZNF143 contains seven tandem zinc fingers and is involved in 3D genome construction; however, the mechanism by which ZNF143 functions in chromatin looping remains unclear. Here, we show that ZNF143 directionally recognizes diverse genomic sites and is required for chromatin looping between these sites. In addition, ZNF143 is located between CTCF and cohesin at numerous CTCF sites and ZNF143 removal narrows the space between CTCF and cohesin. Moreover, genetic deletion of ZNF143, in conjunction with acute CTCF depletion, revealed that ZNF143 and CTCF collaborate to regulate higher-order genome organization. Thus, ZNF143 is recruited by CTCF to the CTCF sites to regulate TAD formation and genome compartmentalization whereas directional recognition of DNA motifs directly by ZNF143 itself regulates promoter activity via chromatin looping.
2023-11-07 | GSE236635 | GEO
Project description:The transcription factor ZNF143 contains seven tandem zinc fingers and is involved in 3D genome construction; however, the mechanism by which ZNF143 functions in chromatin looping remains unclear. Here, we show that ZNF143 directionally recognizes diverse genomic sites and is required for chromatin looping between these sites. In addition, ZNF143 is located between CTCF and cohesin at numerous CTCF sites and ZNF143 removal narrows the space between CTCF and cohesin. Moreover, genetic deletion of ZNF143, in conjunction with acute CTCF depletion, revealed that ZNF143 and CTCF collaborate to regulate higher-order genome organization. Thus, ZNF143 is recruited by CTCF to the CTCF sites to regulate TAD formation and genome compartmentalization whereas directional recognition of DNA motifs directly by ZNF143 itself regulates promoter activity via chromatin looping.
2023-11-07 | GSE236631 | GEO
Project description:Regulation of Chromatin Looping by CTCF and Cohesin
| PRJNA777586 | ENA
Project description:The transcription factor ZNF143 contains seven tandem zinc fingers and is involved in 3D genome construction; however, the mechanism by which ZNF143 functions in chromatin looping remains unclear. Here, we show that ZNF143 directionally recognizes diverse genomic sites and is required for chromatin looping between these sites. In addition, ZNF143 is located between CTCF and cohesin at numerous CTCF sites and ZNF143 removal narrows the space between CTCF and cohesin. Moreover, genetic deletion of ZNF143, in conjunction with acute CTCF depletion, revealed that ZNF143 and CTCF collaborate to regulate higher-order genome organization. Thus, ZNF143 is recruited by CTCF to the CTCF sites to regulate TAD formation and genome compartmentalization whereas directional recognition of DNA motifs directly by ZNF143 itself regulates promoter activity via chromatin looping.
2023-12-21 | GSE248731 | GEO