Regulation of cholesterol biogenesis by the glucose-sensing transcription factor MondoA is required for zebrafish epiboly
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PROVIDER: PRJNA603464 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The glucose-sensing Mondo pathway regulates expression of metabolic genes in mammals. Here, we have revealed an unexpected role of this pathway in vertebrate embryonic development. We characterized Mondo pathway function in the zebrafish and showed that knock-down of mondoa impaired the early morphogenetic movement of epiboly in zebrafish embryos. Expression of nsdhl , an enzyme of cholesterol and pregnenolone synthesis, was strongly reduced in these embryos. Loss of Nsdhl function likewise impaired epiboly and led to microtubule cytoskeleton defects in the embryo, similar to MondoA loss of function. Both epiboly and microtubule cytoskeleton defects were partially restored by pregnenolone treatment. Gene disruption of mondoa perturbed epiboly with only partial penetrance, likely due to compensatory changes in the expression of cholesterol/steroid metabolism genes. Collectively, our results show a novel role for MondoA in the regulation of early vertebrate development, connecting glucose, cholesterol and steroid hormone metabolism with early embryonic cell movements.
2020-09-11 | GSE144349 | GEO
Project description:The glucose-sensing Mondo pathway regulates expression of metabolic genes in mammals. Here, we have revealed an unexpected role of this pathway in vertebrate embryonic development. We characterized Mondo pathway function in the zebrafish and showed that knock-down of mondoa impaired the early morphogenetic movement of epiboly in zebrafish embryos. Expression of nsdhl , an enzyme of cholesterol and pregnenolone synthesis, was strongly reduced in these embryos. Loss of Nsdhl function likewise impaired epiboly and led to microtubule cytoskeleton defects in the embryo, similar to MondoA loss of function. Both epiboly and microtubule cytoskeleton defects were partially restored by pregnenolone treatment. Gene disruption of mondoa perturbed epiboly with only partial penetrance, likely due to compensatory changes in the expression of cholesterol/steroid metabolism genes. Collectively, our results show a novel role for MondoA in the regulation of early vertebrate development, connecting glucose, cholesterol and steroid hormone metabolism with early embryonic cell movements.
2020-09-11 | GSE134778 | GEO
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2020-09-11 | GSE144350 | GEO
Project description:BACKGROUND: Protein synthesis is regulated by the availability of amino acids, the engagement of growth factor signaling pathways and ATP levels sufficient to support translation. Crosstalk between these inputs is extensive, yet other regulatory mechanisms remain to be characterized. For example, the translation initiation inhibitor Rocaglamide A (RocA) induces Thioredoxin Interacting Protein (TXNIP). TXNIP is a negative regulator of glucose uptake, thus its induction by RocA links translation to the availability of glucose. MondoA is the principal regulator of glucose-induced transcription and its activity is triggered by the glycolytic intermediate, glucose 6-phosphate (G6P). MondoA responds to G6P generated by cytoplasmic glucose and mitochondrial ATP (mtATP), suggesting a critical role in the cellular response to these energy sources. TXNIP expression is entirely dependent on MondoA, therefore, we investigated how protein synthesis inhibitors impact its transcriptional activity. METHODS: We investigated how translation regulates MondoA activity using cell line models and loss-of-function approaches. We examined how protein synthesis inhibitors effect gene expression and metabolism using RNA-sequencing and metabolomics, respectively. The biological impact of RocA was evaluated using both cell line models and Patient-Derived Xenograft Organoid models. RESULTS: We discovered that multiple protein synthesis inhibitors, including RocA, increase TXNIP expression in a manner that depends on MondoA, a functional electron transport chain and mtATP synthesis. Furthermore, RocA increases mtATP and G6P levels and TXNIP induction depends on interactions between the Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel (VDAC) and hexokinase, which generates G6P. RocA treatment impacts the regulation of ~1200 genes and ~250 of those genes are MondoA-dependent. RocA treatment is cytotoxic to Triple Negative Breast Cancer cell lines and shows preferential cytotoxicity against ER- patient-derived breast cancer models. Finally, RocA-driven cytotoxicity is partially-dependent on MondoA or TXNIP. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that protein synthesis inhibitors rewire metabolism, resulting in an increase in mtATP and G6P, the latter driving MondoA-dependent transcriptional activity. Further, MondoA is a critical component of the cellular transcriptional response to RocA. Our functional assays suggest that RocA or similar translation inhibitors may show efficacy against ER- tumors and that the levels of MondoA and TXNIP should be considered when exploring these potential treatment options.
2020-12-07 | GSE153499 | GEO
Project description:CD81 is a protein found in the cells of all vertebrates, including humans. CD81 performs an important role in the natural biology of a cell: it organises collections of proteins at the cell surface, allowing them to function together. Through this role, CD81 facilitates the activation of immune cells and the fusion of sperm and egg cells during fertilisation. As well these normal functions, CD81 is a receptor for hepatitis C virus, and malaria, to gain entry to liver cells. It was recently suggested that CD81 may be able to sense cholesterol at the cell surface, resulting in a switch-like movement in CD81, however, it is unknown whether this feature affects CD81 function. In this study, we generated variants of CD81 with disruptions in cholesterol sensing, and its associated switching mechanism. Our experiments suggest that HCV entry is dependent on the cholesterol-bound form of CD81, in which the switch is in a closed position. Our study provides evidence that cholesterol sensing is important for CD81 function; this work paves the way for future investigations into the role of CD81 in both health and disease.
2020-12-02 | PXD019260 | Pride
Project description:In order to investigate the effect of MondoA loss on the expression of Myc-dependent genes, we performed a microarray analysis from RNAs isolated from TET21N cells expressing either control (siControl) or MondoA (siMondoA) siRNAs either with (NT) or without (Doxy) induced N-Myc expression. TET21N cells were grown in medium with either Doxy (Myc-Off) or No Treatment (Myc-On), then transiently transfected with either non-specific siRNA or MondoA siRNA in replicates. Cells were then lysed and RNA isolated.
2015-01-01 | E-GEOD-55538 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Human MondoA requires glucose as well as other modulatory signals to function in transcription. One such signal is acidosis, which increases MondoA activity and also drives a protective gene signature breast cancer. How low pH controls MondoA transcriptional activity is unknown. We found that low pH medium increases mitochondrial ATP (mtATP), which is subsequently exported from the mitochondrial matrix. Mitochondria-bound hexokinase transfers a phosphate from mtATP to cytoplasmic glucose to generate glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), which is an established MondoA activator. The outer mitochondrial membrane localization of MondoA suggests that it is positioned to coordinate the adaptive transcriptional response to a cell’s most abundant energy sources, cytoplasmic glucose and mtATP. In response to acidosis, MondoA shows preferential binding to just two targets, TXNIP and its paralog ARRDC4. Because these transcriptional targets are suppressors of glucose uptake we propose that MondoA is critical for restoring metabolic homeostasis in response to high energy charge.
2019-01-23 | GSE125089 | GEO
Project description:Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer. To identify novel candidates for targeted treatment of childhood ALL, we performed a comprehensive transcriptome analysis yielding a set of genes specifically overexpressed in ALL. Among them we identified MondoA - a transcription factor regulating glycolysis in response to glucose availability. Here, we confirm that MondoA is highly overexpressed ALL, whereas the MondoA paralog, MondoB, is not expressed. Expression studies revealed that MondoA is not regulated by glucose availability in leukemia cells, but by the presence of lactate. An in silico MondoA promoter analysis identified two methylation-prone CpG-islands and four conserved binding sites for runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1). In fact, MondoA and RUNX1 are significantly coexpressed in leukemia and experimental blockage of DNA methylation leads to a further induction of MondoA. In addition, using microarray profiling, gene-set enrichment analysis and RNA interference we provide for the first time evidence that MondoA expression not only increases glucose catabolism, but also maintains a more immature ALL phenotype, which is associated with enhanced survival and clonogenicity of leukemia cells. These data hint to an important contribution of MondoA to leukemia aggressiveness validating MondoA as an attractive candidate for targeted treatment of ALL. Two nonsense shRNA expressing control Nalm6 clones and three MondoA shRNA expressing Nalm6 clones were subjected to microarray analysis.
2012-07-31 | E-GEOD-33967 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To determine the contibution of the transcription factor MondoA to 2-deoxyglucose-induced transcription expression analysis was carried out in control and MondoA knockdown cells HA1ER cells are human embryonic kidney cells transformed with hTERT, SV40 Early region and activated H-Ras Keywords: cell type comparision, genetic modification HA1ER cells, Control (NS) or MondoA knockdown (M2), were starved for glucose overnight and then treated with 2-deoxyglucose for 3 hours
2008-04-24 | E-GEOD-11242 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We assessed the impact of glucose transporter Glut2 gene inactivation in adult mouse liver (LG2KO mice). This suppressed hepatic glucose uptake but not glucose output. In the fasted state, expression of carbohydrate responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) and its glycolytic and lipogenic target genes was abnormally elevated. Feeding, energy expenditure, and insulin sensitivity were identical in LG2KO and control mice. Glucose tolerance was normal early after Glut2 inactivation but intolerance developed at later time. This was caused by progressive impairment of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion even though beta-cell mass and insulin content remained normal. Liver transcript profiling revealed a coordinate down-regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis genes in LG2KO mice. This was associated with reduced hepatic cholesterol in fasted mice and a 30 percent reduction in bile acid production. We showed that chronic bile acids or FXR agonist treatment of primary islets increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, an effect not seen in islets from fxr-/- mice. Collectively, our data show that glucose sensing by the liver controls beta-cell glucose competence, through a mechanism that likely depends on bile acid production and action on beta-cells. three replicates each of ps_ctrl_refed, ps_tamox_refed, ps_ctrl_fasted, ps_tamox_fasted
2013-01-18 | E-GEOD-43581 | biostudies-arrayexpress