Mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2) is necessary for AML survival
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA615031 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Through a CRISPR screen to identify mitochondrial genes necessary for the growth of AML cells, we identified the mitochondrial outer membrane protein MTCH2 (Mitochondrial Carrier Homolog 2). In AML, knockdown of MTCH2 decreased growth, reduced engraftment potential of stem cells and induced differentiation. Inhibiting MTCH2 altered in AML cells increased nuclear pyruvate and pyruvate dehydrogenase that induced histone acetylation and subsequently promoted the differentiation of AML cells. Thus, we have defined a new mechanism by which mitochondria and metabolism regulate AML stem cells and gene expression.
2020-03-25 | GSE147508 | GEO
Project description:Inhibiting MTCH2 or the Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier increased levels of pyruvate and pyruvate dehydrogenase in the nucleus leading to differentiation and loss of stemness in AML.
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Project description:Metabolic dysfunctions, such as fatty liver, obesity and insulin resistance, are among the most common contemporary diseases worldwide. Mimp/Mtch2 is a mitochondrial carrier protein homologue that leads to mitochondrial depolarization, localizes to the mitochondria and induces accumulation of fat vesicles. Transgenic mice overexpressing Mimp/Mtch2 develop fatty livers and kidneys and exhibit high blood glucose levels. The mechanism of lipid accumulation in the kidney has not been fully determined. In this study we performed a differential gene expression profile of fatty compared to non-fatty kidneys of Mimp/Mtch2-GFP transgenic mice, fed on high fat diet. RNA samples for microarray gene expression profiling were obtained from four Mimp/Mtch2-GFP mice, two samples of low fat kidneys and two of fatty kidneys.
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Project description:The paper describes a model of acute myeloid leukaemia.
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This model is described in the article:
Optimal control of acute myeloid leukaemia
Jesse A. Sharp, Alexander P Browning, Tarunendu Mapder, Kevin Burrage, Matthew J Simpson
Journal of Theoretical Biology 470 (2019) 30–42
Abstract:
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a blood cancer affecting haematopoietic stem cells. AML is routinely treated with chemotherapy, and so it is of great interest to develop optimal chemotherapy treatment strategies. In this work, we incorporate an immune response into a stem cell model of AML, since we find that previous models lacking an immune response are inappropriate for deriving optimal control strategies. Using optimal control theory, we produce continuous controls and bang-bang controls, corre- sponding to a range of objectives and parameter choices. Through example calculations, we provide a practical approach to applying optimal control using Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle. In particular, we describe and explore factors that have a profound influence on numerical convergence. We find that the convergence behaviour is sensitive to the method of control updating, the nature of the control, and to the relative weighting of terms in the objective function. All codes we use to implement optimal control are made available.
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2019-08-19 | BIOMD0000000798 | BioModels
Project description:Chemoresistance is the leading cause of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-related deaths, and elucidation of the mechanisms of AML chemoresistance is necessary to effectively target this process. Here, we performed genome wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening to identify key molecules regulating AML chemoresistance.
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Project description:IPO11 regulates the nuclear import of BZW1/2 and is necessary for AML cells and stem cells
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Project description:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by poor clinical outcomes due to high rates of relapse following induction chemotherapy. While many pathogenic drivers have been described in AML, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms mediating chemotherapy resistance remains poor, and initial management of AML continues to rely on standard induction chemotherapy for many patients. Given the importance of identifying new approaches to improve the efficiency of induction therapy in AML, we sought to identify resistance genes to induction therapy in AML and identified ALOX5 is a novel mediator of resistance to anthracycline based therapy. ALOX5 mRNA is expressed at high levels in AML patient blasts in comparison to normal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and ALOX5 mRNA and protein expression is increased in response to induction therapy. Genetic and pharmacologic perturbations of ALOX5 function in vitro and in vivo confirm that ALOX5 positively regulates the leukemogenic potential of AML LSCs, while ALOX5 loss does not significantly affect the function of normal HSPCs. ALOX5 mediates resistance to daunorubicin (DNR) and promotes AML cell survival and maintenance through its leukotriene (LT) synthetic capacity. Specifically, the ALOX5 dependent resistance phenotype depends on its ability to synthesize LTB4 and bind to the LTB receptor (BLTR). Overall, our studies reveal a previously unrecognized role of LT’s in AML pathogenesis and chemoresistance, and provide a potential novel strategy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of induction chemotherapy in AML.
2022-04-14 | GSE200614 | GEO
Project description:Mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2) regulates the differentiation of AML cells by controlling pyruvate entry into the mitochondria, nuclear localization of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and H3 and H4 histone acetylation
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