Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA597258 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Viral Metagenomics of fecal samples of fruit bats
| PRJNA344863 | ENA
Project description:Bats harbour various viruses without severe symptoms and act as natural reservoirs. This tolerance of bats toward viral infections is assumed to be originated from the uniqueness of their immune system. However, how the innate immune response varies between primates and bats remains unclear. To illuminate differences in innate immune responses among animal species, we performed a comparative single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from four species including Egyptian fruit bats inoculated with various infectious stimuli.
2023-01-18 | GSE218199 | GEO
Project description:Bats are the most important natural reservoirs for a variety of emerging viruses that cause several illnesses in humans and other mammals. Increased viral shedding by bats is thought to be linked to an increased ability of many bat species to tolerate viral infection. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, is thought to have originated in bats, since viruses with high sequence similarity have been detected in bat feces. However, there is no robust in vitro model for assessing the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the bat GI tract. Here, we established gastrointestinal organoid cultures from Jamaican fruit bats (JFB, Artibeus jamaicensis), which replicated the characteristic morphology of the gastrointestinal epithelium and showed tissue specific gene expression patterns and cell differentiation. To analyze whether JFB intestinal epithelial cells are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, we performed in vitro infection experiments. Increased SARS-CoV-2 RNA was found in both cell lysates and supernatants from the infected organoids after 48 h, and sgRNA also was detected, indicating that the JFB intestinal epithelium supports limited viral replication. However, no infectious virus was released into the culture media, and no cytopathic effects were observed. Gene expression studies revealed a significant induction of type I interferon and inflammatory cytokine genes in response to active SARS-CoV-2 virus but not to TLR agonist treatment. Untargeted analysis of the organoid proteome using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) revealed a significant increase in proteins and pathways associated with inflammatory signaling, cell turnover and repair, and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Collectively, our data suggest that primary intestinal epithelial cells from JFBs are largely resistant to SARS-CoV-2 infection and cell damage, likely because they are able to mount a strong antiviral interferon and regenerative response upon infection.
2024-01-26 | PXD036016 | Pride
Project description:Metagenomics of viral communities of vampire bats in Peru
| PRJEB28138 | ENA
Project description:Bats are natural reservoirs for a large range of emerging viruses that cause lethal diseases in humans and domestic animals, but remain asymptomatic in bats. Understanding the host-pathogen interactions relies on the availability of relevant models including susceptible cells, derived from viral target tissues. To obtain bat cell types pertinent for the study of viral infection, we applied somatic reprogramming approach to Pteropus primary cells as initial substrates. Using the novel combination of three transcription factors: ESRRB, CDX2 and c-MYC, we generated reprogrammed cells exhibiting stem cells features.
2020-01-01 | GSE134585 | GEO
Project description:Bats are the natural reservoir host for a number of zoonotic viruses, including Hendra virus (HeV) which causes severe clinical disease in humans and other susceptible hosts. Our understanding of the ability of bats to avoid clinical disease following infection with viruses such as HeV has come predominantly from in vitro studies focusing on innate immunity. Information on the early host response to infection in vivo is lacking and there is no comparative data on responses in bats compared with animals that succumb to disease. In this study, we examined the sites of HeV replication and the immune response of infected Australian black flying foxes and ferrets at 12, 36 and 60 hours post exposure (hpe). Viral antigen was detected at 60 hpe in bats and was confined to the lungs whereas in ferrets there was evidence of widespread viral RNA and antigen by 60 hpe. The mRNA expression of IFNs revealed antagonism of type I and III IFNs and a significant increase in the chemokine, CXCL10, in bat lung and spleen following infection. In ferrets, there was an increase in the transcription of IFN in the spleen following infection. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on lung tissue from bats and ferrets was performed at 0 and 60 hpe to obtain a global overview of viral and host protein expression. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of immune pathways revealed that six pathways, including a number involved in cell mediated immunity were more likely to be upregulated in bat lung compared to ferrets. GO analysis also revealed enrichment of the type I IFN signaling pathway in bats and ferrets. This study contributes important comparative data on differences in the dissemination of HeV and the first to provide comparative data on the activation of immune pathways in bats and ferrets in vivo following infection.
2020-03-03 | PXD017495 | Pride