SPARCLE, a p53-induced lncRNA, controls apoptosis after genotoxic stress by promoting PARP-1 cleavage
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA603844 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:p53, master transcriptional regulator of the genotoxic stress response, controls cell cycle arrest and apoptosis following DNA damage. Here we identify a p53-induced lncRNA SPARCLE (Suicidal PARP-1 Cleavage Enhancer) adjacent to miR-34b/c required for p53-mediated apoptosis. SPARCLE is a ~770 nucleotide, nuclear lncRNA induced one day after DNA damage. Despite low expression (<15 copies/cell), SPARCLE deletion increases DNA repair and reduces DNA damage-induced apoptosis as much as p53 deficiency, while its over-expression restores apoptosis in p53-deficient cells. SPARCLE does not alter gene expression. SPARCLE causes apoptosis by acting as a caspase-3 cofactor for PARP-1 cleavage, which separates its N-terminal (NT) DNA binding domain from PARP-1 catalytic domains. NT-PARP-1 binds to DNA breaks but, lacking its PARylation domains, does not initiate DNA repair. In fact, expressing NT-PARP-1 in SPARCLE-deficient cells increases unrepaired DNA damage and restores apoptosis after DNA damage. Thus, as a PARP-1 cleavage cofactor, SPARCLE enhances p53-induced apoptosis.
2022-02-01 | GSE144510 | GEO
Project description:In order to determine whether dis-regulation of a genetic pathway could explain the increased apoptosis of parp-2-/- double positive thymocytes, the gene expression profiles in double positive thymocytes derived from wild-type and parp-2-/- mice were analysed using Affymetrix oligonucleotide chips (mouse genome 430 2.0).
2007-05-23 | E-MEXP-755 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:PARP inhibition and the effect on Arabidopsis thaliana high light tolerance
2012-05-01 | E-MTAB-896 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2 (PARP-2) is acknowledged as a DNA repair enzyme; however, recently metabolic properties had been attributed to it. Hereby, we examined the metabolic consequences of PARP-2 ablation in liver. Microarray analysis of PARP-2 knockdown HepG2 cells revealed the dysregulation of lipid and cholesterol metabolism genes. Induction of cholesterol biosynthesis genes stemmed from the enhanced expression of sterol-regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1. We revealed that PARP-2 is a suppressor of the SREBP-1 promoter, therefore ablation of PARP-2 induces SREBP-1 expression and consequently cholesterol synthesis. PARP-2-/- mice had higher SREBP-1 expression that was translated into enhanced hepatic and serum cholesterol levels. PARP-2 silencing was performed employing shPARP-2 (small hairpin) and scPARP-2 (scrambled) shRNA by lentiviral delivery (Sigma) using 40 MOI lentiviruses coding shRNA sequence against PARP-2.
2013-12-31 | E-GEOD-43981 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Erythropoiesis is a tightly regulated process in which multipotential hematopoietic stem cells give rise to mature red blood cells. Here, we show that Parp-2 deficiency in mice leads to chronic anemia, despite increased EPO plasma levels, providing a novel role for Parp-2 in erythropoiesis. Loss of Parp-2 causes shortened red blood cells lifespan and impaired differentiation of erythroid cells. Transcriptomic analyses revealed the activation of the p53-dependent-DNA damage response pathways on Parp-2-deficient erythroblasts, triggering the expression of genes involved in cell cycle checkpoints and apoptosis. Accordingly, Parp-2-deficient erythroblasts shows G2/M cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis.
2014-12-31 | GSE54864 | GEO
Project description:Protein inhibitor of activated STAT3 (PIAS3) is an endogenous inhibitor of STAT3 that negatively regulates STAT3 transcriptional activity and cell growth and demonstrates limited expression in the majority of human squamous cell carcinomas of the lung. In the present study we sought to determine if PIAS3 inhibits cell growth in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines by induction of apoptosis and further determine the dependence of PIAS3 activity on p53 status by using both wild-type and p53-null cells. Our results demonstrate that over-expression of PIAS3 promotes caspase 3 activation and PARP cleavage. Furthermore, the expression of pro-survival family members Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 is decreased. These effects were observed after both transient and regulated expression of exogenous PIAS3 and were independent of p53 status. Furthermore, while p53 can promote apoptosis by inhibition of STAT3 activity, PIAS3 inhibition of STAT3 activity was also p53 independent. Microarray experiments were performed to further investigate the STAT3-dependence of PIAS3-induced apoptosis by comparing the apoptotic gene expression signature induced by PIAS3 over-expression with that induced by STAT3 siRNA. The results showed that a subset of apoptotic genes, including CIDEC and DAPK2, were uniquely expressed only after PIAS3 expression. Thus, PIAS3 may represent a promising lung cancer therapeutic target because of its p53-independent efficacy as well as its potential to synergize with direct STAT3 inhibitors. The expression profiles of genes related to apoptosis in A549 cell line transfected with pCMV5 vector encoding human PIAS3 compared with that induced by STAT3 siRNA Cells in all three groups were grown in serum-free medium, then stimulated with EGF, then one group transfected with pCMV5 vector encoding human PIAS3, second group was induced by STAT3 siRNA, third group considered as control.
2012-12-19 | E-GEOD-42979 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Farnesol (FOH) and other isoprenoid alcohols induce apoptosis in various carcinoma cells and inhibit tumorigenesis in several in vivo models. However, the mechanisms by which these isoprenoids mediate their effects are not yet fully understood. In this study, we show that FOH is effective inducer of apoptosis in several lung carcinoma cells, including H460 cells. This induction is associated with activation of caspase-3, -9, and -12, and cleavage of PARP. To obtain insight into the mechanism involved in FOH-induced apoptosis, we compared the gene expression profiles of FOH-treated and control H460 cells using microarray analysis. This analysis revealed that many of the genes implicated in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, including ATF3, CHOP/GADD153, HERPUD1, BIP (GRP78), XBP1, PDIA4, and TDAG51, were highly up-regulated within 4 hr of FOH treatment suggesting that FOH-induced apoptosis involves an ER-stress response. This was supported by observations showing that treatment with FOH induces phosphorylation of eIF2ï¡. FOH induces activation of several MAPK pathways, including p38, MEK-ERK, and JNK. Inhibition of MEK1/2 by U0126 inhibited the induction of ER stress-response genes. In addition, knockdown of the MEK1/2 and JNK1/2 expression by short interfering RNA (siRNA) effectively inhibited the induction of apoptosis and activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of PARP by FOH. However, only MEK1/2 siRNAs reduced the expression of ER stress-related genes and inhibited phosphorylation of eIF2ï¡. Our results demonstrate that FOH-induced apoptosis is coupled to ER stress and that activation of MEK1/2 is an upstream event in the FOH-induced ER stress signaling cascade. Vehicle vs. 4h FOH Signature Gene lists (Replicates 1 & 2) are linked as supplementary files to the Series record. Experiment Overall Design: H460 cells were treated for 4 hours with 250 micromolar FOH or vehicle (DMSO) in duplicate experiments. Each FOH treated sample was compared to its matched Vehicle and dye-flips were performed, resulting in 4 arrays (2 replicate sets x 2 technical replicates).
2008-04-07 | E-GEOD-7215 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) is abnormally expressed in a wide variety of tumors. Emerging evidence suggests that PARP-1 plays key roles in multiple biologic behaviors of tumors, such as modulation of chromatin structure, regulation of gene transcription, tumor proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, by acting on different molecular pathways. PARP-1 inhibition can achieve a beneficial outcome in tumor treatment. But the specific mechanism of PARP-1 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still to be discovered. We used microarrays to detail the global gene expression in C1498 with and without PARP-1 inhibition and profile differentially expressed genes that might be involved in PARP-1 regulation in AML.
2016-08-31 | GSE64220 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6711993 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Protein inhibitor of activated STAT3 (PIAS3) is an endogenous inhibitor of STAT3 that negatively regulates STAT3 transcriptional activity and cell growth and demonstrates limited expression in the majority of human squamous cell carcinomas of the lung. In the present study we sought to determine if PIAS3 inhibits cell growth in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines by induction of apoptosis and further determine the dependence of PIAS3 activity on p53 status by using both wild-type and p53-null cells. Our results demonstrate that over-expression of PIAS3 promotes caspase 3 activation and PARP cleavage. Furthermore, the expression of pro-survival family members Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 is decreased. These effects were observed after both transient and regulated expression of exogenous PIAS3 and were independent of p53 status. Furthermore, while p53 can promote apoptosis by inhibition of STAT3 activity, PIAS3 inhibition of STAT3 activity was also p53 independent. Microarray experiments were performed to further investigate the STAT3-dependence of PIAS3-induced apoptosis by comparing the apoptotic gene expression signature induced by PIAS3 over-expression with that induced by STAT3 siRNA. The results showed that a subset of apoptotic genes, including CIDEC and DAPK2, were uniquely expressed only after PIAS3 expression. Thus, PIAS3 may represent a promising lung cancer therapeutic target because of its p53-independent efficacy as well as its potential to synergize with direct STAT3 inhibitors.
2012-12-19 | GSE42979 | GEO